1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910495210203321

Titolo

The rights of unaccompanied minors : perspectives and case studies on migrant children / / edited by Yvonne Vissing and Sofia Leitão

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021]

©2021

ISBN

3-030-75594-0

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (332 pages)

Collana

Clinical Sociology: Research and Practice

Disciplina

305.23086912

Soggetti

Unaccompanied refugee children

Unaccompanied immigrant children

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Includes index.

Nota di contenuto

Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Clinical Sociology and Its Application to Analysis of Unaccompanied Children -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Bigger Picture -- 3 The Clinical Sociology Approach -- 4 Resilience in Unaccompanied Children -- 5 Reasons for Being an Unaccompanied Child -- 6 Challenges Experienced by Unaccompanied Children and Benefit of the UNCRC -- 7 The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child -- 8 Organizational and Provider Responses -- 9 Summary -- References -- A World Society Analysis of the Rights of Unaccompanied Minors -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Current Situation -- 2.1 Clinical Sociology -- 2.2 World Society Approach -- 3 Current Challenges Unaccompanied Children Face -- 3.1 International Treaties -- 3.2 General Comments -- 3.3 UN Guidelines -- 4 Interventions and Resources -- 4.1 Laws -- 4.2 Programs and Resources -- 4.3 Persistent Gaps -- 5 Relevance of a Clinical Sociology Approach -- 6 Relevance of the UNCRC -- 7 Summary and Recommendations -- References -- UN Treaties and Documents -- International State Responsibility Obligations to Protect and Provide Access to Justice for the Asylum-Seeking Child: The CRC ... -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Sociological and Legal Approach (Socio-legal) -- 1.2 The Unaccompanied Child´s Legal Standing -- 1.3 Protracted Refugee Status -- 1.4 The Proffered Protection Framework -- 2 History of the Issue/Problem -- 2.1 Literary Presence -- 2.2 The Law -- 3



Current Situation: Case Study -- 3.1 Border Case Study, #1, Bangladesh/Myanmar, ASEAN Charter States -- 3.1.1 Association of Southeast Nations (ASEAN) -- 3.2 Myanmar -- 3.3 Bangladesh -- 3.4 Border Case, #2, Republic of Côte d´Ivoire, the Ivory Coast of Africa -- 3.5 Côte d´Ivoire Refugees in Liberia -- 3.6 Case Study, #2, Australia/Oceania sub-region -- 3.7 Border Case #4, the United States/Mexico Border.

4 Challenges Unaccompanied Youth Face -- 4.1 The Legal Empowerment Challenge -- 4.2 Embedded Legal Empowerment -- 4.3 The CRC and the OPSC -- 4.4 ASEAN and Forced Migration -- 5 Relevance of a Clinical Sociological Approach -- 5.1 The Sociological Approach -- 5.2 Case Study Societal Constructs -- 5.3 Clinical Sociological Approach and Forced Migration -- 6 Relevance of the CRC -- 6.1 The CRC and the Committee on the Rights of the Child General Comments -- 6.2 Optional Protocol on the Sale of Children, Child Prostitution, and Child Pornography (OPSC) -- 7 Summary/Recommendations -- References -- Refugees and Migrant Children in Europe -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Child from Antiquity to the XXI Century -- 3 The Child and His or Her Rights as Set Out in International Instruments -- 3.1 The United Nations International Children´s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) -- 3.2 The Convention on the Rights of the Child -- 4 The 2030 Agenda of Sustainable Development Objectives by the United Nations General Assembly -- 5 The (Un)visible Reality of Refugees and Minor and/or Unaccompanied Migrants in the European Union -- 6 The UN Global Pact for Migration and the Imperative Safeguarding of Children in Transit -- 7 Final Considerations -- References -- Unaccompanied Foreign Minors and Asylum Seekers Under Italian Law: The Issue of Minors Attaining Majority -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Notion of Unaccompanied Foreign Minor in Italian Law -- 3 Rights and Equal Treatment -- 4 The Proceeding Required in Order to Identify a Person and Establish His or Her Age -- 5 UFMs´ First and Second Acceptance -- 6 Familiar Investigation and Voluntary Assisted Repatriation -- 7 Permits for UFMs -- 8 Conclusions: The Coming of Age as a Critical Junction -- References -- Reviews and Gazettes -- Unaccompanied Minors Seeking Asylum in Denmark: Best Interest, Crime Prevention or Immigration Policy?.

1 Introduction -- 2 Historic Perspective: Public Focus on Placement of Children Seeking Refugee Status -- 3 Current Situation -- 3.1 Rights for the Children When Entering Denmark -- 3.2 Parental Protection and Care? -- 3.3 Regulation of the Place Where the Child Is Staying -- 3.3.1 Protection of the Child -- 3.3.2 The Purpose of the Stay at the Institution -- 4 Challenges Unaccompanied Youth Face -- 5 Relevance of the Clinical Sociological Approach -- 6 Relevance of the UNCRC -- 6.1 The Danish Understanding of International Law -- 6.2 Does the Best Interest Principle Apply in Danish Immigration and Asylum Law? -- 7 How to Use the Best Interest Principle to Improve the Rights of Asylum-Seeking Children -- 8 Summary and Recommendations -- References -- The Right to Education of Unaccompanied Minors and the Persistence of an Education Gap in their Transition to Adulthood -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Right to Education and the Right in Education of Asylum Seekers and Unaccompanied Foreign Minors -- 3 The Right to Education and the Multidimensional Assumption of Responsibility for Unaccompanied Minors in Italy -- 4 The Persistence of an Education Gap in the Transition of Unaccompanied Minors to Adulthood -- References -- Voluntary Guardianship for Unaccompanied Children in Italy: Strengths and Weaknesses of a New Model -- 1 Introduction -- 2 The Strengths of Voluntary Guardianship -- 3 The Weaknesses -- 3.1



The Novelty of the Role -- 3.2 The Need for Training and Support and the Lack of Adequate Resources -- 4 Strategies for the Future -- References -- Detention of Unaccompanied Migrant Children in Portugal: A Call for a Clinical Sociology Intervention -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Context: Portugal as a Recent ``Immigration´´ Country -- 3 Current Legal Framework -- 3.1 International Standards on Detention of Migrant Children.

3.2 Domestic Legal Standards on the Detention of Unaccompanied Migrant Children -- 3.2.1 The Status of Unaccompanied Migrant Children Under the Portuguese Domestic Law -- 3.2.2 Legal Permission for Detaining Migrant Children Under Portuguese Law -- 3.2.3 Material Detention Conditions Under Portuguese Law -- 4 Challenges Faced by Unaccompanied Minors: The Law in ``Practice´´ -- 4.1 Migrant Children as ``Double Vulnerable´´ Persons -- 4.2 The Practice of Detention of Unaccompanied Migrant Children in Portugal -- 4.2.1 The Systematic Detention of Accompanied Children and the Uncertainty of the Unaccompanied Children Treatment -- 4.2.2 Material Reception and Detention Condition -- 4.2.3 Especially Vulnerable Children -- 5 The Advantages of a Clinical Sociology Intervention -- 6 The CRC as the Guiding Instrument -- 6.1 Provision of Rights to Children -- 6.2 Protection of Children -- 6.3 Child Participation -- 7 Towards an End of Migration-Based Child Detention? -- 8 Summary/Recommendations -- References -- Unaccompanied Children at the US-Mexico Border -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Legislative History of the Issue -- 3 The Numbers -- 4 Life in Home Countries -- 4.1 The Journey -- 5 Border Processing -- 5.1 Multi-organizational Processing of Unaccompanied Children -- 5.2 Lack of Legal Representation -- 5.3 Unaccompanied Through Separation -- 5.4 Detainment -- 5.5 Maltreatment as a Normal Condition for Detained Children? -- 5.6 Foster Care and Adoption Placements -- 5.6.1 Foster Care -- 5.6.2 Adoption -- 6 Detainment and Profit-Making -- 6.1 COVID, Border Children and Financial Exploitation -- 7 Short and Long Term Effects -- 8 A Child-Rights Perspective -- 9 Benefits of a Clinical Sociology Approach -- 10 Summary -- References -- Hope for Refugees: Challenges in Reception and Integration of Unaccompanied Venezuelan Children in Brazil.

1 Introduction: Venezuelan Migratory Crisis in Brazil-The Challenge of Unaccompanied Minors -- 2 Definition, Legislation and the Profile of Venezuelan Minors in Special Migratory Difficulties in the Brazilian Context -- 3 Challenges in the Reception, Protection and Accommodation of Unaccompanied Venezuelan Minors -- 4 The Challenge of Institutional Reception in the Protection of Unaccompanied Children and Adolescents: Roraima´s Case -- 5 Clinical Sociological Approach: An Ally in the Integration and Monitoring of the Venezuelan Unaccompanied Minors in Brazil -- 6 The Role of the Committee on the Rights of the Child in Guaranteeing Rights to Minors in Special Migratory Situation in Braz... -- 7 Conclusion: Insufficient Protection and Unsolved Problem of Unaccompanied Minors in Brazil-Some Recommendations -- References -- Ageing Out of Care Towards Living a Self-determined Life: A Multidisciplinary Mentoring Model for Unaccompanied Care Leavers -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Unaccompanied Children and Emerging Adulthood -- 3 The Status of Unaccompanied Children in Cyprus -- 4 The Transitioning to Adulthood -- 5 From Care to Where? The Lack of a Supportive Ageing-Out Mechanism -- 5.1 Limited or Absence of Support for the Upcoming Emancipation -- 5.2 General Standards and a One-Size-Fits-All Approach -- 5.3 Lack of Training for Care Professionals and the Legal Guardian as an Abstract Figure -- 5.4 Inefficient State Support Outside of Residential Care -- 5.5 The Paradox of Overprotection -- 5.6 Not Mirroring a Family



Setting -- 6 Positive Efforts Towards the Right Direction -- 7 The Mentoring Integration Programme -- 8 Mentoring as a Framework for Redesigning State Care: A Clinical Sociology Perspective -- 9 Awareness and Empowerment Through Rights and Responsibilities: Relevance to the Convention of the Rights of the Child -- 10 Lesson Learned and Taking Action.

11 Reflections on the Perceptions, Fears, and Hopes of an Unaccompanied Child.