Monetization in low- and middle-income countries [[electronic resource] /] / prepared by Cameron McLoughlin and Noriaki Kinoshita

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910462218703321
• Autore: McLoughlin Cameron
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Washington, : International Monetary Fund, 2012
• ISBN: 1-4755-4184-8; 1-4755-8317-6
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (25 p.)
• Collana: IMF working paper ; ; 12/160
• Altri autori (Persone): KinoshitaNoriaki
• Soggetti: Money - Developing countries; Financial institutions - Management; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover; Contents; I. Introduction; II. Review of the Literature; A. Macroeconomic Factors Affecting Monetization; B. The Impact of Financial Sector Reforms on Financial Deepening; C. Economic Growth Effects of Financial Sector Development; III. Empirical Analysis; A. The Model and Data; B. Estimation Methodology; C. Estimation Results; IV. Conclusions; Figures; 1. Mean Monetization Ratio: Average, 1973-2005; 2. Monetization Ratio, 1970-2005; Table; 1. Descriptive Statistics; 2. Summary Statistics and Regional Means; 3. Results of Pedroni Cointegration Tests (2004); 4. Pairwise Correlations; 5. Main Results: Multivariate RegressionsData Appendix Tables; A.1. Low-and Middle-Income Countries; A.2. Data Sources; References
• Sommario/riassunto: The degree of an economy's monetization, which has an important implication on economic growth, can be affected by the conduct of monetary policy, financial sector reform, and episodes of financial crises. The paper finds that monetization--measured by the ratio of broad money to nominal GDP-- in low- to middle-income countries is significantly correlated with per-capita GDP, real interest rates, and financial sector reform. It suggests that maintaining an upward momentum in monetization can be an important policy objective, particularly for low-income countries, and that monetary and financia

Reburial of nonexistents [[electronic resource] ] : reconsidering the Meinog-Russell debate / / Carolyn Swanson

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910457217503321
• Autore: Swanson Carolyn
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Amsterdam ; ; New York, NY, : Rodopi, 2011, c2011
• ISBN: 1-283-21278-1; 9786613212788; 94-012-0061-0
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (138 p.)
• Collana: Value inquiry book series, VIBS. Central European Value Studies, CEVS ; ; v. 231
• Disciplina: 111
• Soggetti: Nonexistent objects (Philosophy); Knowledge, Theory of; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Preliminary Material -- INTRODUCTION -- MEINONG’S THEORY AND RATIONALE FOR BEINGLESS OBJECTS -- RUSSELL’S CONCERN ABOUT VIOLATED LOGIC PRINCIPLES -- RUSSELL’S CONCERN ABOUT EXISTENTIAL IMPLICATIONS -- RUSSELL’S ALTERNATIVE TO BEINGLESS OBJECTS -- CHARACTERIZATION FACTS -- NEGATIVE EXISTENTIAL AND INTENTIONAL FACTS -- THE PROBLEMS WITH NAMES -- THE NEED FOR CONTEXTUALIZATION -- THE FINAL VERDICT ON BEINGLESS OBJECTS -- WORKS CITED -- ABOUT THE AUTHOR -- INDEX -- VALUE INQUIRY BOOK SERIES.
• Sommario/riassunto: Alexius Meinong claimed to uncover a brave new world of nonexistent objects. He contended that unreal objects, such as the golden mountain and the round square, genuinely had properties (such as nonexistence itself) and therefore, deserved a place in an all-inclusive science. Meinong’s notion of nonexistents was initially not well-received, largely due to the influence and criticisms of Bertrand Russell. However, it has gained considerable popularity in more recent years as academics have uncovered shortfalls in Russell’s philosophy and strived to explain apparent “facts” about the beingless. Some philosophers ; have continued Meinong’s project, further explaining nonexistent objects or formulating logic systems that incorporate them. The more recent developments beg for a re-examination of Meinongianism. This book does just that, putting the theory on trial. Part One considers if Russell truly defeated Meinongianism. It addresses Meinongian rejoinders in response to Russell’s main criticisms and further defends Russell’s alternative solution, his Theory of Descriptions. Part Two explores the rationale for nonexistents and their use in interpreting three types of statements: characterization, negative existential, and intentional. The book argues that, despite appearances, Meinongianism cannot plausibly account for its own paradigm claims, whereas Russell’s framework, with some further elucidation, can explain these statements quite well. Part Three primarily addresses claims about fiction, exploring the short-comings of Meinongian and Russellian frameworks in interpreting them. The book introduces a contextualization solution and symbolic method for capturing the logical form of such claims – one with the complexity to handle cross-contextual statements, including negative existential and intentional ones. It finally considers where that leaves nonexistent objects, ultimately rejecting such so-called entities.