1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910299480303321

Autore

Strømmen Einar N

Titolo

Structural dynamics / / Einar N. Strommen

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Cham [Switzerland] : , : Springer, , 2014

ISBN

3-319-01802-7

Edizione

[1st ed. 2014.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (xvii, 510 pages) : illustrations (some color)

Collana

Springer Series in Solid and Structural Mechanics, , 2195-3511 ; ; 2

Disciplina

620

624.1

624.171

Soggetti

Structural dynamics

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

"ISSN: 2195-3511."

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

Basic Theory -- One And Two Degree OF Freedom Systems -- Eigan value Calculations Of Continuous Systems -- The Finite Element Method In Dynamics -- The Normal Mode Method -- Frequency And Time Domain Response Calculations Dynamic Response Earthquake Excitation -- Wind Induced Dynamic Response Calculations -- Damping Rectangular Plates -- Moving Load Of Beams -- Basic Theory Of Stochastic Processes -- Time Domain Simulations -- Element Properties.

Sommario/riassunto

This book introduces to the theory of structural dynamics, with focus on civil engineering structures that may be described by line-like beam or beam-column type of systems, or by a system of rectangular plates. Throughout this book the mathematical presentation contains a classical analytical description as well as a description in a discrete finite element format, covering the mathematical development from basic assumptions to the final equations ready for practical dynamic response predictions. Solutions are presented in time domain as well as in frequency domain. Structural Dynamics starts off at a basic level and step by step brings the reader up to a level where the necessary safety considerations to wind or horizontal ground motion induced dynamic design problems can be performed. The special theory of the tuned mass damper has been given a comprehensive treatment, as this is a theory not fully covered elsewhere. For the same reason a chapter on



the problem of moving loads on beams has been included.

2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910557725303321

Autore

Simón Carlos

Titolo

EmbryoGenetics

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Basel, Switzerland, : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2021

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (176 p.)

Soggetti

Research and information: general

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Sommario/riassunto

The science of human genetics has advanced at an exponential pace since the double-helix structure of DNA was identified in 1953. Within only 25 years of that discovery, the first gene was sequenced. Subsequent efforts in the span of a few decades have brought advanced next-generation sequencing and new tools for genome editing, allowing scientists to write and rewrite the code of life. We are now realizing that genetics represents yet another system of information technology that follows Moore's law, stating that computer processing power roughly doubles every two years. Importantly, with such rapid and sophisticated advancements, any tools or studies applicable to adult genetics can now also be applied to embryos.Genetic disorders affect 1% of live births and are responsible for 20% of pediatric hospitalizations and 20% of infant mortality. Many disorders are caused by recessive or X-linked genetic mutations carried by 85% of humans. Because assisted reproduction has armed us with technologies like in vitro fertilization that provide access to human embryos, we began to screen some genetic diseases simply by selecting sex. The first live births following preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) to identify sex in X-linked disease were reported by Alan Handyside in 1990. This groundbreaking work used the identification of male embryos and



selective transfer of unaffected normal or carrier females as proof-of-concept to avoid genetic diseases, paving the way to extend the concept to PGT for monogenic diseases (PGT-M), including Mendelian single-gene defects (autosomal dominant/recessive, X-linked dominant/recessive), severe childhood lethality or early-onset disease, cancer predisposition, and HLA typing for histocompatible cord-blood stem cells' transplantation. Later, we moved onto the identification and selection of euploid embryos by analysing all 23 pairs of chromosomes in 4-8 cells from the trophectoderm, called PGT for aneuploidy (PGT-A). PGT-A currently leverages next-generation sequencing technologies to uncover meiotic- and mitotic-origin aneuploidies affecting whole chromosomes, as well as duplications/deletions of small chromosome regions. A step forward was the use of structural chromosome rearrangements (PGT-SR) to identify Robertsonian and reciprocal translocations, inversions, and balanced vs. unbalanced rearrangements. Another advancement came with PGT for polygenic risk scoring (PGT-P). This technique takes us from learning how to read simple words to starting to understand poetry (i.e., evolving from PGT-M/A/SR to PGT-P for multifactorial, polygenic risk prediction).  Moreover, we are moving from embryo selection to intervention because the genetic code is not only readable, but also re-writeable. Indeed, gene editing is now possible using tools like CRISPR/Cas9, which are applicable to all species, including human embryos.