Ethnic politics in Europe [[electronic resource] ] : the power of norms and incentives / / Judith G. Kelley

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910791374803321
• Autore: Kelley Judith Green
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Princeton, N.J., : Princeton University Press, c2004
• ISBN: 1-283-51917-8; 9786613831620; 1-4008-3565-8
• Edizione: [Course Book]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (288 p.)
• Disciplina: 323.147
• Soggetti: International agencies - Europe, Eastern; International relations; Europe, Eastern Politics and government 1989-; Europe, Eastern Ethnic relations; Europe, Eastern Foreign relations
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (p. [243]-257) and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Theoretical framework -- Quantifying and exploring the data -- Latvia: overcoming opposition -- Estonia: reluctant cooperation -- Slovakia: the Meciar hurdle and beyond -- Romania: the long road -- Alternative explanations: Russia, Hungary, and democratic development.
• Sommario/riassunto: This detailed account of ethnic minority politics explains when and how European institutions successfully used norms and incentives to shape domestic policy toward ethnic minorities and why those measures sometimes failed. Going beyond traditional analyses, Kelley examines the pivotal engagement by the European Union, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, and the Council for Europe in the creation of such policies. Following language, education, and citizenship issues during the 1990's in Latvia, Estonia, Slovakia, and Romania, she shows how the combination of membership conditionality and norm-based diplomacy was surprisingly effective at overcoming even significant domestic opposition. However, she also finds that diplomacy alone, without the offer of membership, was ineffective unless domestic opposition to the proposed policies was ; quite limited. As one of the first systematic analyses of political rather than economic conditionality, the book illustrates under what conditions and through what mechanisms institutions influenced domestic policy in the decade, preparing the way for the historic enlargement of the European Union. This thoughtful and thorough discussion, based on case studies, quantitative analysis, and interviews with nearly one hundred policymakers and experts, tells an important story about how European organizations helped facilitate peaceful solutions to ethnic tensions--in sharp contrast to the ethnic bloodshed that occurred in the former Yugoslavia during this time. This book's simultaneous assessment of soft diplomacy and stricter conditionality advances a long overdue dialogue between proponents rational choice models and social constructivists. As political requirements increasingly become part of conditionality, it also provides keen policy insights for the strategic choices made by actors in international institutions.

Daniel McAlpine and The Bitter Pit / / by Douglas G. Parbery

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910484660803321
• Autore: Parbery Douglas G
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2015
• ISBN: 3-319-09552-8
• Edizione: [1st ed. 2015.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (263 p.)
• Disciplina: 5; 509; 570; 571.2
• Soggetti: History; Plant diseases; Plant physiology; Agriculture; Microbiology; Life sciences; History of Science; Plant Pathology; Plant Physiology; Life Sciences, general
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters.
• Nota di contenuto: PART ONE: THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PIONEER PHYTOPATHOLOGIST -- Scotland & England -- Highly Educated Non-Graduate -- Australia Felix -- Vegetable Pathologist -- Twenty Years of Plant Pathology in Australia -- International Recognition -- PART TWO:THE BITTER PIT INVESTIGATION -- Bitter Pit -- The Poison Theory -- A National Investigation -- The First Year 1911-1912 -- Serious Stumbling Blocks -- The Second Year's Work 1912-1913 -- The Third Years Work 1913-1914 -- The Fourth Year of the Investigation 1914-1915 -- The Fifth Year of the Investigation 1915-1916 -- Appraisal of McAlpine's Success -- Personal Interactions -- PART THREE: TWILIGHT OF THE GOD -- The Fruitless Years -- Re-establishment of a Reputation. .
• Sommario/riassunto: Part I consists of 6 chapters. The first three cover McAlpine's early education, work and influences which drew him into science. How Thomas Huxley and William Thislton-Dyer ignited his interest in biology and follows his achievements in Edinburgh including his remarkable teaching atlases and his remarkable ability a lecturer/educator, admired by his students in Edinburgh and Melbourne. Three more chapters review his impact on tertiary education in Australia, and his establishment as a renowned scientist in Australia. It explores his expertise in mycology and plant pathology and reasons for his rise to international prominence in the context of developments in Europe and Australia. Chapter 6 is a review of his 20 years as a plant pathologist, as he wrote it. Part II is based on previously unpublished documents that deal with an investigation of the cause and control of a devastating disease of apples, bitter pit. McAlpine was reluctantly drawn into leading it, largely unaware that the Government Botanist, Professor A.J. Ewart, was jealous of him and wanted to lead the investigation himself. Ewart weakened the faith of McAlpine's political masters in him who claimed he failed in not discovering the cause of bitter pit. We now know, that the vital information needed to understand the cause remained unknown to science until almost 25 years after McAlpine's death and the understanding of the cause took another 20 or more years. He retired under an ignominious cloud of ingratitude, deeply hurt and angered. Part III examines the impact of his loss of employment on him and the lost of potential benefit to plant pathology. The final chapter follows how a daughter worked for half a century with those who had first hand experience of McAlpine's ability, rigour and reliability in restoring his reputation to its rightful place.