Essays on realist instance ontology and its logic : prediction, structure, and identity / / Donald W. Mertz

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910464280503321
• Autore: Mertz Donald W
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Frankfurt : , : Ontos Verlag, , 2006
• ISBN: 3-11-033323-6
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (250 p.)
• Collana: Philosophische Analyse ; ; Band 14
• Disciplina: 193.385
• Soggetti: Ontology; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: Front matter -- Contents -- Preface -- 1 Combinatorial Predication and the Ontology of Unit Attributes -- 2 An Instance Ontology for Structures: Their Definition, Identity, and Indiscernibility -- 3 The Nature and Necessity of Composite Simples, E.g., Ontic Predicates -- 4 Objects as Hierarchical Structures: A Comprehensive Ontology -- 5 Ontic Predicates as Substance -- 6 The Logic of Instance Ontology -- 7 A Definition for Identity And the Implying of an Infinity of Logical Entities -- Backmatter
• Sommario/riassunto: Structure or system is a ubiquitous and uneliminable feature of all our experience and theory, and requires an ontological analysis. The essays collected in this volume provide an account of structure founded upon the proper analysis of polyadic relations as the irreducible and defining elements of structure. It is argued that polyadic relations are ontic predicates in the insightful sense of intension-determined agent-combinators, monadic properties being the limiting and historically misleading case. This assay of ontic predicates has a number of powerful explanatory implications, including fundamentally: providing ontology with a principium individuationis, demonstrating the perennial theory that properties and relations are individuated as unit attributes or 'instances', giving content to the ontology of facts or states of affairs, and providing a means to precisely differentiate identity from indiscernibility. The differentiation of the unrepeatable combinatorial and repeatable intension aspects of ontic predicates makes it possible ; to properly diagnose and disarm the classis Bradley Regress Argument aimed against attributes and universals, an argument that trades on confusing these aspects. It is argued that these two aspects of ontic predicates form a 'composite simple', an explanation that sheds light on the nature and necessity of the medieval formal distinction, e.g., the distinctio formalis a parte rei of Scotus. Following from this analysis of ontic predication there is given a number of principles delineating realist instance ontology, together with a critique of both nominalistic trope theory and modern revivals of Aristotle's instance ontology of the Categories. It is shown how the resulting theory of facts can, via 'horizontal' and 'vertical' composition, account for all the hierarchical structuring of our experience and theory, and, importantly, how this can rest upon an atomic ontic level composed of only dependent ontic predicates. The latter is a desideratum for the proposed 'Structural Realism' ontology for micro-physics where at its lowest level the physical is said to be totally relational/structural. Nullified is the classic and insidious assumption that dependent entities presuppose a class of independent substrata or 'substances', and with this any pressure to admit 'bare particulars' and intensionless relations or 'ties'. The logic inherent in realist instance ontology-termed 'PPL'-is formalized in detail and given a consistency proof. Demonstrated is the logic's power to distinguish legitimate from illegitimate impredicative definitions, and in this how it provides a general solution to the classic self-referential paradoxes. PPL corresponds to Gödel's programmatic 'Theory of Concepts'. The last essay, not previously published, provides a detailed differentiation of identity from indiscernibility, preliminary to which is given an explanation of in what sense a predicate logic presupposes an ontology of predication. The principles needed for the differentiation have the significant implication (e.g., for the foundations of mathematics) of implying an infinity of logical entities, viz., instances of the identity relation.

Malevolent managers : insights using executive impression management / / Terry A. Sheridan

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910973334303321
• Autore: Sheridan Terry A.
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: London : , : Routledge, , 2016
• ISBN: 1-134-80523-3; 1-134-80516-0; 1-315-56270-7; 1-4724-1602-3
• Edizione: [First edition.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (254 p.)
• Disciplina: 658.4/07
• Soggetti: Executives - Selection and appointment; Executives - Psychology; Executives - Rating of; Problem employees; Personnel management
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: "A Gower Book"--Cover.; First published 2016 by Gower Pub.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover; Contents; List of Figures; List of Tables; Acknowledgements; Foreword; 1 A New Typology of Discerning Management Behaviour; 2 Theoretical Underpinnings to the Research; 3 The Findings Regarding the Respectful Executive Impression Management; 4 The Tyrant and Mediocre Executive Impression Management; 5 How to Identify a Malevolent Manager; 6 The Impression Management Strategies used by Non-fraudster Managers; 7 Methods of Malevolent Managers; 8 Confronting the Malevolent Manager - The Careful Process of Unmasking; 9 How to Choose a Manager Who Uses Respectful Executive Impression Management10 How to Instil Respect in your Workplace Despite Malevolent Managers and your Position in the Organisation; 11 Sharing is Caring; Conclusion; Appendix A; Appendix B; References; Index
• Sommario/riassunto: Dr Terry A. Sheridan employs a new and unique theoretical perspective ; to examine how malevolent, tyrannical and mediocre managers commonly use violence in the workplace, not necessarily physical violence, but bullying, overt and covert emotional abuse - all forms of negative behaviour that are damaging to individuals and organisations. The theoretical basis for the author's analysis and prescriptions is the new perspective of Executive Impression Management, which stems from Dr Sheridan's research into the differences between a number of types of executives from their co-workers' point of view. That investigation developed indicators to identify different negative management types and also helped define what has been called respectful management - the sort exercised by those managers who are good stewards. What makes this book unusual is that it is derived from qualitative research and covers an area where hardly any scholarly work has been produced. The author argues that the research methodology employed has resulted in a better understanding of impression management than has hitherto been possible. It addresses the confusion that often abounds regarding who is a good or bad manager and the fact that we can identify bad management through measures of company or organisational performance, but not how and why it went wrong. It will assist the leadership of organisations to make the right decisions about recruitment and promotion and to identify and challenge poor performance effectively.