Breeding for enhanced nutrition and bio-active compounds in food legumes / / edited by Debjyoti Sen Gupta, Sanjeev Gupta, Jitendra Kumar

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910482956803321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2021]; ©2021
• ISBN: 3-030-59215-4
• Edizione: [1st ed. 2021.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (VIII, 267 p. 10 illus., 6 illus. in color.)
• Disciplina: 378.16913094248
• Soggetti: Legumes - Genetics; Legumes - Breeding; Legumes - Biotechnology
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Includes index.
• Nota di contenuto: Breeding for enhanced nutritional status: Retrospect and Prospect -- Quality improvement in chickpea -- Breeding for quality improvement in pigeon pea -- Bio-fortification in lentil -- Breeding for low phytates and oligosaccharides in mung bean and black gram -- Common bean quality improvement -- Breeding for reduced trypsin inhibitor in peas -- Breeding for low ODAP content in Lathyrus -- Breeding for high protein content in cowpea -- Role of animal models in nutrition resource in food legumes -- Pulses for improved milling and baking -- Bio-actives and nutraceuticals in lentil.
• Sommario/riassunto: More than 20 million childhood deaths occur every year due to the micronutrient deficiency and diet-related non-communicable diseases (cardiovascular diseases, cancers, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes). The United Nations (UN) recently announced that the increase in chronic, non-communicable diseases has resulted in 36 million deaths around the world annually, claiming more lives than all other causes combined. These chronic diseases are not isolated to developed countries and are even more pronounced in the developing world. Such chronic illnesses have caused far more deaths than infectious diseases throughout the world (except Africa) in recent years. ; Therefore, enrichment of micronutrients in staple food crops is of paramount importance for the nutritional security in our world. Biofortification is the development of micronutrient- and/or vitamin-rich crops using traditional crop improvement practices as well as modern biotechnology tools. It is a more sustainable and cost effective method than food supplementation, fortification and diet diversification. This work consolidates available information on the different aspects of breeding for improved nutrition of pulses. An overview of entire pulses based on their nutritional profile is given so that audience can find the desired information easily. Food legumes are the active ingredients in many gluten-free food products and there is a continuous rise of the use of pulses flour in milling and baking processes. Our book sheds light on recent efforts and the underlying constraints of meeting the public demand. We believe this work provides the basic information for anyone interested in biofortification and stimulate further research to meet this unique challenge.

Data monitoring committees in clinical trials [[electronic resource] ] : a practical perspective / / Susan S. Ellenberg, Thomas R. Fleming, David L. DeMets

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910829980403321
• Autore: Ellenberg Susan Smith
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Chichester ; ; Hoboken, NJ, : Wiley, c2002
• ISBN: 1-280-26999-5; 9786610269990; 0-470-32228-4; 0-470-85415-4; 0-470-85416-2
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (209 p.)
• Collana: Statistics in practice
• Altri autori (Persone): FlemingThomas R; DeMetsDavid L. <1944->
• Disciplina: 610/.72/4; 615.190072
• Soggetti: Clinical trials; Medical ethics committees
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Data Monitoring Committees in Clinical Trials A Practical Perspective; Contents; Preface; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Motivation; 1.2 History of data monitoring committees in government-sponsored trials; 1.3 Data monitoring committees in trials sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry; 1.4 Statistical methods for interim monitoring; 1.5 When are data monitoring committees needed?; 1.6 Where we are today; 1.7 Fundamental principles of data monitoring; References; 2 Responsibilities of the data monitoring committee and motivating illustrations; 2.1 Fundamental charges; 2.2 Specific tasks of the data monitoring committee 2.2.1 Initial review; 2.2.1.1 Review of the study protocol; 2.2.1.2 Review of procedures to ensure quality of study conduct; 2.2.2 Evaluating the quality of ongoing study conduct; 2.2.3 Assessing safety and efficacy data; 2.2.3.1 Termination due to favorable benefit-to-risk; 2.2.3.2 Termination due to unfavorable benefit-to-risk; 2.2.3.3 Termination due to inability to answer trial questions; 2.2.3.4 Continuation of ongoing clinical trials; 2.2.3.5 Consideration of the overall picture: primary and secondary analyses; 2.2.3.6 Modifying sample sizes based on ongoing assessment of event rates 2.2.4 Reviewing the final results; 2.3 The data monitoring committee charter; References; 3 Composition of a data monitoring committee; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Required areas of expertise; 3.3 Other relevant characteristics of committee members; 3.4 Committee size; 3.5 Selecting the committee chair; 3.6 Responsibility for appointing committee members; 3.7 Representation of other study components on the committee; 3.8 Preparation for service on a committee; References; 4 Independence of the data monitoring committee: avoiding conflicts of interest 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Rationale for independence; 4.3 Financial independence; 4.3.1 Sponsors; 4.3.2 Academic investigators; 4.4 Intellectual independence; 4.5 Emotional conflicts; 4.6 Individuals without conflicts; References; 5 Confidentiality issues relating to the data monitoring committee; 5.1 Rationale; 5.2 Limits of confidentiality; 5.2.1 Interim analysis reports; 5.2.2 Access to aggregate data on efficacy and safety outcomes; 5.2.3 The steering committee and maintaining confidentiality; 5.2.4 Settings and procedures allowing broader unblinding 5.2.5 Some illustrations of broader unblinding; 5.2.6 Indirect challenges to confidentiality; 5.3 The need for the data monitoring committee to review unblinded data; References; 6 Data monitoring committee meetings; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Specific objectives and timing of meetings; 6.2.1 Organizational meeting; 6.2.2 Early safety/trial integrity reviews; 6.2.3 Formal interim efficacy analyses; 6.2.4 End-of-trial debriefing; 6.3 Preparation of meeting reports; 6.4 Format for meetings; 6.4.1 The closed session; 6.4.2 The open session; 6.4.3 The final closed session
• Sommario/riassunto: There has been substantial growth in the use of data monitoring committees in recent years, by both government agencies and the pharmaceutical industry. This growth has been brought about by increasing recognition of the value of such committees in safeguarding trial participants as well as protecting trial integrity and the validity of conclusions. This very timely book describes the operation of data monitoring committees, and provides an authoritative guide to their establishment, purpose and responsibilities.* Provides a practical overview of data monitoring in clinical trials.*