Darwin's dice : the idea of chance in the thought of Charles Darwin / / Curtis Johnson

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910464620103321
• Autore: Johnson Curtis N. <1948-, >
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Oxford, [England] ; ; New York, New York : , : Oxford University Press, , [2015]; ©2015
• ISBN: 9780199361427; 9780199361410; 0199361428
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (254 pages) : illustrations (black and white)
• Disciplina: 576.82
• Soggetti: Serendipity in science; Creative ability in science; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and indexes
• Nota di contenuto: Darwin's Dice; Copyright; Contents; Acknowledgments; Introduction; 1 Two faces of chance; 2 Chance transport; 3 Causes and laws of variations; 4 Chance, nature, and intelligence; 5 Darwin's evolving views about chance; 6 "So-Called Spontaneous Variation"; 7 Darwin's architect metaphor; 8 Darwin's giraffes; 9 Chance and free will; 10 Chance and human morality; Appendix: The Primary Sources; Bibliography; General index; Index Nominum
• Sommario/riassunto: For evolutionary biologists, the concept of chance has always played a significant role in the formation of evolutionary theory. As far back as Greek antiquity, chance and ""luck"" were understood to be key factors in the evolution of the natural world. Emphasizing chance is an entire way of thinking about nature, and it is also one of the key ideas that separates Charles Darwin from other systematic biologists of his time. Studying the concept of chance in Darwin's writing reveals core ideas in his theory of evolution, as well as his reflections on design, purpose, and randomness in nature's progression over the course of history.In Darwin's Dice: The Idea of Chance in the Thought of Charles Darwin, ; Curtis Johnson examines Darwin's early notebooks, his collected correspondence (now in 19 volumes), and most of his published writing to trace the evolution of his ideas about chance in evolution. This proved to be one of Darwin's most controversial ideas among his reading public, so much so that it drew hostile reactions even from Darwin's scientific friends, not to mention the more general reader. The firestorm of criticism forced Darwin to forge a retreat, not in terms of removing chance from his theory--his commitment to it was unshakable--but in terms of how he chose to present his theory. Briefly, by changing his wording and by introducing metaphors and images (the stone-house metaphor, the evolution of giraffes, and others), Darwin succeeded in making his ideas seem less threatening than before without actually changing his views. Randomness remained a focal point for Darwin throughout his life. Through the lens of randomness, Johnson reveals implications of Darwin's views for religion, free will, and moral theory. Darwin's Dice presents a new way to look at Darwinist thought and the writings of Charles Darwin.

Computational Processing of the Portuguese Language : 11th International Conference, PROPOR 2014, Sao Carlos/SP, Brazil, October 6-8, 2014, Proceedings / / edited by Jorge Baptista, Nuno Mamede, Sara Candeias, Ivandré Paraboni, Thiago A.S. Pardo, Maria das Gracas Volpe Nunes

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910483463303321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2014
• ISBN: 3-319-09761-X
• Edizione: [1st ed. 2014.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (XIV, 300 p. 60 illus.)
• Collana: Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, , 2945-9141 ; ; 8775
• Disciplina: 469.0285
• Soggetti: Artificial intelligence; Application software; Information storage and retrieval systems; Data mining; Machine theory; Database management; Artificial Intelligence; Computer and Information Systems Applications; Information Storage and Retrieval; Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery; Formal Languages and Automata Theory; Database Management
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Includes index.
• Nota di contenuto: Speech Language Processing and Applications -- Automatically Recognising European Portuguese Children’s Speech: Pronunciation Patterns Revealed by an Analysis of ASR Errors -- Improving Speech Recognition through Automatic Selection of Age Group – Specific Acoustic Models -- Characterizing Parkinson’s Disease Speech by Acoustic and Phonetic Features -- Rule-Based Algorithms for Automatic Pronunciation of Portuguese Verbal Inflections -- Acoustic Similarity Scores for Keyword Spotting -- Linguistic Description, Syntax and Parsing -- JMorpher: A Finite-State Morphological Parser in Java for Android -- Tagging and Labelling Portuguese Modal Verbs -- Training State-of-the-Art Portuguese POS Taggers without Handcrafted Features -- General Purpose Word Sense Disambiguation Methods for Nouns in Portuguese -- Semi-supervised Parsing of Portuguese -- What We Can Learn from Looking at Profanity -- Ontologies, Semantics and Lexicography -- Extending a Lexicon of Portuguese Nominalizations with Data from Corpora -- Body-Part Nouns and Whole-Part Relations in Portuguese -- Proverb Variation: Experiments on Automatic Detection in Brazilian Portuguese Texts -- Using Cross-Linguistic Knowledge to Build VerbNet-Style Lexicons: Results for a (Brazilian) Portuguese VerbNet -- The Creation of Onto.PT: A Wordnet-Like Lexical Ontology for Portuguese -- Comparing Semantic Relatedness between Word Pairs in Portuguese Using Wikipedia -- On the Utility of Portuguese Term-Based Lexical-Semantic Networks -- Semantic Textual Similarity of Portuguese-Language Texts: An Approach Based on the Semantic Inferentialism Model -- Temporal Aspects of Content Recommendation on a Microblog Corpus -- Development of a Lexical Resource Annotated with Semantic Roles for Portuguese -- Corpora and Language Resources -- brWaC: A WaCky Corpus for Brazilian Portuguese -- DeepBankPT and Companion Portuguese Treebanks in a Multilingual Collection of Treebanks Aligned with the Penn Treebank -- Gramateca: Corpus-Based Grammar ofPortuguese -- Natural Language Processing, Tools and Applications -- Automatic Alignment of News Texts and Their Multi-document Summaries: Comparison among Methods -- Using Rhetorical Structure Theory and Entity Grids to Automatically Evaluate Local Coherence in Texts -- Comparing NERP-CRF with Publicly Available Portuguese Named Entities Recognition Tools -- Integrating Verbal Idioms into an NLP System -- Rolling out Text Categorization for Language Learning Assessment Supported by Language Technology -- Words Temporality for Improving Query Expansion -- An Open Source Tool for Crowd-Sourcing the Manual Annotation of Texts -- Identification of Brazilian Portuguese Causative Verbs through a Weighted Graph Classification Strategy -- Lausanne: A Framework for Collaborative Online NLP Experiments -- Alignment-Based Sentence Position Policy in a News Corpus for Multi-document Summarization -- Identification of Related Brazilian Portuguese Verb Groups Using Overlapping Community Detection.
• Sommario/riassunto: This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th ; International Workshop on Computational Processing of the Portuguese Language, PROPOR 2014, held in Sao Carlos, Brazil, in October 2014. The 14 full papers and 19 short papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 63 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections named: speech language processing and applications; linguistic description, syntax and parsing; ontologies, semantics and lexicography; corpora and language resources and natural language processing, tools and applications.