1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910495252103321

Autore

Opriș Ioan

Titolo

Modern approaches to augmentation of brain function / / Ioan Opris, Mikhail A. Lebedev, Manuel F. Casanova

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer International Publishing, , [2021]

©2021

ISBN

3-030-54564-4

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (747 pages)

Collana

Contemporary Clinical Neuroscience

Disciplina

616.890072

Soggetti

Neurosciences - Research

Neurociències

Investigació mèdica

Llibres electrònics

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Nota di contenuto

Intro -- Foreword -- Preface -- Human Intellectual Capacity and Its Growth -- Modern Approaches to Brain Augmentation -- Part I: Stimulating the Brain -- Part II: Brain-Computer Interfaces -- Part III: Augmenting Cognitive Function -- Part IV: Futuristic Approaches to Augmentation -- Part V: Augmenting Behavior -- Part VI: Augmenting Cognition and Emotion -- Part VII: Pharmacological Augmentation -- Contents -- Part I: Stimulating the Brain -- Using Electrical Stimulation to Explore and Augment the Functions of Parietal-Frontal Cortical Networks in Primates -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Electrical Stimulation: A Selective and Brief History -- 3 The Action-Specific Parietal-Frontal Network of Primates -- 4 The Functions of the Action-Specific Domains in Primates -- 5 The Basal Ganglia: Further Steps in the Action Selection Hierarchy -- 6 Using Electrical Stimulation to Augment Action Selection -- References -- Spinal Cord Injury and Epidural Spinal Cord Stimulation -- 1 Introduction: Revisiting Low Expectations for Neurological Recovery After "Complete" SCI -- 2 Reinterpreting the Lack of Apparent Success of Drugs, Cell Transplants, and Biologics -- 2.1 Early Neuromodulation: Electrical Stimulation of Muscle to Restore Function -- 2.2 Spinal Cord Stimulation -- 3



Concepts that Supported the Testing of Epidural Stimulation for Recovery in SCI -- 3.1 Discomplete Spinal Cord Injury -- 3.2 Early ES Observations in SCI Subjects to Treat Spasticity -- 3.3 Neuroplasticity -- 3.4 The Emerging Understanding of Intraspinal Connectivity -- 3.5 Intraspinal Circuits for Reciprocating Activity -- 3.6 Spontaneous Locomotor Activity Observed After Chronic Human SCI -- 4 Epidural Electrical Stimulation, Spinal Cord Injury, and Locomotion -- 4.1 Locomotor Activity Resulting from Electrical Epidural Stimulation -- 4.2 Locomotor Training and Sensory Input.

4.3 Reported Effects of ES on Autonomic Functions -- 5 Transcutaneous Stimulation -- 6 Potential ES Synergies -- 7 The Essential Role of Spinal Cord Repair Research -- 8 Conclusions -- References -- Neurostimulator for Hippocampal Memory Prosthesis -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Design -- 2.1 Stimulation Pattern Generator Circuit -- 2.2 Stimulus Artifact Suppression Technique -- 2.3 Electrochemical Properties -- 2.4 System Architecture -- 2.5 Power Calculation -- 2.6 System Cost -- 3 Experimental Methods -- 3.1 Design Characterization -- 3.2 In Vivo Evaluation -- 4 Notes -- References -- Modern Approaches to Augmenting the Brain Functions -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Augmentation Approaches -- 2.1 Neuromodulation -- 2.2 Brain-Computer Interfaces -- 2.3 Futuristic Transfer of Brain Ability -- 3 Augmenting Brain Functions -- 3.1 Sensory Augmentation -- 3.2 Motor Augmentation -- 3.3 Augmentation of Cognition -- 3.4 Augmentation of Emotions -- 4 Clinical Applications -- 4.1 Autism -- 4.2 Depression -- 4.3 Alzheimer's Disease -- 4.4 Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) -- 4.5 Drug Addiction -- 4.6 Parkinson's Disease -- 4.7 Seizures -- 5 Technology for Brain Augmentation -- 5.1 Neural Engineering -- 5.2 Optogenetic Augmentation of Brain Function -- 5.3 Neural Nanotechnology -- 5.4 Neural Spintronics -- 5.5 Tools Advances Based on the Interaction with the Brain -- 5.6 Devices for Brain Augmentation -- 6 Ethical Issues -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Part II: Brain-Computer Interfaces -- Brain Machine Interfaces Within a Critical Perspective -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Roles in Cognition and Behavior -- 3 Sensory-Motor Functions -- 4 Ontological Criticalities -- 5 Interfacing With the Neural Code -- 6 Cascades of Complex Factors -- 7 Neuroprothesis and Historical Attempts -- 8 Conclusions -- References.

An Implantable Wireless Device for ECoG and Cortical Stimulation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminary Experience in Primates -- 3 Clinical Applications of Wireless ECoG: Preliminary Experience in Epilepsy Surgery -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- BCI Performance Improvement by Special Low Jitter Quasi-Steady-State VEP Paradigm -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials and Methods -- 2.1 Continuous Loop Averaging Deconvolution (CLAD) -- 2.2 Stimulator and Stimuli Design -- 2.3 EEG Recording and Signal Processing -- 2.4 Classification -- 3 Results -- 3.1 ANOVA Results -- 3.2 SSVEP Vs. QSS-VEP Comparison -- 4 Discussions -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Communication with Brain-Computer Interfaces in Medical Decision-Making -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Decoding and Communicating -- 3 Extracortical and Intracortical BCIs for Communication -- 4 Ethical Issues in BCI-Based Communication -- 5 A Case Study -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Part III: Augmenting Cognitive Function -- Neuroprotection and Neurocognitive Augmentation by Photobiomodulation -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Part 1: Animal Studies-Prevention of Neurodegeneration and Behavioral Deficits by Photobiomodulation -- 2.1 Objectives of Animal Studies of Neuroprotection by Photobiomodulation -- 2.2 Significance



of Animal Studies of Neuroprotection by Photobiomodulation -- 2.3 Cytochrome Oxidase as a Molecular Target of Photobiomodulation -- 2.4 In Vitro Neuroprotective Effects of Cytochrome Oxidase Stimulation by Photobiomodulation -- 2.5 In Vivo Light Delivery and Dosing Considerations -- 2.6 Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Disorders and Therapeutic Role of Photobiomodulation -- 2.7 Photobiomodulation Prevents Impairment of Visual Function in a Rat Model of Optic Neuropathy Induced by Mitochondrial Dysfunction -- 2.8 Photobiomodulation Prevents Structural Retinal Damage in the Model of Optic Neuropathy.

2.9 Protective Effects of Photobiomodulation Are Not Related to Photodegradation of Rotenone -- 2.10 Preservation of Visual Function and Retinal Structure Are Not Mediated by Isoflurane Exposure -- 2.11 Photobiomodulation Prevents Decreases in Cell Respiration in Brain Homogenates In Vitro -- 2.12 Photobiomodulation Increases Brain Antioxidant Capacity in a Dose-Response Manner In Vivo -- 2.13 A Single Dose of Photobiomodulation Enhances Brain Cytochrome Oxidase Activity in a Hormetic Fashion In Vivo -- 2.14 Fractionated Photobiomodulation Increases Brain Cytochrome Oxidase Activity in a Dose-Response Manner In Vivo -- 3 Part 2: Human Studies-Augmentation of Neurocognitive Functions by Photobiomodulation -- 3.1 Introduction and Objectives of the Human Studies -- 3.2 Significance of Human Cognitive Enhancement by Photobiomodulation -- 3.3 Cytochrome Oxidase as Molecular Target for Human Cognitive Enhancement -- 3.4 Need to Investigate How TILS Affects Human Neurocognitive Function -- 3.5 Overview of Our Approach for Human Cognitive Enhancement by Photobiomodulation -- 3.6 Cognitive-Enhancing Effects of TILS of the Human Prefrontal Cortex -- 3.6.1 Cognitive Benefits of TILS in Older Participants -- 3.7 Neurophysiological Effects of TILS of the Human Prefrontal Cortex -- 4 Conclusions -- References -- Avoiding Partial Sleep: The Way for Augmentation of Brain Function -- 1 Sleep and "Human Factor" -- 2 Peculiarities of Sleep Deprivation Effects -- 3 Modern Theories of Sleep -- 4 Phenomenon of Partial (Local) Sleep -- 5 Partial Sleep and Cognitive Impairments After Sleep Deprivation -- 6 Whether Cortical EEG Reflects Peculiarity of Brain Activity in Wakefulness and Sleep, or Just Pattern of the Cortical Afferent Flow? -- 7 Which Signals Could Provide Periodic and Synchronous Afferentation During Sleep?.

8 Experimental Validation of the Visceral Hypothesis of Sleep -- 9 The Visceral Sleep Theory and Observations of "Slow-Wave" Activity in the Cortical Slabs and Slices -- 10 The Pathways for the Visceral Afferentation to the Cerebral Cortex During Sleep -- 11 K-Complexes and Visceral Afferentation, Use Dependency, and Sleep Homeostasis -- 12 Mechanism of Sleep Initiation and Features of Local Sleep -- 13 Conclusion -- References -- Augmentation of Brain Functions by Nanotechnology -- 1 Nanotechnologies in Neuroscience -- 2 Nanoparticles -- 3 Nanoparticle Formulations in the Diagnosis and Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease -- 4 Multimodal Nanoparticles Labeling of Neurons -- 4.1 Quantum Dots -- 5 Nanoparticle-Based Therapeutics for Brain Injury -- 6 Nanotherapeutic Approaches -- 6.1 Exosomes as a Communication Tool -- 7 Overcoming BBB to Treat Neurodegenerative Diseases -- 8 Neuromodulation of the Brain -- 9 Noninvasive Neuromodulation by Magneto-Electric Nanoparticles -- 10 Nanoelectrical and Chemical Stimulation -- 11 Neuroengineering -- 12 Sensors -- 12.1 Magnetic Tunneling Junctions Sensor -- 12.2 Optical Probes for Neurobiological Sensing and Imaging -- 13 Biosensors -- 14 Neuronal Recording -- 15 Multisite Attenuated Intracellular



Recordings by Extracellular Multielectrode Arrays -- 16 Interface Microelectrodes for Ultrasensitive Monitoring of Alzheimer's Disease -- 17 Resistive Memory Devices -- 18 Brain-Machine Interfaces -- 19 Conclusion -- 20 Future Directions -- References -- The Impact of Aging and Age-Related Comorbidities on Stroke Outcome in Animal Models and Humans -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Risk of Cerebral Ischemia Increases with Age -- 3 Cerebral Ischemia and Comorbidities -- 4 Stroke Models Using Aged Animals Are Clinically More Relevant -- 5 Age-Dependent Recovery from Cerebral Ischemia.

6 Spontaneous Stroke Recovery in Aged Patients and Animals.

2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910790495203321

Titolo

The right to privacy in the light of media convergence [[electronic resource] ] : perspectives from three continents / / edited by Dieter Dörr and Russell L. Weaver

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Berlin ; ; Boston, : De Gruyter, c2012

ISBN

1-283-85788-X

3-11-027615-1

3-11-027616-X

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (396 p.)

Collana

Media convergence = Medienkonvergenz, , 2194-0150 ; ; v., Bd. 3

Classificazione

AP 18800

Altri autori (Persone)

DörrDieter

WeaverRussell L. <1952->

Disciplina

343.099

Soggetti

Privacy, Right of

Mass media - Law and legislation

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references.

Nota di contenuto

Front matter -- Table of Contents -- About the authors -- Protecting Privacy in a Digital Age / Weaver, Russell L. / Partlett, David F. / Cole, Mark D. -- Is The Right to Privacy Real? / Loewy, Arnold H. -- Taking Privacy Seriously under the Fourth Amendment / Bradley, Craig M. -- Privacy Rights: The Virtue of Protecting False Reputations / Humbach, John A. -- Politics, Privacy and the Public Interest: A Case Study from Australia / Rolph, David -- Privacy and Press Intrusions: New Media,



Old Law / Mills, Jon L. -- A Never Ending Story: Caroline v. Germany / Dörr, Dieter / Aernecke, Eva -- The French Privacy Law / Mbongo, Pascal -- Arrest Records and the Right to Know / Etienne, Margareth -- Using Open Government to Gain a Competitive Edge / Cheesbro, Benjamin W. -- Gain-Based Relief for Invasion of Privacy / Harder, Sirko -- Breach of Confidence Claims under English and European Private International Law / Oster, Jan -- "Confidence-Plus" and Human Rights / Tettenborn, Andrew -- How should an Australian Statutory Cause of Action Protecting Privacy be framed? / Witzleb, Normann -- Tort Privacy and Free Speech / Richards, Neil M. -- Anonymity, Pseudonymity & Online Privacy / Hetcher, Steven -- Net Negligence / Cardi, W. Jonathan -- Digital Eternity or Digital Oblivion / Lindsay, David -- Secrecy, Privacy, Publicity, Transparency / Keber, Tobias O. -- Data Protection - is there a bridge across the Atlantic? / Schiedermair, Stephanie -- European Information Systems and Data Protection as Elements of the European Administrative Union / Schneider, Jens-Peter

Sommario/riassunto

The rapid change of the culture of communication constantly poses new threats for the right to privacy. These do not only emanate from States, but also from private actors. The global network of digital information has turned the protection of privacy since a long time into an international challenge. In this arena, national legal systems and their underlying common values collide. This collection convenes contributions from European, Australian and US experts. They take on the challenge of providing an intercontinental analysis of the issue and answer the question how the right to privacy cou