Color constancy [[electronic resource] /] / Marc Ebner

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910143706803321
• Autore: Ebner Marc
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Chichester, : John Wiley, c2007
• ISBN: 1-280-85590-8; 9786610855902; 0-470-51049-8; 0-470-51048-X
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (409 p.)
• Collana: Wiley-IS&T series in imaging science and technology
• Disciplina: 152.145
• Soggetti: Color vision; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Color Constancy; Contents; Series Preface; Preface; 1 Introduction; 1.1 What is Color Constancy?; 1.2 Classic Experiments; 1.3 Overview; 2 The Visual System; 2.1 Eye and Retina; 2.2 Visual Cortex; 2.3 On the Function of the Color Opponent Cells; 2.4 Lightness; 2.5 Color Perception Correlates with Integrated Reflectances; 2.6 Involvement of the Visual Cortex in Color Constancy; 3 Theory of Color Image Formation; 3.1 Analog Photography; 3.2 Digital Photography; 3.3 Theory of Radiometry; 3.4 Reflectance Models; 3.5 Illuminants; 3.6 Sensor Response; 3.7 Finite Set of Basis Functions; 4 Color Reproduction4.1 Additive and Subtractive Color Generation; 4.2 Color Gamut; 4.3 Computing Primary Intensities; 4.4 CIE XYZ Color Space; 4.5 Gamma Correction; 4.6 Von Kries Coefficients and Sensor Sharpening; 5 Color Spaces; 5.1 RGB Color Space; 5.2 sRGB; 5.3 CIE L*u*v*Color Space; 5.4 CIE L*a*b*Color Space; 5.5 CMY Color Space; 5.6 HSI Color Space; 5.7 HSV Color Space; 5.8 Analog and Digital Video Color Spaces; 6 Algorithms for Color Constancy under Uniform Illumination; 6.1 White Patch Retinex; 6.2 The Gray World Assumption; 6.3 Variant of Horn's Algorithm; 6.4 Gamut-constraint Methods6.5 Color in Perspective; 6.6 Color Cluster Rotation; 6.7 Comprehensive Color Normalization; 6.8 Color ; Constancy Using a Dichromatic Reflection Model; 7 Algorithms for Color Constancy under Nonuniform Illumination; 7.1 The Retinex Theory of Color Vision; 7.2 Computation of Lightness and Color; 7.3 Hardware Implementation of Land's Retinex Theory; 7.4 Color Correction on Multiple Scales; 7.5 Homomorphic Filtering; 7.6 Intrinsic Images; 7.7 Reflectance Images from Image Sequences; 7.8 Additional Algorithms; 8 Learning Color Constancy; 8.1 Learning a Linear Filter; 8.2 Learning Color Constancy Using Neural Networks8.3 Evolving Color Constancy; 8.4 Analysis of Chromatic Signals; 8.5 Neural Architecture based on Double Opponent Cells; 8.6 Neural Architecture Using Energy Minimization; 9 Shadow Removal and Brightening; 9.1 Shadow Removal Using Intrinsic Images; 9.2 Shadow Brightening; 10 Estimating the Illuminant Locally; 10.1 Local Space Average Color; 10.2 Computing Local Space Average Color on a Grid of Processing Elements; 10.3 Implementation Using a Resistive Grid; 10.4 Experimental Results; 11 Using Local Space Average Color for Color Constancy; 11.1 Scaling Input Values11.2 Color Shifts; 11.3 Normalized Color Shifts; 11.4 Adjusting Saturation; 11.5 Combining White Patch Retinex and the Gray World Assumption; 12 Computing Anisotropic Local Space Average Color; 12.1 Nonlinear Change of the Illuminant; 12.2 The Line of Constant Illumination; 12.3 Interpolation Methods; 12.4 Evaluation of Interpolation Methods; 12.5 Curved Line of Constant Illumination; 12.6 Experimental Results; 13 Evaluation of Algorithms; 13.1 Histogram-based Object Recognition; 13.2 Object Recognition under Changing Illumination; 13.3 Evaluation on Object Recognition Tasks
• Sommario/riassunto: A human observer is able to recognize the color of objects irrespective of the light used to illuminate them. This is called color constancy. A digital camera uses a sensor to measure the reflected light, meaning that the measured color at each pixel varies according to the color of the illuminant. Therefore, the resulting colors may not be the same as the colors that were perceived by the observer. Obtaining color constant descriptors from image pixels is not only important for digital photography, but also valuable for computer vision, color-based automatic object recognition, and color imag

Embryogeny and phylogeny of the human posture . 1 A new glance at the future of our species / / Anne Dambricourt Malasse

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910555023103321
• Autore: Dambricourt Anne
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: London, England : , : ISTE Ltd, , [2021]; ℗♭2021
• ISBN: 1-119-85490-3; 1-119-85491-1; 1-119-85489-X
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (256 pages)
• Collana: Comparative anatomy and posture of animal and human set ; ; Volume 3
• Disciplina: 301.21
• Soggetti: Human beings - Attitude and movement; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di contenuto: Cover -- Half-Title Page -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Preface -- PART 1. The Vertical Human: Philosopher of Nature -- 1. Anthropos, the First of the Animals -- 1.1. Introduction -- 1.1.1. Epistemology according to Georges Cuvier -- 1.1.2. From the metaphysics of beings to the physics of their matter -- 1.1.3. Mathematics, forms and women physicians -- 1.1.4. Socrates, Plato and Aristotle: an anthropology of ideas or a -- 1.2. Anthropos, the axis of the world -- 1.2.1. Man, a vertical anatomy -- 1.2.2. Apes and humans -- 1.2.3. The generation of anthropos: the father as a model, the mother -- 2. From Aristotle to the 16th Century: The Eclipse of Science -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Comparative anatomy of apes and humans from Aristotle to Galen -- 2.2.1. The Museum of Alexandria -- 2.3. Decadence and rebirth of natural philosophy and human anatomy -- 2.3.1. Albertus Magnus, the Aristotle of a reborn Europe -- 2.3.2. The first lay schools of medicine in Europe in the 11th and 12th centuries -- 2.3.3. Instant of grace: Leonardo da Vinci, from the elusive movement to the restitution of the soul -- 3. The 16th Century: From Generation to Human Physiology -- 3.1. Ambroise Paré (1510-1590), father of French surgery with "more than barbaric Latin" -- 3.2. André ; Vésale (1514-1564), the audacity of objectivity in the face of Galen's anthropo-simian chimeras -- 3.3. Jacobus Sylvius (1478-1555): defending Galen body and soul -- 3.4. Gabriele Fallope (1523-1562): freedom of dissection, the fine anatomy of the ear and cranial base -- 3.5. Bartolomeo Eustachi (Bartholomaeus Eustachius, c. 1523-1562): the human fetus and the monkey -- 3.6. The embryo, the fetus and blood circulation with the maternal body -- 3.6.1. Arantius (1530-1589): the development of the human fetus -- 3.6.2. D'Aquapendente (1533-1619): the father of embryology.; 3.6.3. William Harvey (1578-1657): the demonstration of blood -- 3.7. On human generation and fetal development -- 3.7.1. Gabriel de Zerbis (1455-1505) -- 3.7.2. Volcher Coiter (1534-1576) -- 3.7.3. Félix Platter (Foelix Platerus, 1536-1614), the first optician -- 3.8. Giovanni Alfonso Borelli (1608-1679): the dynamic geometry of the vertical body -- 4. Centuries in Search of Light -- 4.1. Independent Academies of Sciences -- 4.1.1. Gerolamo Cardano: of the necessity and the form of Man, by -- 4.1.2. Giulio Cesare Vanini (1585-1619), "Prince of the libertines" -- 4.1.3. Man absent from himself, God always as explanation -- 4.2. The beginning of Man and Russian dolls -- 4.2.1. From microscope to microcosm -- 4.2.2. The created species are not immortal -- 5. The Century of Naturalistic Enlightenment -- 5.1. The Jardin royal des plantes: a new natural history of animals -- 5.1.1. Georges Leclerc, Count of Buffon -- 5.1.2. A research organization independent of biblical dogmatism -- 5.1.3. The history of the Earth as a premise of the natural history of Man -- 5.1.4. Man is the last "internal mold" created on the Earth -- 5.1.5. The species according to Buffon -- 5.1.6. A fundamental principle: the subordination of external parties to internal parties -- PART 2. The Place of Humans among Current and Fossilized Primates -- 6. From Natural Curiosity Cabinets to the First Primate Collections -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.1.1. Conrad Gessner (1516-1565), the first great collector of natural curiosities -- 6.1.2. Ulisse Aldrovandi (1522-1605), the first natural history museums in Europe -- 6.1.3. Jacobus Bontius (Jacob de Bondt, 1592-1631): the first wild great ape or "Man of the Woods" -- 6.1.4. Tulpius (1593-1674), the first description of a chimpanzee -- 6.1.5. Edward Tyson (1650-1708), the first dissection of a chimpanzee.; 6.1.6. Carl Linnaeus (1707-1778), the classification of organisms by species and genera -- 6.2. Comparative anatomy at the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle -- 6.2.1. Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton (1716-1799), the occipital hole and the face unified by geometry -- 6.2.2. Georges Buffon publishes his own "Nomenclature of Apes" -- 6.2.3. Petrus Camper (1722-1789), the first dissection of an orangutan: the ape does not speak -- 6.2.4. The premises of a gradualist and racial anthropology -- 7. The Transition from the 18th to the 19th Century: Birth of Paleontology and Comparative Anatomy -- 7.1. Oryctography or the study of the disposition of minerals and fossils in the soil -- 7.1.1. François-Xavier de Burtin (1743-1818), a leading European collector -- 7.1.2. The French Revolution: naturalist audacity faced with the fury of the Terror1 (1792-1794) -- 7.1.3. The premises of the Industrial Revolution: energy and thermodynamics -- 7.2. Georges Cuvier (1769-1832), the French Revolution and the revolution of the globe -- 7.2.1. The natural sciences at the heart of the "Terror" -- 7.2.2. Karl Kielmeyer, Georges Cuvier's great comrade and gifted youngster -- 7.2.3. Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, the unity of the animal composition plan -- 7.2.4. The laws of animal oeconomy -- 7.2.5. Humans have no fossil ancestor according to Cuvier -- 7.2.6. The division between Cuvier and Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire or the distinction between microand macroevolution -- 8. The Slow ; Recognition of Humans' Simian Origins -- 8.1. Introduction -- 8.2. Jean-Baptiste de Lamarck or the audacity of the transformist theory of organization plans -- 8.2.1. "The causes of the main physical facts" or "what is life" (1780) -- 8.2.2. Transformism or the first formulation of evolution -- 8.2.3. Lamarck and the first theory of the common origins of the orangutan, the chimpanzee and Homo sapiens.; 8.2.4. The anatomical origins of Homo sapiens, a break with his own statements -- 8.2.5. Which system to classify humans: the separation of organizational plans or the variety of a single plan? -- 9. Embryology, Fixist Anthropology and the Neanderthal Man -- 9.1. Introduction -- 9.1.1. The theory of epigenesis (Wolff 1759) -- 9.1.2. Karl von Baer discovers the formation of the ovum (1827) -- 9.1.3. Johann Meckel (1781-1833), the revolution of the 11 laws of embryogenesis -- 9.2. The origins of the vertical anatomy of humans: between poetic metaphysics, transcendental finality and climatic influences -- 9.3. Great confusion between Linnaean nesting classification and the emergence of organizational plans -- 9.3.1. Étienne Serres (1786-1868) and the "transcendental" anatomy of the embryo (1832) -- 9.3.2. Alfred Velpeau (1795-1867) and the cranio-caudal gradient of embryogenesis (1832) -- 9.3.3. The first Chair of Embryogeny at the Collège de France (1844) -- 9.3.4. The discovery of the gorilla, 1847-1852 -- 9.3.5. Franz Fick (1813-1858), a giant step forward: the study of the internal base of the skull (1853-1862) -- 9.3.6. Rudolf Virchow (1821-1902), a major study on the relations between the internal base and the external face -- 9.3.7. Neanderthal Man (1856), a lost human species -- 9.3.8. Herman Welcker (1822-1897), comparative internal growth of the orangutan and Homo sapiens (1862) -- 10. The Decline of Transformism at the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle -- 10.1. The decline of transformism despite the discovery of the first monkey fossils -- 10.1.1. First manmade objects contemporary to Diluvium, 1842 -- 10.1.2. Edouard Lartet: the first great fossil monkey to the rescue of -- 10.1.3. Paris, capital of transformist anthropology and free thought -- 10.2. A theory lacking internal coherence.; 10.2.1. Gradualist classification and discontinuities between fossil -- 10.2.2. Charles Darwin (1809-1882) knocked at the door of the French -- 10.2.3. A progression toward scientific formalization of the evolution of -- 10.2.4. The cart before the horse: the Linnaean classification of fossils -- 10.2.5. The transmission of acquired characteristics and Charles -- 10.2.6. The faults of Charles Darwin against Armand de Quatrefages -- 11. Transformist Paleontology Inaugurates the 20th Century -- 11.1. The rebirth -- 11.1.1. Albert Gaudry (1827-1908), a palace in the Jardin des plantes for paleontology and comparative anatomy -- 11.1.2. Paul Gervais (1816-1879) at the Chair of Anatomy and the first bipedal fossil monkey -- 11.1.3. Haeckel (1834-1919), on the way to formalizing processes -- 11.1.4. Haeckel, a new hope -- 11.1.5. Phylogenesis and embryogenesis, a reversed logic -- 11.2. Natural selection and the scale of human societies -- References -- Index -- Other titles from iSTE in Biology -- EULA.