1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910463254803321

Autore

Unger Richard W

Titolo

Beer in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance [[electronic resource] /] / Richard W. Unger

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Philadelphia, : University of Pennsylvania Press, c2004

ISBN

0-8122-0374-7

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (338 p.)

Classificazione

NW 2150

Disciplina

641.2/3/0940902

Soggetti

Beer - Europe - History - To 1500

Beer - Europe - History - 16th century

Brewing industry - Europe - History - To 1500

Brewing industry - Europe - History - 16th century

Electronic books.

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references (p. [295]-312) and index.

Nota di contenuto

Frontmatter -- Contents -- Illustrations -- Tables -- Preface -- Abbreviations -- Chapter 1. Introduction: Understanding the History of Brewing -- Chapter 2. Early Medieval Brewing -- Chapter 3. Urbanization and the Rise of Commercial Brewing -- Chapter 4. Hopped Beer, Hanse Towns, and the Origins of the Trade in Beer -- Chapter 5. The Spread of Hopped Beer Brewing: The Northern Low Countries -- Chapter 6. The Spread of Hopped Beer Brewing: The Southern Low Countries, England, and Scandinavia -- Chapter 7. The Mature Industry: Levels of Production -- Chapter 8. The Mature Industry: Levels of Consumption -- Chapter 9. The Mature Industry: Technology -- Chapter 10. The Mature Industry: Capital Investment and Innovation -- Chapter 11. Types of Beer and Their International Exchange -- Chapter 12. Taxes and Protection -- Chapter 13. Guilds, Brewery Workers, and Work in Breweries -- Chapter 14. Epilogue: The Decline of Brewing -- Appendix. On Classification and Measurement -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index

Sommario/riassunto

The beer of today-brewed from malted grain and hops, manufactured by large and often multinational corporations, frequently associated with young adults, sports, and drunkenness-is largely the result of



scientific and industrial developments of the nineteenth century. Modern beer, however, has little in common with the drink that carried that name through the Middle Ages and Renaissance. Looking at a time when beer was often a nutritional necessity, was sometimes used as medicine, could be flavored with everything from the bark of fir trees to thyme and fresh eggs, and was consumed by men, women, and children alike, Beer in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance presents an extraordinarily detailed history of the business, art, and governance of brewing.During the medieval and early modern periods beer was as much a daily necessity as a source of inebriation and amusement. It was the beverage of choice of urban populations that lacked access to secure sources of potable water; a commodity of economic as well as social importance; a safe drink for daily consumption that was less expensive than wine; and a major source of tax revenue for the state. In Beer in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance, Richard W. Unger has written an encompassing study of beer as both a product and an economic force in Europe.Drawing from archives in the Low Countries and England to assemble an impressively complete history, Unger describes the transformation of the industry from small-scale production that was a basic part of housewifery to a highly regulated commercial enterprise dominated by the wealthy and overseen by government authorities. Looking at the intersecting technological, economic, cultural, and political changes that influenced the transformation of brewing over centuries, he traces how improvements in technology and in the distribution of information combined to standardize quality, showing how the process of urbanization created the concentrated markets essential for commercial production.Weaving together the stories of prosperous businessmen, skilled brewmasters, and small producers, this impressively researched overview of the social and cultural practices that surrounded the beer industry is rich in implication for the history of the period as a whole.



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910482021203321

Autore

Smelik Anneke

Titolo

The scientific imaginary in visual culture / / Anneke Smelik (ed.)

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2021

Göttingen  : , : Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, , [2021]

©2010

ISBN

9783862347568

3862347567

9783899717563

3899717562

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (199 pages) : illustrations (chiefly colour); digital file(s)

Collana

Interfacing Science, Literature, and the Humanities

Disciplina

700/.46

Soggetti

Science and the arts

Literary Collections

Anthologies

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Nota di contenuto

Introduction - The scientific imaginary in visual culture -- Part I. History and philosophy -- How to depict life: a short history of the imagination of human interiority -- Reflecting imaginaries: science and society in the movies -- Reappraising futurist mechanical art -- Philosophical interlude -- the posthuman predicament -- Part II. Media -- Cinematic fantasies of becoming-cyborg -- Video ergo sum: video art as symbolic form -- Enactive media: a dialogue between psychology and art -- The positive potential of IVF in visual culture -- Part III. Bioart -- Our cells/Our selves: sexual politics in bioart -- Exploring mixed realities and scientific visualisations in art/science collaborations -- Knit two together: 'Art/Science collaborations' in bioHome. The chromosome knitting project -- On the contributors

Sommario/riassunto

Popular media, art and science are intricately interlinked in contemporary visual culture. This book analyses the ›scientific imaginary‹ that is the result of the profound effects of science upon the imagination, and conversely, of the imagination in and upon science.



As scientific developments in genetics, information technology and cybernetics open up new possibilities of intervention in human lives, cultural theorists have explored the notion of the ›posthuman‹. The Scientific Imaginary in Visual Culture analyses figurations of the ›posthuman‹ in history and philosophy, as well as in its utopian and dystopian forms in art and popular culture. The authors thus address the blurring boundaries between art and science in diverse media like science fiction film, futurist art, video art and the new phenomenon of ›bio-art‹. In their evaluations of the scientific imaginary in visual culture, the authors engage critically with current scientific and technological concerns.