Endoscopic Ultrasound Management of Pancreatic Lesions : From Diagnosis to Therapy / / edited by Antonio Facciorusso, Nicola Muscatiello

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910484964103321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2021
• ISBN: 3-030-71937-5
• Edizione: [1st ed. 2021.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (235 pages)
• Collana: Medicine Series
• Disciplina: 616.3707543
• Soggetti: Gastroenterology; Oncology; Cancer - Treatment; Radiology; Cancer Therapy; Malalties del pàncrees; Endoscòpia; Llibres electrònics
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Foreword -- Contents -- 1: Overview of Pancreatic Masses and Cystic Lesions -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Epidemiological Aspects -- 1.3 Clinical Presentation -- 1.3.1 Pain -- 1.3.2 Jaundice -- 1.3.3 Weight Loss -- 1.3.4 Diabetes -- 1.3.5 Nausea and Vomiting -- 1.3.6 Signs of Malignant Transformation of Cystic Pancreatic Neoplasms -- 1.4 Genetic Mutations and Laboratory Markers -- 1.5 Imaging: What the Clinician Should Know? -- 1.5.1 Transabdominal Ultrasound (US) -- 1.5.2 Computed Tomography (CT) -- 1.5.3 Endoscopic Ultrasound and Tissue Acquisition -- 1.5.4 MRI with MR Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) -- 1.6 Treatment and Follow-Up of Patients with Solid and Cystic Lesions of the Pancreas -- 1.7 Conclusions -- References -- 2: Overview on Inflammatory Pancreatic Fluid Collection -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.1.1 APFCs -- 2.1.2 ANCs -- 2.1.3 Pancreatic Pseudocysts -- 2.1.4 WONs -- 2.2 Conclusions -- ; References -- 3: Contrast-Enhanced Endoscopic Ultrasound and Endoscopic Ultrasound Elastography -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Contrast-Enhanced Harmonic Endoscopic Ultrasound (CH-EUS) -- 3.2.1 CH-EUS: How to Do It? -- 3.2.2 CH-EUS Features of Solid Pancreatic Masses -- 3.2.2.1 Pancreatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia (PanIN) -- 3.2.2.2 Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma -- 3.2.2.3 Neuroendocrine Tumor (NET) -- 3.2.2.4 Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor (SPN) -- 3.2.2.5 Metastases -- 3.2.2.6 Acute Pancreatitis -- 3.2.2.7 Chronic Pancreatitis -- 3.2.2.8 Autoimmune Pancreatitis -- 3.2.2.9 Lymph Nodes -- 3.2.2.10 Lymphoma -- 3.2.2.11 Pancreatoblastoma -- 3.2.2.12 Schwannoma -- 3.2.2.13 Lipoma -- 3.2.2.14 Perivascular Epithelioid Cell Tumor (PEComa) -- 3.2.3 CH-EUS Features of Cystic Pancreatic Masses -- 3.2.3.1 Simple Pancreatic Cysts and Pseudocysts -- 3.2.3.2 Intraductal Papillary Neoplasms (IPMN).; 3.2.3.3 Mucinous Cystic Neoplasms (Cystadenoma and Cystadenocarcinoma) -- 3.2.3.4 Serous Cystadenoma -- 3.2.4 CH-EUS-Guided Tissue Sampling -- 3.3 Endoscopic Ultrasound Elastography (EUS-E) -- 3.3.1 EUS-E: How to Do It? -- 3.3.2 EUS-E Features of Solid Pancreatic Masses -- 3.3.2.1 Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma -- 3.3.2.2 Neuroendocrine Tumor -- 3.3.2.3 Solid Pseudopapillary Tumor -- 3.3.2.4 Metastases -- 3.3.2.5 Acute Pancreatitis -- 3.3.2.6 Chronic Pancreatitis -- 3.3.2.7 Autoimmune Pancreatitis -- 3.3.2.8 Lymph Nodes -- 3.3.3 EUS-E Features of Cystic Pancreatic Masses -- 3.3.4 EUS-E-Guided Tissue Sampling -- 3.4 Conclusion -- References -- 4: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Tissue Acquisition of Solid Pancreatic Lesions -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 The "Standard" Technique for EUS-TA -- 4.3 How to Improve the EUS-TA Performance in Solid Pancreatic Lesions? -- 4.3.1 The Fanning Technique -- 4.3.2 Suction or Not -- 4.3.3 FNB vs. FNA -- 4.3.4 Needle Diameter -- 4.3.5 ROSE or MOSE? -- 4.3.6 Ancillary Techniques -- 4.3.7 Reducing Adverse Events -- 4.4 Conclusion -- References -- 5: Evidence-Based Assessment of Diagnostic Performance of Currently Available Needles and Techniques for EUS-Guided Tissue Acquisition -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 EUS-FNA -- 5.2.1 Needle Size -- 5.2.2 Suction -- 5.2.3 Stylet -- 5.2.4 ROSE -- 5.2.5 Fanning Technique -- 5.3 EUS-FNB -- 5.3.1 General Concepts -- 5.3.2 Comparative Effectiveness of Different FNB Needles -- 5.4 Pancreatic Cystic Lesions -- 5.5 Confocal Laser Endomicroscopy -- 5.6 Conclusions -- References -- 6: Role of EUS Sampling in Pancreatic Cystic Lesions -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Cytology of Cystic Fluid -- 6.3 Amylase -- 6.4 CEA -- 6.5 Glucose -- 6.6 Molecular Markers -- 6.7 Other Biomarkers -- 6.8 Conclusion -- References.; 7: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Drainage of Pancreatic Fluid Collections -- 7.1 Background -- 7.2 Indications of Drainage -- 7.3 Evaluation for Drainage -- 7.4 Equipment -- 7.4.1 Echoendoscope -- 7.4.2 Stents -- 7.4.3 Accessories -- 7.5 Technique -- 7.5.1 Drainage of Pseudocyst -- 7.5.2 Drainage of WOPN -- 7.6 Complications -- 7.7 Summary and Conclusion -- References -- 8: EUS-Guided Pancreatic Duct Drainage -- 8.1 Indications -- 8.1.1 Clinical Manifestations -- 8.1.2 Underlying Diagnoses -- 8.1.3 Underlying Anatomy of the Pancreatic Duct -- 8.2 Contraindications -- 8.2.1 Absolute -- 8.2.2 Relative -- 8.3 Preparation -- 8.4 Equipment and Devices -- 8.4.1 Equipment -- 8.4.2 Devices -- 8.5 Techniques -- 8.5.1 Rendezvous Pancreatic Duct Drainage -- 8.5.2 Antegrade (Transluminal) Pancreatic Duct Drainage -- 8.6 Stent Placement -- 8.7 Post-Procedure -- 8.8 Adverse Events -- 8.9 Follow-Up -- 8.10 Conclusion -- References -- 9: Lumen-Apposing Metal Stents: Innovation in the Management of Pancreatic Fluid Collections -- 9.1 ; Pancreatic Fluid Collections -- 9.1.1 History and Paradigm Change -- 9.2 Indications -- 9.2.1 Technique -- 9.2.2 Available Devices -- 9.3 Repeated Interventions and Necrosectomy -- 9.4 Adverse Events -- 9.4.1 Procedure Adverse Events -- 9.4.2 Delayed Adverse Events -- 9.4.3 Efficacy and Economic Considerations -- 9.5 The Future -- References -- 10: Endoscopic Pancreatic Necrosectomy -- References -- 11: Role of Endoscopic Ultrasound in Pancreatic Cancer Screening -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer -- 11.3 Pancreatic Screening Tools -- 11.4 Diagnostic Imaging Modalities for Pancreatic Cancer Screening -- 11.5 Screening and EUS -- 11.5.1 EUS in Patients with a Family History of Pancreatic Cancer.; 11.5.2 EUS in Pancreatic Cancer Associated with Inherited Cancer Syndrome (Mutation Carriers) -- 11.5.3 EUS in IPMN -- References -- 12: Endoscopic Ultrasound in Pancreatic Cancer Staging -- 12.1 EUS for Tumor Size Measurement -- 12.2 EUS Detection for Vascular Invasion -- 12.3 EUS for Lymph Node Detection -- 12.4 EUS-FNA -- 12.5 Peritoneal Tumor Dissemination or Malignant Ascites -- 12.6 Celiac Ganglia Metastasis Diagnosis -- 12.7 EUS-FNA in PC After Neoadjuvant Therapy -- 12.8 Limitations -- 12.9 Conclusion -- References -- 13: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fiducial Marker Placement for Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy (SBRT) of Pancreatic Cancer -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Role of Fiducial Placement in SBRT for Pancreatic Lesions -- 13.3 Methods of Fiducial Placement -- 13.4 Types of Fiducials for SBRT -- 13.5 Methods of Loading the Fiducial Needle -- 13.6 Optimal Location to Place Fiducials for SBRT -- 13.7 Technical Outcomes of Fiducial Insertion in Pancreatic Lesions -- 13.8 Complications of Fiducial Insertion -- 13.9 Conclusion -- References -- 14: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Therapies for Solid Pancreatic Tumors -- 14.1 Introduction -- 14.2 EUS-Guided Direct-Mode Ablation -- 14.2.1 EUS-Guided Radiofrequency Ablation -- 14.2.2 EUS-Guided Laser Ablation -- 14.2.3 EUS-Guided Cryotherm Ablation -- 14.2.4 EUS-Guided Ethanol Ablation -- 14.3 Local Ablation and Immunomodulation -- 14.4 EUS-Guided Indirect Mode Ablation -- 14.5 Conclusions -- References -- 15: Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Pancreatic Cysts Ablation -- 15.1 Introduction -- 15.2 Technique -- 15.3 Chemotherapy and Ethanol -- 15.4 Radiofrequency Ablation -- 15.5 Available Data -- 15.6 Conclusions -- References -- 16: Celiac Plexus Blockade/Neurolysis -- 16.1 Introduction -- 16.2 Relevant Anatomy -- 16.3 Technique.; 16.3.1 EUS-Guided Celiac Plexus Injection -- 16.3.2 EUS-Guided Celiac Ganglia Injection -- 16.3.3 EUS-Guided Broad Plexus Injection -- 16.4 Efficacy of EUS-Guided Celiac Neurolysis -- 16.4.1 Overall Efficacy -- 16.4.2 Plexus vs. Ganglia Injection -- 16.4.3 Plexus vs. Broad Plexus Neurolysis -- 16.4.4 Bilateral vs. Unilateral Injection -- 16.4.5 Volume of Injectate -- 16.4.6 Early Neurolysis -- 16.5 Efficacy of EUS-Guided Celiac Blockade -- 16.6 Adverse Events of Celiac Blockade/Neurolysis -- 16.7 Conclusion -- References -- 17: Interventional Endoscopic Ultrasound in Patients on Antithrombotic Therapy -- 17.1 Introduction -- 17.2 Risk of Bleeding in Patients on Antithrombotic Therapy: A Review of the Literature -- 17.3 Management of Antithrombotic Agents -- References -- 18: Sedation for Endoscopic Ultrasound -- 18.1 Introduction -- 18.2 Benzodiazepine -- 18.3 Opioid Analgesics -- 18.4 α2 Adrenergic Receptor Agonist -- 18.5 Propofol -- 18.6 Combination of Sedative Agents -- 18.7 Conclusion -- References -- 19: Quality Measures in Endoscopic Ultrasound -- 19.1 Introduction -- 19.2 Before Endoscopy -- 19.3 During Endoscopy -- 19.4 After Endoscopy -- References -- 20: Conclusive Remarks and New Perspectives -- 20.1 ; General Concepts -- 20.2 EUS-Guided Tissue Sampling -- 20.3 EUS-Guided Drainage of PFCs -- 20.4 Therapeutic Role of EUS in Pancreatic Cancer Patients -- 20.5 New Perspectives -- References.
• Sommario/riassunto: This book provides a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of current endoscopic ultrasound use in all aspects of pancreatology, from diagnosis to therapy, i.e., from tissue acquisition, with standard fine-needle aspiration and the newer biopsy needles, to less invasive techniques such as contrast-enhanced ultrasound and elastography. It also covers novel therapeutic strategies, with a particular focus on ablative treatments and lumen-apposing stents, and describes techniques developed by the editors, in particular combined celiac plexus neurolysis with pancreatic tumor ethanol ablation and elastography-guided fine-needle aspiration. All topics are developed by pursuing an evidence-based approach and several recent meta-analyses, the majority of which were published by the authors. Due to several recent advances in the field, endoscopic ultrasound has taken on a pivotal role in the diagnosis, staging, and treatment of pancreatic lesions; as such, the present volume offers an invaluable tool for staying abreast of the state-of-the-art in this field.