1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910494563103321

Autore

Scitovski Rudolf

Titolo

Cluster Analysis and Applications / / by Rudolf Scitovski, Kristian Sabo, Francisco Martínez-Álvarez, Šime Ungar

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2021

ISBN

3-030-74552-X

Edizione

[1st ed. 2021.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (277 pages)

Collana

Computer Science Series

Disciplina

519.53

Soggetti

Artificial intelligence - Data processing

Computer science

Pattern recognition systems

Artificial intelligence

Algorithms

Machine learning

Data Science

Theory and Algorithms for Application Domains

Automated Pattern Recognition

Artificial Intelligence

Design and Analysis of Algorithms

Machine Learning

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

1 -- Introduction. 2 Representatives -- 2.1 Representative of data sets with one feature. 2.1.1. Best LS-representative -- 2.1.2 Best `1-representative -- 2.1.3 Best representative of weighted data -- 2.1.4 Bregman divergences -- 2.2 Representative of data sets with two features -- 2.2.1 Fermat–Torricelli–Weber problem -- 2.2.2 Centroid of a set in the plane -- 2.2.3 Median of a set in the plane -- 2.2.4 Geometric median of a set in the plane -- 2.3 Representative of data sets with several features -- 2.3.1 Representative of weighted data -- 2.4 Representative of periodic data -- 2.4.1 Representative of data on the unit circle -- 2.4.2 Burn diagram -- 3 Data clustering -- 3.1



Optimal k-partition -- 3.1.1 Minimal distance principle and Voronoi diagram -- 3.1.2 k-means algorithm -- 3.2 Clustering data with one feature -- 3.2.1 Application of the LS-distance-like function -- 3.2.2 The dual problem -- 3.2.3 Least absolute deviation principle -- 3.2.4 Clustering weighted data -- 3.3 Clustering data with two or several features -- 3.3.1 Least squares principle -- 3.3.2 The dual problem -- 3.3.3 Least absolute deviation principle -- 3.4 Objective function F(c1, . . . , ck) = Pm i=1 min 1≤j≤k d(cj , ai) -- 4 Searching for an optimal partition -- 4.1 Solving the global optimization problem directly -- 4.2 k-means algorithm II -- 4.2.1 Objective function F using the membership matrix -- 4.2.2 Coordinate Descent Algorithms -- 4.2.3 Standard k-means algorithm -- 4.2.4 k-means algorithm with multiple activations -- 4.3 Incremental algorithm -- 4.4 Hierarchical algorithms -- 4.4.1 Introduction and motivation -- 4.4.2 Applying the Least Squares Principle. 4.5 DBSCAN method -- 4.5.1 Parameters MinPts and 97 4.5.2 DBSCAN algorithm -- 4.5.3 Numerical examples -- 5 Indexes -- 5.1 Choosing a partition with the most appropriate number of clusters -- 5.1.1 Calinski–Harabasz index -- 5.1.2 Davies–Bouldin index -- 5.1.3 Silhouette Width Criterion -- 5.1.4 Dunn index -- 5.2 Comparing two partitions -- 5.2.1 Rand index of two partitions -- 5.2.2 Application of the Hausdorff distance -- 6 Mahalanobis data clustering -- 6.1 Total least squares line in the plane. 6.2 Mahalanobis distance-like function in the plane -- 6.3 Mahalanobis distance induced by a set in the plane -- 6.3.1 Mahalanobis distance induced by a set of points in R n -- 6.4 Methods to search for optimal partition with ellipsoidal clusters -- 6.4.1 Mahalanobis k-means algorithm 139 CONTENTS v -- 6.4.2 Mahalanobis incremental algorithm -- 6.4.3 Expectation Maximization algorithm for Gaussian mixtures -- 6.4.4 Expectation Maximization algorithm for normalized Gaussian mixtures and Mahalanobis k-means algorithm -- 6.5 Choosing partition with the most appropriate number of ellipsoidal clusters -- 7 Fuzzy clustering problem -- 7.1 Determining membership functions and centers -- 7.1.1 Membership functions. 7.1.2 Centers -- 7.2 Searching for an optimal fuzzy partition with spherical clusters -- 7.2.1 Fuzzy c-means algorithm -- 7.2.2 Fuzzy incremental clustering algorithm (FInc) -- 7.2.3 Choosing the most appropriate number of clusters -- 7.3 Methods to search for an optimal fuzzy partition with ellipsoidal clusters -- 7.3.1 Gustafson–Kessel c-means algorithm -- 7.3.2 Mahalanobis fuzzy incremental algorithm (MFInc) -- 7.3.3 Choosing the most appropriate number of clusters -- 7.4 Fuzzy variant of the Rand index -- 7.4.1 Applications -- 8 Applications -- 8.1 Multiple geometric objects detection problem and applications -- 8.1.1 Multiple circles detection problem -- 8.1.2 Multiple ellipses detection problem -- 8.1.3 Multiple generalized circles detection problem -- 8.1.4 Multiple lines detection problem -- 8.1.5 Solving MGOD-problem by using the RANSAC method -- 8.2 Determining seismic zones in an area -- 8.2.1 Searching for seismic zones -- 8.2.2 The absolute time of an event -- 8.2.3 The analysis of earthquakes in one zone -- 8.2.4 The wider area of the Iberian Peninsula -- 8.2.5 The wider area of the Republic of Croatia -- 8.3 Temperature fluctuations -- 8.3.1 Identifying temperature seasons -- 8.4 Mathematics and politics: How to determine optimal constituencies? -- 8.4.1 Mathematical model and the algorithm -- 8.4.2 Defining constituencies in the Republic of Croatia -- 8.4.3 Optimizing the number of constituencies -- 8.5 Iris -- 8.6 Reproduction of Escherichia coli. 9 Modules and the data sets -- 9.1 Functions -- 9.2 Algorithms -- 9.3 Data generating -- 9.4 Test examples -- 9.5 Data sets -- Bibliography -- Index.

Sommario/riassunto

With the development of Big Data platforms for managing massive



amount of data and wide availability of tools for processing these data, the biggest limitation is the lack of trained experts who are qualified to process and interpret the results. This textbook is intended for graduate students and experts using methods of cluster analysis and applications in various fields. With clear explanations of ideas and precise definitions of notions, accompanied by numerous examples and exercises together with Mathematica programs and modules, Cluster Analysis and Applications is meant for students and researchers in various disciplines, working in data analysis or data science.

2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910520080603321

Titolo

Hybrid Quantum Systems / / edited by Yoshiro Hirayama, Koji Ishibashi, Kae Nemoto

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Singapore : , : Springer Nature Singapore : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2021

ISBN

981-16-6679-2

Edizione

[1st ed. 2021.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (352 pages)

Collana

Quantum Science and Technology, , 2364-9062

Disciplina

530.12011

Soggetti

Quantum theory

Quantum optics

Spintronics

Quantum statistics

Quantum Physics

Quantum Optics

Quantum Gases and Condensates

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references.

Nota di contenuto

Quantum hybrid sensor by NV centers in diamond -- Magnetic Field Sensing using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers in Diamond -- Wide-field imaging using ensembles of NV centers in diamond -- Collective behaviour in hybrid quantum systems -- Rare earth “non-spin-bath” crystals for hybrid quantum coupling -- Electron spin resonances detected by superconducting circuits -- Quantum information and



technologies with spin-based hybrid systems -- Spins in silicon field-effect transistors -- Ge/Si core-shell nanowires for hybrid quantum systems -- Photonic quantum interfaces among different physical systems -- Hybrid quantum system of photons and nuclear spins of fermionic neutral atoms in a tunable optical lattice -- Phonon-electron-nuclear spin hybrid systems in an electromechanical resonator -- Cavity Quantum Electrodynamics with Laser-Cooled Atoms and Optical Nanofibers -- Robust quantum sensing -- Transferring quantum information in hybrid quantum systems consisting of a quantum system with limited control and aquantum computer.

Sommario/riassunto

This book presents state-of-the-art research on quantum hybridization, manipulation, and measurement in the context of hybrid quantum systems. It covers a broad range of experimental and theoretical topics relevant to quantum hybridization, manipulation, and measurement technologies, including a magnetic field sensor based on spin qubits in diamond NV centers, coherently coupled superconductor qubits, novel coherent couplings between electron and nuclear spin, photons and phonons, and coherent coupling of atoms and photons. Each topic is concisely described by an expert at the forefront of the field, helping readers quickly catch up on the latest advances in fundamental sciences and technologies of hybrid quantum systems, while also providing an essential overview.