1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910511992203321

Autore

Organization World Health

Titolo

Antimicrobial Resistance. Global Report on Surveillance [[electronic resource] ] : Global Report on Surveillance

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Geneva, : World Health Organization, 2014

ISBN

92-4-069266-5

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (254 p.)

Disciplina

616

Soggetti

Drug resistance -- Periodicals

Drug resistance in microorganisms

Drug resistance

Anti-infective agents - Classification

Drug resistance in microorganisms - Effect of drugs on

Risk management

Risk

Risk Management

Information Science

Drug Resistance

Microbiological Phenomena

Epidemiologic Measurements

Therapeutic Uses

Probability

Pharmacologic Actions

Pharmacological Phenomena

Public Health

Organization and Administration

Statistics as Topic

Health Services Administration

Environment and Public Health

Chemical Actions and Uses

Physiological Phenomena

Health Care Evaluation Mechanisms

Health Care

Epidemiologic Methods

Drug Therapy

Quality of Health Care

Investigative Techniques

Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures



Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation

Anti-Infective Agents

Classification

Risk Assessment

Drug Resistance, Microbial

Biology

Health & Biological Sciences

Microbiology & Immunology

Electronic books.

Publication Formats

Technical Report

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di contenuto

Cover; Contents; Foreword; Summary; Acknowledgements; Abbreviations; Introduction; SECTION 01 Resistance to antibacterial drugs; 1.1 Background; 1.1.1 Limitations; 1.2 Regional surveillance of antibacterial resistance; 1.2.1 WHO African Region; 1.2.2 WHO Region of the Americas; 1.2.3 WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region; 1.2.4 WHO European Region; 1.2.5 WHO South-East Asia Region; 1.2.6 WHO Western Pacific Region; 1.3 References; SECTION 02 Resistance to antibacterial drugs in selected bacteria of international concern; 2.1 Availability of national resistance data; 2.1.1 Key messages

2.2 Resistance data on specific pathogens2.2.1 Escherichia coli - resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and to fluoroquinolones; 2.2.2 Klebsiella pneumoniae - resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and to carbapenems; 2.2.3 Staphylococcus aureus - resistance to methicillin; 2.2.4 Streptococcus pneumoniae - resistance (non-susceptibility) to penicillin; 2.2.5 Nontyphoidal Salmonella - resistance to fluoroquinolones; 2.2.6 Shigella species - resistance to fluoroquinolones; 2.2.7 Neisseria gonorrhoeae - decreased susceptibility to third-generation cephalosporins; 2.3 References

SECTION 03 The health and economic burden due to antibacterial resistance3.1 Methods; 3.2 Findings; 3.2.1 Health burden; 3.2.2 Economic burden; 3.3 Knowledge gaps; 3.4 Key messages; 3.5 References; SECTION 04 Surveillance of antimicrobial drug resistance in disease-specific programmes; 4.1 Tuberculosis; 4.1.1 Evolution of drug resistance in tuberculosis; 4.1.2 Surveillance of drug-resistant tuberculosis; 4.1.3 Global public health response to drug-resistant tuberculosis; 4.1.4 Notification of MDR-TB cases and enrolment on treatment

4.1.5 Public health implications: treatment outcomes for multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis4.1.6 Key messages; 4.2 Malaria; 4.2.1 Evolution of antimalarial drug resistance; 4.2.2 Surveillance of antimalarial therapeutic efficacy and resistance; 4.2.3 Global public health implications of antimalarial drug resistance; 4.2.4 Key messages; 4.3 HIV; 4.3.1 Surveillance of anti-HIV drug resistance; 4.3.2 Global public health implications of anti-HIV drug resistance; 4.3.3 Key messages; 4.4 Influenza; 4.4.1 Evolution of



resistance in influenza viruses

4.4.2 Anti-influenza drug resistance4.4.3 Surveillance of anti-influenza drug resistance; 4.4.4 Public health implications of anti-influenza drug resistance; 4.4.5 Key messages; 4.5 References; SECTION 05 Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in other areas; 5.1 Antibacterial resistance in food-producing animals and the food chain; 5.1.1 Ongoing surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in food-producing animals and food; 5.1.2 Integrated surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in foodborne bacteria; 5.1.3 Antimicrobials of particular importance in human and veterinary medicine

5.1.4 Implications for human health from zoonotic transmission of resistant bacteria and genetic material

Sommario/riassunto

This WHO report produced in collaboration withMember States and other partners provides as accuratea picture as is presently possible of the magnitude ofAMR and the current state of surveillance globally.The report focuses on antibacterial resistance (ABR)in common bacterial pathogens. Why? There is amajor gap in knowledge about the magnitude of thisproblem and such information is needed to guideurgent public health actions. ABR is complex andmultidimensional. It involves a range of resistancemechanisms affecting an ever-widening range ofbacteria most of which can cause a wide spectrumof disea



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910132206103321

Titolo

Meat inspection and control in the slaughterhouse / / edited by Thimjos Ninios, [and four others]

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Chichester, England : , : WILEY Blackwell, , 2014

©2014

ISBN

1-118-52584-1

1-118-52582-5

1-118-52585-X

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (726 p.)

Disciplina

664/.907

Soggetti

Meat inspection

Slaughtering and slaughter-houses

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.

Nota di contenuto

Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Contents; List of Contributors; Chapter 1 Introduction; Chapter 2 From Farm to Slaughterhouse; 2.1 Scope; 2.2 Animal health and welfare; 2.2.1 Different farming systems; 2.2.2 Good practices; 2.2.3 Biosecurity measures; 2.2.4 Prior to transport; 2.3 Transport; 2.3.1 Fitness for transport; 2.3.2 Means of transport; 2.3.3 Transport practices; 2.4 Lairage; 2.5 Food chain information; Summary; Chapter 3 Ante-Mortem Inspection; 3.1 Scope; 3.2 Introduction; 3.3 Identification of animals; 3.4 Abnormalities; 3.5 Cleanliness of animals; 3.6 Animal welfare

3.6.1 Animal welfare on the farm3.6.2 Animal welfare in transit; 3.6.3 Animal welfare at the slaughterhouse; Chapter 4 The Slaughter Process; 4.1 Scope; 4.2 General; 4.3 Pigs; 4.3.1 Moving the animals from the stable to stunning; 4.3.2 Stunning; 4.3.3 Bleeding; 4.3.4 Scalding; 4.3.5 Dehairing; 4.3.6 Skin removal; 4.3.7 Evisceration; 4.3.8 Cooling/chilling; 4.4 Cattle, horses, sheep and goats; 4.4.1 Moving the animals from the stable to stunning; 4.4.2 Stunning; 4.4.3 Bleeding; 4.4.4 Electrical stimulation; 4.4.5 Dehiding and opening the carcass; 4.4.6 Cooling/chilling; 4.5 Poultry



4.5.1 Transport to slaughter4.5.2 Stunning; 4.5.3 Scalding; 4.5.4 Plucking; 4.5.5 Evisceration; 4.5.6 Other poultry; 4.5.7 Cooling/chilling; 4.6 Treatment of slaughter by-products; Chapter 5 Animal Welfare-Stunning and Bleeding; 5.1 Scope; 5.2 Introduction; 5.3 Pigs; 5.3.1 Electrical stunning; 5.3.2 Carbon dioxide stunning; 5.3.3 Captive-bolt stunning; 5.3.4 Bleeding; 5.4 Cattle, sheep and goats; 5.4.1 Captive-bolt stunning; 5.4.2 Electrical stunning; 5.4.3 Bleeding; 5.5 Poultry; 5.5.1 Electrical stunning; 5.5.2 Gas stunning (controlled atmosphere stunning, CAS); 5.5.3 Bleeding

5.6 ConclusionsChapter 6 Post-Mortem Inspection and Related Anatomy; 6.1 Scope; 6.2 Introduction; 6.3 Anatomy of the head; 6.3.1 Skeleton structures and viscera of the cranial cavity; 6.3.2 Skeleton structures and viscera of the face; 6.3.3 Lymph nodes of the head; 6.3.4 Pigs; 6.3.5 Bovine; 6.3.6 Small ruminants; 6.4 Anatomy of viscera; 6.4.1 Viscera of the oral cavity; 6.4.2 Viscera of the thoracic cavity; 6.4.3 Viscera of the abdominal cavity; 6.4.4 Gastrointestinal tube, mesentery and annexed lymph nodes; 6.4.5 Viscera of the pelvic cavity; 6.5 Anatomy of carcass

6.5.1 Musculoskeletal apparatus6.5.2 Viscera annexed to the carcass; 6.5.3 Specific characteristics in pig; 6.5.4 Specific characteristics in bovine; 6.5.5 Specific characteristics in small ruminants; 6.6 Anatomy of poultry; 6.6.1 Carcass; 6.6.2 Viscera; 6.7 Post-mortem inspection; 6.7.1 Scope of the post-mortem inspection; 6.7.2 Post-mortem inspection techniques; 6.7.3 Visual meat inspection; Chapter 7 Risk-Based Meat Inspection; 7.1 Scope; 7.2 Introduction; 7.3 Risk-based meat inspection; 7.4 Visual-only post-mortem meat inspection; 7.5 Food chain information (FCI)

7.6 Monitoring of diseases by serology in the slaughterhouse

Sommario/riassunto

Meat inspection, meat hygiene and official control tasks in the slaughterhouse have always been of major importance in the meat industry, and are intimately related with animal diseases and animal welfare.  The history of meat inspection has largely been a success story. Huge steps have been taken over more than a century to prevent the transmission of pathogenic organisms and contagious diseases