Understanding prosody [[electronic resource] ] : the role of context, function and communication / / edited by Oliver Niebuhr

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910452868003321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Berlin ; ; Boston, : De Gruyter, 2012
• ISBN: 3-11-030146-6; 3-11-030147-4
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (344 p.)
• Collana: Language, Context and Cognition ; ; 13; Language, context, and cognition, , 1866-8313 ; ; v. 13
• Classificazione: EC 3080
• Altri autori (Persone): NiebuhrOliver
• Disciplina: 414
• Soggetti: Prosodic analysis (Linguistics); Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
• Nota di contenuto: Frontmatter -- Contents -- Preface -- Intrinsic coherence of prosodic and segmental aspects of speech / Xu, Yi / Liu, Fang -- Danish stød - Towards simpler structural principles? / Grønnum, Nina / Basbøll, Hans -- Prosodic allomorphs in the Estonian declension system / Lehiste, Ilse -- The application of the Fujisaki model in quantitative prosody research / Mixdorff, Hansjörg -- Rhythm classes and speech perception / Arvaniti, Amalia -- On the nature of perceptual differences between accentual peaks and plateaux / Barnes, Jonathan / Brugos, Alejna / Shattuck-Hufnagel, Stefanie / Veilleux, Nanette -- Regional varieties of Swedish: Models and synthesis / Schötz, Susanne / Bruce, Gösta / Beskow, Jonas / Gustafson, Joakim / Granström, Björn / Segerup, My -- Revisiting Southern and Central Swedish intonation from a comparative and functional perspective / Ambrazaitis, Gilbert / Frid, Johan / Bruce, Gösta -- Late pitch accents in hat and dip intonation patterns / Niebuhr, Oliver / Zellers, Margaret K. -- Perceptual evidence for contrast enhancement in tone-intonation interaction / Werth, Alexander -- Prosodies in conversation / Ogden, Richard -- Meter specific timing and prominence in German poetry and prose / Wagner, Petra -- Perceptual isochrony and fluency in speech by normal talkers under varying task demands / Dilley, Laura C. / Wallace, Jessica / Heffner, Christopher C. -- Fine phonetic detail in prosody. ; Cross-language differences need not inhibit communication / Andreeva, Bistra / Barry, William J. -- Now for something completely different: Anticipatory effects of intonation / Braun, Bettina / Chen, Aoju -- Short portraits of the authors -- Author index -- Subject index
• Sommario/riassunto: The volume represents a state-of-the-art snapshot of the research on prosody for phoneticians, linguists and speech technologists. It covers well-known models and languages. How are prosodies linked to speech sounds? What are the relations between prosody and grammar? What does speech perception tell us about prosody, particularly about the constituting elements of intonation and rhythm? The papers of the volume address questions like these with a special focus on how the notion of context-based coding, the knowledge of prosodic functions and the communicative embedding of prosodic elemen

Knee fractures / / Marc Hanschen, Peter Biberthaler, James P. Waddell, editors

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910510564703321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021]; ©2021
• ISBN: 3-030-81776-8
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (293 pages)
• Collana: Strategies in Fracture Treatments
• Disciplina: 617.582
• Soggetti: Knee - Fractures; Fractures; Malalties del genoll; Llibres electrònics
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Contents -- List of Editors -- List of Authors -- 1: Anatomy of the Knee -- 1.1 Anatomy of the Distal Femur -- 1.2 Anatomy of the Proximal Tibia -- 1.3 Anatomy of the Patella -- 1.4 Cartilage, Ligaments, Meniscus and Capsule of the Knee -- 1.4.1 Cartilage -- ; 1.4.2 Ligaments -- 1.4.2.1 Collateral Ligaments -- 1.4.2.2 Cruciate Ligaments -- 1.4.3 Meniscus -- 1.4.4 Capsule -- 1.5 Muscles, Nerves and Vessels of the Knee -- 1.5.1 Muscles -- 1.5.2 Vessels -- 1.5.3 Nerves -- 1.6 Functional Anatomy of the Knee -- References -- 2: Imaging Following Knee Injury -- 2.1 Plain Imaging -- 2.1.1 Introduction -- 2.1.2 Technique -- 2.1.2.1 Standard Views -- Knee Anteroposterior (AP) View -- Knee Lateral -- 2.1.2.2 Additionals -- Patella Axial View -- Tunnel View -- Oblique (Internal or External Rotation) -- 2.1.3 Examples and Catches to Avoid -- 2.2 Special Imaging -- 2.2.1 Introduction -- 2.2.2 Imaging Modalities -- 2.2.2.1 Computed Tomography (CT) -- 2.2.2.2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) -- 2.2.2.3 Ultrasound -- 2.2.2.4 Arthrography -- 2.2.3 Summary -- References -- 3: Epidemiology and Classification of Distal Femur Fractures -- 3.1 Epidemiology of Distal Femur Fractures -- 3.1.1 Distal Femur Fractures in the Elderly and Super-Elderly -- 3.1.2 Distal Femur Fractures in the Younger Adult Population -- 3.1.3 Pediatric Distal Femur Fractures -- 3.2 Classification -- 3.2.1 Classification of Fracture Pattern -- 3.2.1.1 Neer Classification -- 3.2.1.2 Seinsheimer Classification -- 3.2.1.3 AO/OTA Classification of Distal Femur Fractures -- 3.2.2 Classification of Soft Tissue Damage -- 3.2.2.1 Tscherne and Oestern Classification -- 3.2.2.2 Gustilo and Anderson Classification -- 3.2.3 Classification of Periprosthetic Fractures -- 3.2.3.1 Rorabeck Classification -- 3.2.3.2 Unified Classification System.; 3.2.4 Classification of Pediatric Fractures -- 3.2.4.1 Salter-Harris Classification for Distal Femoral Epiphyseal Fractures -- 3.2.4.2 AO Pediatric Comprehensive Classification of Long-Bone Fractures -- 3.3 Concomitant Injuries in High-Energy Trauma -- 3.3.1 Ipsilateral Injuries -- 3.3.2 Injuries in Other Body Regions -- References -- 4: Preoperative Planning in Distal Femur Fractures -- 4.1 Conservative Versus Surgical Treatment -- 4.1.1 Periprosthetic Fractures of the Distal Femur -- 4.2 Timing of Surgical Treatment -- 4.3 Preoperative Planning -- 4.3.1 Planning for Intramedullary Nailing of Distal Femoral Fractures -- 4.3.2 Planning for Intramedullary Nailing of Periprosthetic Distal Femoral Fractures -- 4.3.3 Planning for Internal Fixation of Distal Femoral Fractures -- 4.3.4 Planning for Internal Fixation of Periprosthetic Distal Femoral Fractures -- 4.3.5 Planning for Revision Arthroplasty of Periprosthetic Distal Femoral Fractures -- References -- 5: External Fixation of Distal Femur Fractures -- 5.1 Indications -- 5.2 Surgical Approach -- 5.2.1 Site of Placement of Schanz Screws -- 5.2.2 Angle of Placement -- 5.2.3 Plane of Placement -- 5.3 Case 'External Fixation of Distal Femur Fractures' -- References -- 6: Nail Osteosynthesis of Distal Femur Fractures -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Indications -- 6.3 Antegrade vs Retrograde Nailing -- 6.4 Retrograde Nailing Versus Locked Plating of Distal Femur Fractures -- 6.5 Surgical Approaches and Reduction Techniques -- 6.5.1 Reduction and Nail Insertion (Extra-articular Fractures) -- 6.5.2 Reduction and Nail Insertion (Intra-articular Fractures) -- 6.6 Postoperative Treatment -- 6.7 Conclusions -- References -- 7: Plate and Screw Osteosynthesis of Distal Femur Fractures -- 7.1 Indications for Plate and Screw Fixation of Distal Femur Fractures.; 7.2 Choice of Implants for the Plate and Screw Fixation of Distal Femur Fractures -- 7.2.1 Conventional Plate Fixation -- 7.2.2 Fixed-Angle Plate Fixation -- 7.2.3 Locked Plate Fixation -- 7.3 Surgical Approaches to the Distal Femur for Plate and Screw Fixation -- 7.3.1 Lateral Approach -- 7.3.2 Medial Approach -- 7.3.3 Posterior Approach -- 7.4 Postoperative Course and Follow-Up After Plate and Screw Fixation of Distal Femur Fractures -- 7.5 Clinical Case: Plate ; and Screw Fixation of a Distal Femur Fracture -- References -- 8: Epidemiology and Classification of Proximal Tibia Fractures -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Epidemiology of Proximal Tibia Fractures -- 8.3 Patterns and Classification of Proximal Tibia Fractures -- 8.3.1 Schatzker Classification [Ref. 9 and Fig. 8.1] -- 8.3.2 AO/OTA Classification [Ref. 10 and Fig. 8.2] -- 8.3.3 The Three-Column Classification [Ref. 11, 12 and Fig. 8.3] -- 8.4 Concomitant Injuries and Classification of Open Fractures of the Proximal Tibia -- 8.4.1 Concomitant Injuries -- 8.4.2 Classification of Open Fractures of the Proximal Tibia -- 8.4.2.1 Take-Home Message -- References -- 9: Preoperative Planning in Proximal Tibia Fractures -- 9.1 Conservative Versus Surgical Treatment -- 9.2 Timing of Surgical Treatment -- 9.3 Pre- and Perioperative Procedure -- References -- 10: External Fixation of Proximal Tibia Fractures -- 10.1 Indications -- 10.2 Surgical Approach -- 10.2.1 Fixateur Externe -- 10.2.2 Hybrid Fixator -- 10.2.3 Motion Fixator -- 10.2.4 Ring Fixator -- 10.3 Case: External Fixation of Proximal Tibia Fractures -- References -- 11: Nail Osteosynthesis of Proximal Tibia Fractures -- 11.1 Indications -- 11.2 Surgical Approach -- 11.2.1 Preoperative Planning, Equipment, and Patient Positioning -- 11.2.2 Approach and Nail Entry Point -- 11.2.3 Fracture Reduction.; 11.2.4 Reaming Process -- 11.2.5 Additional Fixation Tools -- 11.3 Subsequent Treatment and Follow-Up -- 11.4 Case: Reamed Intramedullary Nailing of Proximal Tibia Fractures (Figs. 11.1, 11.2 and 11.3) -- References -- 12: Plate and Screw Osteosynthesis of Proximal Tibia Fractures -- 12.1 Principal Considerations -- 12.2 Therapeutic Plan -- 12.3 Approaches -- 12.4 Placement -- 12.5 Reduction -- 12.6 Conclusion -- References -- 13: Epidemiology and Classification of Patella Fractures -- 13.1 Anatomy and Biomechanics -- 13.2 Etiology and Epidemiology of Patella Fractures -- 13.3 Fracture Patterns and Classification of Patella Fractures -- 13.4 Concomitant Injuries and Open Fractures of the Patella -- References -- 14: Preoperative Planning in Patella Fractures -- 14.1 Conservative Versus Surgical Treatment -- 14.2 Timing of Surgical Treatment -- 14.3 Preoperative Planning -- References -- 15: Wire, Screw and Plate Osteosynthesis of Patella Fractures -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Surgical Approach -- 15.3 Osteosynthesis Procedures -- 15.3.1 K-Wires and Tension Wiring -- 15.3.2 Screw Osteosynthesis -- 15.3.3 Plate Osteosynthesis -- 15.4 Augmentation Techniques -- 15.4.1 Alternative Materials for Cerclages and Tension Wiring -- 15.5 Partial Patellectomy and Total Patellectomy -- 15.6 Therapeutic Algorithm -- 15.7 Aftercare -- 15.8 Case Reports -- 15.8.1 Case 1 -- 15.8.2 Case 2 -- References -- 16: Periprosthetic Fractures Around the Knee -- 16.1 Epidemiology -- 16.2 Clinical Work-Up Following Periprosthetic Fractures Around the Knee -- 16.3 Classification of Periprosthetic Fractures Around the Knee -- 16.4 Therapy of Periprosthetic Fractures of the Distal Femur -- 16.5 Therapy of Periprosthetic Fractures of the Proximal Tibia -- 16.6 Therapy of Periprosthetic Fractures of the Patella.; 16.7 Risk Factors for Failure of Osteosynthesis Following Periprosthetic Fractures Around the Knee -- 16.8 Case Report -- References -- 17: Floating Knee -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Epidemiology -- 17.3 Classification -- 17.4 Outcome Measures -- 17.5 Emergency Management -- 17.6 Definitive Surgical Management -- 17.7 Fraser Type 1: Ipsilateral Femoral and Tibial Shaft Fractures -- 17.8 Fraser Type II (a-c): Intra-articular Fracture Patterns -- 17.9 Associated Intra-articular Soft Tissue Injuries -- 17.10 Predictors of Outcome -- 17.11 Case Study 1 -- 17.12 Case Study 2 -- 17.13 Conclusion -- ; References -- 18: Infected Nonunions Around the Knee -- 18.1 Evaluation of the Problem -- 18.1.1 Introduction -- 18.1.2 Risk Factors and Epidemiology of Infected Nonunion -- 18.1.3 Patient Factors -- 18.1.4 Pathophysiology of Fracture-Related Infection -- 18.1.5 Duration of Infection -- 18.2 Preoperative Planning -- 18.2.1 Diagnosis -- 18.2.2 Clinical Presentation -- 18.2.3 Laboratory Tests -- 18.2.4 Imaging -- 18.2.4.1 Plain Radiographs -- 18.2.4.2 Ultrasonography -- 18.2.4.3 Computer Tomography -- 18.2.4.4 Magnetic Resonance Imaging -- 18.2.4.5 Nuclear Imaging -- 18.2.5 Microbiological and Histological Diagnosis -- 18.2.6 Classification of Infected Nonunion -- 18.3 Infection and Reconstruction Management -- 18.3.1 General Principles of Management -- 18.3.2 Particular Challenges Faced in Infected Nonunion Around the Knee -- 18.3.3 Timing of Surgery in Established Infected Nonunion -- 18.3.4 Principles of Surgical Management of Infected Nonunion -- 18.3.4.1 Microbiological Sampling -- 18.3.4.2 Debridement -- 18.3.4.3 Dead Space Management -- 18.3.4.4 Stability -- External Fixation -- Internal Fixation -- 18.3.4.5 Soft-Tissue Cover -- 18.3.4.6 Systemic Antibiotic Therapy.; 18.3.5 Specific Surgical Techniques for Managing Bone Defects in Infected Nonunion.