1.

Record Nr.

UNIBAS000025670

Autore

Paul, Jean

Titolo

Vie de Fibel / Jean Paul ; traduction, présentation et annotation par Claude Pichois et Robert Kopp

Pubbl/distr/stampa

[Paris] : Union Générale d'Editions, c1967

Descrizione fisica

317 p. ; 18 cm

Collana

Bibliothèque 10/18 ; 375/376

Disciplina

830

Soggetti

Letteratura tedesca - Sec. 18.-19

Lingua di pubblicazione

Francese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910460708303321

Autore

Bamford Paul W (Paul Walden), <1921->

Titolo

Forests and French sea power, 1660-1789 / / Paul Walden Bamford

Pubbl/distr/stampa

[Toronto, Ontario] : , : University of Toronto Press, , 1956

©1956

ISBN

1-4426-5655-7

1-4426-3324-7

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (253 p.)

Collana

Heritage

Disciplina

359.8320944

Soggetti

Timber

Forests and forestry - France

Electronic books.

France History, Naval

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and



index.

Nota di contenuto

Frontmatter -- Preface -- Contents -- I. Dynastic Policy and French Maritime Power -- II. Masts, Ship Timber, and French Forest Law -- III. Timber Cuts and Contracts -- IV. Transport of Naval Timber and Masts -- V. Forest Depletion -- VI. Domestic Timber Shortage and the Navy -- VII. The Quest for Domestic and Colonial Masts and Spars -- VIII. The Northern Market in Naval Stores -- IX. Merchant Shipping and the Timber Problem -- X. Black Sea and North American Markets after 1776 -- XI. Conclusions -- Sources -- Index

Sommario/riassunto

By choosing to concentrate upon discovering what forest resources were available to the French navy during the ancien régime and what use it was able to make of them, Mr. Bamford has not only provided the first monograph on that subject in the English language, but has gone far toward explaining why France was the loser in the long duel with England for the control of commerce and the extension of empire. Two years of research in the Archives Nationales and in the Archives de la Marine in Paris, Toulon, and Rochefort enabled him to draw on contemporary sources of information of which little, if any, use has been made before, and a further year of research in the libraries of New York City, particularly in the rich Proudfit Naval Collection, also yielded new material. It is Mr. Bamford's achievement to have handled this vast store of primary sources with such skill and judgement that the reader, by turning over letters from disgruntled forest proprietors, reports from harassed maîtres on the trickery and recalcitrance of the peasants, instructions from the top echelon of the navy to inspectors in the forests, and a variety bills, receipts, and memoranda, is given at first hand an appreciation of the difficulties faced by the navy in trying to obtain timber and masts of the choice quality required for building ships-of-the-line. The navy had to compete with the merchant marine and with industrial and private users of fuel for supplies that were continually being depleted by mismanagement and by the conversion of forests to arable land. Measures, superficially admirable, for conserving the forests are found on closer examination to be at once over-precise and not properly enforced. Transport, even in a country so abundantly supplied with navigable rivers as France, was expensive and difficult.



3.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910784635403321

Autore

Whitehouse D. J (David J.)

Titolo

Surfaces and their measurement [[electronic resource] /] / David Whitehouse

Pubbl/distr/stampa

London, : HPS, 2002

ISBN

1-281-07307-5

9786611073077

0-08-051823-0

1-4175-2668-8

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (425 p.)

Disciplina

620.110287

620.44

Soggetti

Surfaces (Technology) - Measurement

Civil engineering

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

Front Cover; Surfaces and their Measurement; Copyright Page; Contents; Foreword; Chapter 1. Introduction; 1.1 General; 1.2 What is surface metrology?; 1.3 Usefulness of surfaces; 1.4 Nature of surfaces; Chapter 2. Identification and separation of surface features; 2.1 Visualization; 2.2 Profiles and roughness - understanding the measurement routine; 2.3 Waviness; 2.4 Implementing the concept of sampling length; 2.5 The shape of the reference line; 2.6 Other methods; 2.7 Filtering and M system; 2.8 Conclusions; Chapter 3. Profile and areal (3D) parameter characterization; 3.1 Specification

3.2 Classification of parameters for the profile 3.3 Random process analysis; 3.4 Areal (3D) assessment; 3.5 Space frequency functions; 3.6 Comments on digital areal analysis; 3.7 Two-dimensional filtering (areal filtering); 3.8 Fractal surfaces; 3.9 Summary of characterization; Chapter 4. Surface metrology and manufacture; 4.1 Where and when to measure; 4.2 The process and surface finish; 4.3 Process control; 4.4 Relationship between surface metrology and manufacture; 4.5 Force and metrology loops; 4.6 Unit events and auto correlation; 4.7 Use of the power spectrum



4.8 Application of space frequency functions  4.9 Conclusions; Chapter 5. Function and surface texture; 5.1 Generic approach; 5.2 Some specific examples in tribology; 5.3 Surface models; 5.4 Summary of function; Chapter 6. Surface finish measurement - general; 6.1 Some quick ways of examining the surface; 6.2 Surface finish instrumentation; 6.3 Comments; Chapter 7. Stylus instruments; 7.1 The stylus; 7.2 Reference; 7.3 Use of skids; 7.4 Pick-up systems; 7.5 Stylus damage; 7.6 Stylus instrument usage; Chapter 8. Optical methods; 8.1 Optical path length; 8.2 Optical penetration

8.3 Resolution and depth of focus 8.4 Comparison between optical and stylus methods; 8.5 Gloss meters; 8.6 Total integrating sphere; 8.7 Diffractometer; 8.8 Interferometry; 8.9 Optical followers; 8.10 Heterodyne method; 8.11 Other optical methods; 8.12 Conclusions from the comparison of tactile and optical methods; Chapter 9. Scanning microscopes; 9.1 General; 9.2 Scanning microscopes; 9.3 Operation of the STM; 9.4 The atomic force microscope; 9.5 Scanning microscopes: conclusions; 9.6 Instruments 'horns of metrology' : conclusions; Chapter 10. Errors of form (excluding axes of rotation)

10.1 General statement 10.2 Straightness and related topics; 10.3 Measurement; 10.4 Assessment and classification of straightness; 10.5 Flatness; 10.6 Conclusions; Chapter 11. Roundness and related subjects; 11.1 General; 11.2 Direction of measurement; 11.3 Display of roundness; 11.4 Lobing; 11.5 Methods of measuring roundness; 11.6 Nature of the roundness signal; 11.7 Assessment of roundness; 11.8 Partial arc determination; 11.9 Other parameters; 11.10 Filtering for roundness; 11.11 Harmonic problems; 11.12 Alternatives to harmonic analysis; 11.13 Non-roundness parameters; 11.14 Conclusions

Chapter 12. Cylindricity, sphericity

Sommario/riassunto

The importance of surface metrology has long been acknowledged in manufacturing and mechanical engineering, but has now gained growing recognition in an expanding number of new applications in fields such as semiconductors, electronics and optics. Metrology is the scientific study of measurement, and surface metrology is the study of the measurement of rough surfaces. In this book, Professor David Whitehouse, an internationally acknowledged subject expert, covers the wide range of theory and practice, including the use of new methods of instrumentation.· Written by one of the world's