Before the rainbow / / Emmanuel Fru Doh

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910465038703321
• Autore: Doh Emmanuel Fru
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Bamenda, North West Region, Cameroon : , : Langaa Research & Publishing CIG, , 2014; ©2014
• ISBN: 9956-792-73-X
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (72 p.)
• Disciplina: 808.1
• Soggetti: Poetry; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Poems.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover; Title page; Copyright page; Dedication; Contents; Preface; We Must Talk; Our Heads of States; Merging Realms; Lone Warrior; With The Internet; It's All A Game; True Victim; Academic Titles; Stones from a Glass House; In This Confusion; The Tongue; The Smith; The Stage; Mungwin; When A Mountain Speaks; Changing Guards; Lament Of A Bushfaller *; Mr. Henry Von René; Beware Africa; Colonial Mentality; Mrs. Bigman; Big Man Palaver; This Other Invasion; African Woman; You Are Just another Human; Chances!; Fon of Fons in Bamenda; News of a Colleague's Death; This Burden; The Girl from Port HarcourtThe Dance of Life; AIDS; Presi-Who?; Being Of Service; Profaning the Rainbow; Strange Notes; The Mind; Reminiscing; Lucifer's Priestess; Our Tomorrow; A Solitary Prayer; In Our Midst; God Is With Us; Back cover
• Sommario/riassunto: Emmanuel Fru Doh, a native of Cameroon, holds a Ph.D. from the University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. He taught at the University of Yaounde (E.N.S. Bambili) for almost a decade-the 90s-before leaving for the US. He then had a brief stint as an Adjunct Professor at the University of Minnesota before settling into the Department of English at Century, a College within the Minnesota State Colleges and Universities (MnSCU) System. Poet, novelist, social and literary critic, Emmanuel Fru Doh is the author of Nomads: The Memoir of a Southern ; Cameroonian.

The acquisition of diminutives : a cross-linguistic perspective / / edited by Ineta Savickiene, Wolfgang U. Dressler

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910961529503321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Amsterdam ; ; Philadelphia, : J. Benjamins Pub., 2007
• ISBN: 9786612155017; 9781282155015; 1282155016; 9789027292896; 9027292892
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: vi, 352 p
• Collana: Language acquisition & language disorders, , 0925-0123 ; ; v. 43
• Classificazione: ER 920
• Altri autori (Persone): SavickieneIneta; DresslerWolfgang U. <1939->
• Disciplina: 401/.93
• Soggetti: Language acquisition; Grammar, Comparative and general - Diminutives
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: The Acquisition of Diminutives -- Editorial page -- Title page -- LCC data -- Table of contents -- Introduction -- Form and meaning of diminutives in Lithuanian child language -- 1. Diminutives in Lithuanian -- 3. Data -- 4. The Development of diminutives in child language -- 5. Formal aspects of diminutives -- 6. Productivity and transparency of diminutives -- 7. Semantics of diminutives -- 8. Pragmatics of diminutives -- 9. Concluding remarks -- Diminutives in Russian at the early stagesof acquisition -- 1. Description of the adult target system -- 1.1 Diminutives from different parts of speech -- 1.2 Diminutives and hypocoristics -- 1.3 Diminutive grammar -- 1.4 Augmentatives and other related affixes -- 1.5 Diminutive use -- 2. Material -- 2.1 Previous studies on Russian child diminutives and augmentatives -- 2.2 The present study -- 2.3 Frequency of diminutives in the speech of children and caregivers -- 2.3.1 ; Quantitative characteristics of diminutives: the case of Varja -- 2.3.2 Quantitative characteristics of diminutives: the case of Filipp -- 2.3.3 Comparison of the two children -- 2.4. Semantic, pragmatic and structural functions of diminutives -- 2.4.1 Semantic and pragmatic role of diminutives (Varja) -- 2.4.2 The structural role of diminutives (Filipp) -- 2.4.3 Comparison of the two children -- 3. Discussion and conclusions -- The acquisition of diminutives in Croatian -- 1. A short description of the adult target system -- 1.1 Masculine -- 1.2 Feminine -- 1.3 Palatalized and nonpalatalized forms -- 1.4 Dialectal suffixes -- 1.5 Homophonous suffixes -- 1.6 Augmentatives -- 1.7 Adjective and verbal diminutives -- 1.8 Hypocoristics -- 2. The data -- 3. Antonija's acquisition of diminutives -- 3.1 The quantitative analysis -- 3.2 Diminutives - simplex contrasts -- 3.3 The distribution of the diminutive suffixes -- 3.4 Errors.; 3.5 The meaning of Antonija's diminutives -- 4. Conclusion -- Diminutives in Greek child language -- 1. Introduction* -- 2. Diminutives, hypocoristics and augmentatives in MG -- 2.1 Morphology -- 2.1.1 Derivational aspects of diminutives -- 2.1.2 Hypocoristics and augmentatives -- 2.1.3 The inflection of diminutives -- 2.2 Semantic and pragmatic aspects of MG diminutives and hypocoristics -- 3. The data -- 4. The development of diminutives in child language -- 4.1 Quantitative aspects -- 4.2 Derivational development of diminutives -- 4.3 Inflectional development of diminutives -- 5. The semantics and pragmatics of affectivity: hypocoristics -- 5.1 Hypocoristics vs. diminutives in child speech and child-directed speech -- 5.2 Α suffix for creating one's personal affectionate world: the case of -ina -- 6. Conclusions: Form and function of diminutives in Greek as compared to other languages -- The role of diminutives in the acquisition of Italian morphology -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Description of Italian diminutives -- 3. Methodology -- 4. Emergence and evolution of diminutives -- 5. Suffix allomorphy -- 6. Semantic and pragmatic aspects -- 7. Do diminutives facilitate the acquisition of inflection? -- 8. Concluding Remarks -- The acquisition of diminutives in Spanish -- A useful device -- 1. The diminutives in Spanish -- 2. Objectives -- 3. Description of the corpus -- 4. Quantitative Descriptive Overview -- 4.1 Child-directed speech -- 4.2 Distribution across Word classes -- 4.3 Summary -- 5. Qualitative analysis -- 5.1 The first contrasts -- 5.2 Morphophonology and selection of suffixes -- 5.3 Spontaneity and imitation in use of diminutives -- 5.4 Constructing a morphological system -- 6. Semantics and pragmatics of diminutives -- 6.1 The hipocoristics and diminutives: semantics and pragmatics -- 6.2 Nouns' semantic groups and diminutive.; 7. Conclusions -- A longitudinal study of the acquisition of diminutives in Dutch1 -- 1. Adult diminutive system -- 2. Data -- 3. Development -- 3.1 Early emergence -- 3.2 Frequencies in child speech -- 3.3 Frequencies in cds -- 4. Form oppositions -- 5. Diminutive distribution -- 5.1 First emergence -- 5.2 The frequency of allomorphs -- 6. Comparing cds with ads -- 7. Conclusion -- Diminutives and Hypocoristics1 in Austrian German (AG)2 -- 1. German adult language -- 2. The acquisition data -- 3. Distribution of the different diminutive classes -- 4. Frequency ranking of diminutives -- 5. Time course -- 5.1 Jan -- 5.2 Katharina -- 6. Form oppositions and mini-paradigms -- 6.1 Jan's form oppositions -- 6.2 Katharina's form oppositions -- 6.3 Form oppositions in the input -- 7. Semantic groups of diminutives -- 8. Evidence for diminutive acquisition -- 8.1 Semantic and pragmatic evidence for diminutive acquisition in Jan's data -- 8.2 Semantic and pragmatic evidence for diminutive acquisition in Katharina's data -- 9. Comparison of Jan's and Katharina's diminutives -- 10. Conclusion -- ; Acquisition of diminutives in Hungarian1 -- 1. Description of the adult language -- 1.1 Diminutive formation in Hungarian -- 1.2 Declension of diminutives -- 1.3 Functional aspects of diminutives -- 2. Description of the databases -- 2.1 Panna's database -- 2.2 Miki's database -- 2.3 The applied "data purification" -- 3. Description of the findings on Miki and Panna -- 3.1 Overall view of the children's use of diminutives in the corpuses -- 3.1.1 Panna -- 3.1.2 Miki -- 3.1.3 Comparing Panna's and Miki's use of diminutives -- 3.2 Distribution of different diminutive classes -- 3.3 Evolution of the children's diminutive use in time -- 3.4 Emergence of diminutives and their simplex counterparts -- 3.5. Formal productivity.; 3.6. Semantic and pragmatic aspects of diminutive acquisition -- 4. Summary and conclusions -- Appendix -- Notes -- Diminutives in Finnish child-directed and child speech -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Types of diminutives in Finnish -- 1.2 Pejoratives and augmentatives -- 1.3 Hypocoristics -- 2. Formal aspects of diminutives in Finnish -- 2.1 The simplex bases -- 2.2 Formation by regular affixation -- 2.3 Formation of diminutives by stem modification -- 3. Semantics and pragmatics of diminutives -- 4. Morphophonological aspects of Finnish diminutives -- 5. Diminutives in the speech of two Finnish-speaking children -- 5.1 The material: classes of diminutives and the frequency of diminutives -- 5.2 Tuulikki: diminutives in diary material and recordings -- 5.2.1 The first diminutives and the trochaic bias -- 5.2.2 Tuulikki's own diminutive types in the diary material -- 5.2.3 Tuulikki's diminutives in the recordings -- 5.2.4 Summary of Tuulikki's diminutives -- 5.3 Tuomas: diminutives in diary material and recordings -- 6. Conclusion -- The (scarcity of) diminutivesin Turkish child language* -- 1. Introduction -- 2. Diminutives and hypocoristics in Turkish grammar -- 2.1 -cik -- 2.2 Other diminutives (or other forms of -cik) -- 2.3 -Iş/-Oş and other hypocoristics -- 3. Method -- 4. Diminutives are rare in child speech -- 5. An error -- 6. Scarcity of diminutives in cds -- 7. Conclusion -- Acquiring diminutive structures and meanings in Hebrew -- An experimental study -- 1. Introduction -- 1.1 Borrowed Hebrew diminutives -- 1.2 Native Hebrew diminutives -- 1.2.1 Juvenile diminutives -- 1.2.2 Conventional-derivational diminutives -- Linear formation -- Reduplication -- 2. Method -- 2.1 Population -- 2.2 Research tasks and procedure -- 2.3 Analysis -- 2.3 Predictions -- 3. Results -- 3.1 Study tasks -- 3.2 Further analyses -- 3.2.1 Explanation: animacy.; 3.2.2 Explanation: dimensions -- 3.2.2 Production: Lexicalization -- 4. Discussion -- 4.1 The explanation task -- 4.2 The production task -- Diminutives provide multiple benefits for language acquisition -- 1. The pervasiveness of diminutives in cds -- 2. Diminutives aid word segmentation -- 3. Diminutives aid morphology acquisition -- 4. Why so many diminutives? Towards an explanation of the nature of cds -- Conclusions -- Subject Index -- The series Language Acquisition and Language Disorders.
• Sommario/riassunto: This chapter explores the hypothesis that diminutive usage in child-directed speech may provide multiple benefits for language acquisition. We summarize a series of experiments that exposed naïve English-speaking adults to Dutch or Russian diminutives, and tested their ability to isolate words in fluent speech or acquire gender categories. Across studies, adults benefited from exposure to diminutives over their simplex counterparts, supporting the hypothesis that diminutives simplify word segmentation and morphology acquisition, by increasing word-ending invariance, regularizing stress patterns, and decreasing irregularity in morpho-syntactic categories. A similar diminutive advantage is observed in experimental studies of first language ; acquisition: Preschool children produce fewer gender agreement and case marking errors with diminutives than with simplex nouns across several languages (Russian, Serbian, Polish, Lithuanian).