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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910484225303321 |
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Titolo |
3D printing of optical components / / edited by Andreas Heinrich |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021] |
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©2021 |
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ISBN |
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Edizione |
[1st ed. 2021.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (XII, 297 p. 223 illus., 192 illus. in color.) |
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Collana |
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Springer Series in Optical Sciences, , 0342-4111 ; ; 233 |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Photonics |
Optical materials |
Lasers |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Introduction into Additive Manufacturing -- Selective laser melting of reflective optics -- 3D printing of optics based on conventional printing technologies -- 3D printing of transparent glasses -- Industrial Scale Fabrication of Optical Components using High Precision 3D Printing: Aspects – Applications – Perspectives -- 3D-printed micro-optics by femtosecond direct laser writing -- Hybrid polymers for conventional and additive manufacturing of microoptical elements -- Index. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This edited volume reviews the current state of the art in the additive manufacturing of optical componentry, exploring key principles, materials, processes and applications. A short introduction lets readers familiarize themselves with the fundamental principles of the 3D printing method. This is followed by a chapter on commonly-used and emerging materials for printing of optical components, and subsequent chapters are dedicated to specific topics and case studies. The high potential of additive manufactured optical components is presented based on different manufacturing techniques and accompanied with extensive examples – from nanooptics to large scale optics – and taking research and industrial perspectives. Readers are provided with an extensive overview of the new possibilities brought about by this alternative method for optical components manufacture. Finally, the limitations of the method with respect to manufacturing techniques, |
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materials and optical properties of the generated objects are discussed. With contributions from experts in academia and industry, this work will appeal to a wide readership, from undergraduate students through engineers to researchers interested in modern methods of manufacturing optical components. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910788412303321 |
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Autore |
Lim Ewe-Ghee |
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Titolo |
The Euro’s Challenge to the Dollar : : Different Views from Economists and Evidence from COFER (Currency Composition of Foreign Exchange Reserves) and Other Data / / Ewe-Ghee Lim |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2006 |
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ISBN |
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1-4623-2962-4 |
1-4527-2088-6 |
1-283-51378-1 |
9786613826237 |
1-4519-0919-5 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (40 p.) |
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Collana |
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Soggetti |
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Euro-dollar market |
Foreign exchange |
Exports and Imports |
Finance: General |
Investments: Bonds |
Money and Monetary Policy |
Monetary Systems |
Standards |
Regimes |
Government and the Monetary System |
Payment Systems |
International Financial Markets |
General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) |
Current Account Adjustment |
Short-term Capital Movements |
Monetary economics |
Finance |
Investment & securities |
International economics |
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Currencies |
Currency markets |
Reserve currencies |
International bonds |
Current account deficits |
Money |
Foreign exchange market |
Bonds |
Balance of payments |
United States |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. WHY IS THERE A NEED FOR INTERNATIONAL MONEY?""; ""III. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK�FACTORS THAT FACILITATE INTERNATIONAL CURRENCY STATUS""; ""IV. REASONS FOR THE DIFFERENT VIEWS""; ""V. EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE TO DATE ""; ""VI. MEDIUM-TERM PROSPECTS FOR THE EURO""; ""VII. CONCLUSION""; ""BIBLIOGRAPHY"" |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This paper examines opposing views on the euro's challenge to the dollar as an international currency. One view emphasizes Europe's large economy and diversification effects as undergirding a vigorous challenge. The other emphasizes "network externalities," particularly undergirding continued dollar dominance. The data to date support the second view but also show the euro has significantly overtaken the legacy currencies as a reserve currency. Generally, large economic size alone is insufficient to challenge the network externalities supporting vehicle currencies, but scope exists for the euro to advance as an international store of value. The paper discusses the euro's medium-term prospects. |
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