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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910452549803321 |
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Autore |
Elšik Viktor |
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Titolo |
Markedness and language change [[electronic resource] ] : the Romani sample / / by Viktor Elšík, Yaron Matras |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Berlin ; ; New York, : Mouton de Gruyter, c2006 |
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ISBN |
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1-282-19396-1 |
9786612193965 |
3-11-019759-6 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (500 p.) |
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Collana |
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Empirical approaches to language typology ; ; 32 |
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Classificazione |
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Altri autori (Persone) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Romani language - Markedness |
Romani language - Dialects |
Markedness (Linguistics) |
Electronic books. |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references (p. [441]-454) and indexes. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Front matter -- Contents -- Chapter 1 Introduction: Markedness and asymmetry in language -- Chapter 2 The Markedness Hypothesis -- Chapter 3 Toward a communication-based model of asymmetry in language -- Chapter 4 The sample: Methodological considerations -- Chapter 5 Early Romani -- Chapter 6 Number -- Chapter 7 Person -- Chapter 8 Gender -- Chapter 9 Degree -- Chapter 10 Negation -- Chapter 11 Cardinality -- Chapter 12 Discreteness -- Chapter 13 Tense, aspect, and mood -- Chapter 14 Modality -- Chapter 15 Transitivity -- Chapter 16 Case and case roles -- Chapter 17 Localisation -- Chapter 18 Orientation -- Chapter 19 Indefiniteness -- Chapter 20 Ontological category -- Chapter 21 Lexicality -- Chapter 22 Associativity -- Chapter 23 Chronological compartmentalisation -- Chapter 24 Criteria for asymmetry and their distribution across categories -- Chapter 25 Patterns of asymmetry -- Chapter 26 Conceptual motivations for asymmetry -- Chapter 27 Concluding remarks -- Back matter |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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'Markedness' is a central notion in linguistic theory. This book is the first to provide a comprehensive survey of markedness relations across |
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various grammatical categories, in a sample of closely-related speech varieties. It is based on a sample of over 100 dialects of Romani, collected and processed via the Romani Morpho-Syntax (RMS) Database - a comparative grammatical outline in electronic form, constructed by the authors between 2000-2004. Romani dialects provide an exciting sample of language change phenomena: they are oral languages, which have been separated and dispersed from some six centuries, and are strongly shaped by the influence of diverse contact languages. The book takes a typological approach to markedness, viewing it as a hierarchy among values that is conditioned by conceptual and cognitive universals. But it introduces a functional-pragmatic notion of markedness, as a grammaticalised strategy employed in order to priositise information. In what is referred to as 'dynamic', such prioritisation is influenced by an interplay of factors: the values within a category and the conceptual notions that they represent, the grammatical structure onto which the category values are mapped, and the kind of strategy that is applied in order to prioritise certain value. Consequently, the book contains a thorough survey of some 20 categories (e.g Person, Number, Gender, and so on) and their formal representation in various grammatical structures across the sample. The various accepted criteria for markedness (e.g. Complexity, Differentiation, Erosion, and so on) are examined systematically in relation to the values of each and every category, for each relevant structure. The outcome is a novel picture of how different markedness criteria may cluster for certain categories, giving a concrete reality to the hitherto rather vague notion of markedness. Borrowing and its relation to markedness is also examined, offering new insights into the motivations behind contact-induced change. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910483016303321 |
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Titolo |
PET and SPECT in neurology / / edited by Rudi A. J. O. Dierckx [and three others] |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021] |
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©2021 |
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ISBN |
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Edizione |
[Second edition.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (XIII, 1289 p. 190 illus., 150 illus. in color.) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Nervous system - Diseases - Tomography |
Tomography, Emission |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di contenuto |
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PART I BASICS: Tracers for Neurology -- Tracer-Kinetic Modeling -- Quantification in Brain SPECT: Noninvasive Cerebral Blood Flow Measurements -- Artificial Intelligence in the Analysis of PET scans of the Human Brain -- MRI/PET Imaging of the Brain -- The Default Network of the Brain -- Analysis of Brain Connectivity using PET, SPECT, and MRI -- PART II DEMENTIA: Neuroimaging Findings in Dementia -- Abeta Imaging -- Imaging of Tau Pathology -- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors -- Neuroimaging Findings in Mild Cognitive Impairment -- Impact of the IWG/Dubois Criteria for AD in Imaging Studies -- Perfusion SPECT in the Diagnosis of AD -- Nuclear Imaging in Frontotemporal Dementia -- Parkinson Dementia: PET Finding -- SPECT/PET Findings in Lewy Body Dementia -- Vascular Dementia -- Value of MIBG in the Differential Diagnosis of Neurodegenerative Disorders -- PART III CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS: Perfusion Imaging in Healthy Human Ageing -- Carotid Plaque Imaging with SPECT/CT and PET/CT -- PET in Brain Arteriovenous Malformations and Cerebral Proliferative Angiopathy -- PET Reveals Pathophysiology in Ischemic Stroke -- PART IV MOVEMENT DISORDERS: Parkinson’s Disease -- Computer-Aided Diagnosis of Parkinson Disease, Based on SPECT Scans of the Dopamine Transporter -- PET and SPECT Imaging in Parkinsonian Syndromes -- Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis -- PET in Huntington Disease -- PET and SPECT Imaging in Dystonia -- PET and |
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SPECT Imaging in Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders -- Clinical Applications of FP-CIT SPECT -- PART V INFLAMMATORY DISORDERS: PET Imaging of Microglia Activation in Neuropsychiatric Disorders -- PET Imaging in Multiple Sclerosis -- PET and SPECT Imaging of Neurotoxicity -- PET and SPECT in Hepatic and Uremic Encephalopathy -- PART VI EPILEPSY: PET in Epilepsy -- Neuroimaging of Epilepsy -- SISCOM: Subtraction Ictal SPECT Coregistered to MRI -- PART VII TUMORS OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM: Gliomas -- Neuro-SPECT of Brain Tumors -- Methionine-PET to Distinguish Tumor Recurrence from Radionecrosis -- Brain Metastases of Neuroendocrine Tumors -- PART VIII OTHER SUBJECTS: Anesthesia and PET of the Brain -- Altered States of Consciousness: Coma, Sleep and Hypnosis -- Modulation of CNS Functions by Deep Brain Stimulation: Insights Provided by Molecular Imaging -- Imaging in Pediatric Neurology. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This book provides a comprehensive overview of the use of PET and SPECT in not only classic neurodegenerative disorders but also cerebrovascular disorders, brain tumors, epilepsy, head trauma, coma, sleeping disorders, and inflammatory and infectious diseases of the CNS. The new edition has been revised and updated to reflect recent advances and includes additional chapters, for example on the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning in imaging data analysis, the study of brain connectivity using PET and SPECT images, and the role of PET imaging in modulation of brain functioning by deep brain stimulation. The authors are renowned experts whose dedication to the investigation of neurological disorders through nuclear medicine technology has achieved international recognition. Most chapters are written jointly by a clinical neurologist and a nuclear medicine specialist to ensure a multidisciplinary approach. This state of the art compendium will be invaluable for neurologists and radiologists/nuclear medicine specialists and will also be informative for interested general practitioners and geriatricians. Companion volumes on PET and SPECT in psychiatry and in neurobiological systems complete a trilogy. |
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