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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910484308203321 |
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Autore |
Resnik David B. |
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Titolo |
Precautionary reasoning in environmental and public health policy / / David B. Resnik |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021] |
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©2021 |
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ISBN |
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3-030-70791-1 |
3030707911 |
9783030707910 |
3030707903 |
9783030707903 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (xviii, 334 pages) : illustrations |
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Collana |
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International library of bioethics ; ; Volume 86 |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Health risk assessment - Moral and ethical aspects |
Environmental health - Moral and ethical aspects |
Public health - Moral and ethical aspects |
Environmental risk assessment - Moral and ethical aspects |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Intro -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- 1 Precautionary Reasoning -- 1.1 The Precautionary Principle -- 1.2 Foundations of Precautionary Reasoning -- 1.3 The Plan for This Book -- References -- 2 Precautionary Reasoning and Decision Theory -- 2.1 Overview of Decision Theory -- 2.2 Decision-Making Under Ignorance -- 2.3 The Problem of Value Uncertainty -- 2.4 The Problem of Implausible Outcomes -- 2.5 Transitioning from Decision-Making Under Ignorance to Decision-Making Under Risk -- 2.6 Interpretations of Probability -- 2.7 Decision-Making Under Risk -- 2.8 Problems with Expected Utility Theory -- 2.9 Social Choice Theory -- 2.10 Reflections on Democracy -- 2.11 Conclusion -- References -- 3 Precautionary Reasoning and Moral Theory -- 3.1 What Are Moral Theories? -- 3.2 Utilitarianism -- 3.3 Kantianism -- 3.4 Virtue Ethics -- 3.5 Natural Law -- 3.6 Natural Rights -- 3.7 John Rawls' Theory of Justice -- 3.8 |
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Environmental Ethics -- 3.9 Feminist Ethics -- 3.10 Conclusion -- References -- 4 The Precautionary Principle -- 4.1 Some Background on the Precautionary Principle -- 4.2 Definitions of the Precautionary Principle -- 4.3 Criticism #1: The Precautionary Principle Is Vague -- 4.4 Criticism #2: The Precautionary Principle Is Incoherent -- 4.5 Reasonableness of Precautionary Measures -- 4.6 Criticism #3: The Precautionary Principle Is Opposed to Science, Technology, and Economic Development -- 4.7 Defining the Precautionary Principle -- 4.7.1 The Precautionary Principle, Decision Theory, and Moral Theory -- 4.8 Other Interpretations of the Precautionary Principle -- 4.9 Applying the Precautionary Principle -- 4.9.1 Case 1: Changing Jobs -- 4.9.2 Case 2: Autonomous Vehicles -- 4.10 Usefulness of the Precautionary Principle -- 4.11 Objections and Replies -- 4.12 Conclusion -- References. |
5 Precautionary Reasoning and the Precautionary Principle -- 5.1 Foundations of Precautionary Reasoning Redux -- 5.2 Individual Decisions -- 5.3 Decisions for Others -- 5.4 Social Choices -- 5.5 Arguments for Democracy -- 5.6 Problems with Democracy -- 5.7 Public, Stakeholder, and Community Engagement -- 5.8 Choosing Decision-Making Rules -- 5.9 Conclusion -- References -- 6 Chemical Regulation -- 6.1 Pharmaceuticals -- 6.2 Dietary Supplements -- 6.3 Alcohol and Tobacco -- 6.4 Pesticides -- 6.5 Toxic Substances -- 6.6 Air and Water Pollution -- 6.7 Chemicals in the Workplace -- 6.8 Precautionary Reasoning and Chemical Regulation -- 6.9 Regulation of Toxic Substances -- 6.10 Regulation of Drugs -- 6.11 Regulation of Electronic Cigarettes -- 6.12 Protecting Susceptible Populations from Chemical Risks -- 6.13 Expected Utility Theory and Chemical Regulation -- 6.14 Conclusion -- References -- 7 Genetic Engineering -- 7.1 DNA, RNA, Genes, and Proteins -- 7.2 Genes and Reproduction -- 7.3 Genotypes and Phenotypes -- 7.4 Genetic Engineering -- 7.5 Applications of Genetic Engineering -- 7.6 Regulation of Genetic Engineering -- 7.7 Two Overarching Objections to Genetic Engineering -- 7.8 Applying the Precautionary Principle to Genetic Engineering -- 7.9 Genetic Engineering of Microbes -- 7.10 Genetic Engineering of Plants -- 7.11 Genetic Engineering of Animals -- 7.12 Genetic Engineering of Human Beings -- 7.13 Somatic Genetic Engineering -- 7.14 Germline Genetic Engineering -- 7.15 Benefits of Germline Genetic Engineering -- 7.16 Risks of Germline Genetic Engineering -- 7.17 Germline Genetic Engineering and the Precautionary Principle -- 7.18 Germline Genetic Engineering for Preventing Monogenic Disorders -- 7.19 Germline Genetic Engineering for Preventing Polygenic Disorders -- 7.20 Germline Genetic Engineering for Enhancement -- 7.21 Conclusion. |
References -- 8 Dual Use Research in the Biomedical Sciences -- 8.1 A Brief History of Biowarfare and Bioterrorism -- 8.2 Dual Use Research -- 8.3 Legal Issues Concerning Publication of Dual Use Research -- 8.4 Ethical Dilemmas Concerning Dual Use Research -- 8.5 Evaluating the Risks and Benefits of Dual Use Research -- 8.6 Applying the Precautionary Principle to Dual Use Research -- 8.7 Conclusion -- References -- 9 Public Health Emergencies -- 9.1 Public Health Emergencies -- 9.2 Ethical and Policy Issues Related to Emergency Preparedness and Response -- 9.3 Were Lockdowns a Reasonable Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic? -- 9.4 Testing and Approving Medical Products Used in Public Health Emergencies -- 9.5 Allocation of Scarce Medical Resources -- 9.6 Disaster Preparedness -- 9.7 Conclusion -- References -- 10 Conclusion -- 10.1 Summary of Key Arguments and Conclusions -- 10.2 Applications -- 10.3 Limitations and Further Research -- 10.4 Final Thoughts -- References -- |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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"This book fills a gap in the literature on the Precautionary Principle by placing the principle within the wider context of precautionary reasoning and uses philosophical arguments and case studies to demonstrate when it does -- and does not -- apply. The book invites the reader to take a step back from the controversy surrounding the Precautionary Principle and consider the overarching rationales for responding to threats to the environment or public health. It provides practical guidance and probing insight for the intended audience, including scholars, students, journalists, and policymakers." -- Provided by publisher. |
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