Fundamentals of gas dynamics / / V. Babu

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910458428303321
• Autore: Babu V.
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Chichester, England : , : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., , 2015; ©2015
• ISBN: 1-118-97338-0; 1-118-97337-2
• Edizione: [2nd ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (276 p.)
• Collana: Ane/Athena Books
• Disciplina: 533.2
• Soggetti: Gas dynamics; Gas engineering; Gas fields; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover; Title Page; Copyright; Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Introduction; 1.1 Compressibility of Fluids; 1.2 Compressible and Incompressible Flows; 1.3 Perfect Gas Equation of State; 1.3.1 Continuum Hypothesis; 1.4 Calorically Perfect Gas; Chapter 2: One Dimensional Flows - Basics; 2.1 Governing Equations; 2.2 Acoustic Wave Propagation Speed; 2.2.1 Mach Number; 2.3 Reference States; 2.3.1 Sonic State; 2.3.2 Stagnation State; 2.4 T-s and P-v Diagrams in Compressible Flows; Exercises; Chapter 3: Normal Shock Waves; 3.1 Governing Equations; 3.2 Mathematical Derivation of the Normal Shock Solution3.3 Illustration of the Normal Shock Solution on T-s and P-v diagrams; 3.4 Further Insights into the Normal Shock Wave Solution; Exercises; Chapter 4: Flow with Heat Addition- Rayleigh Flow; 4.1 Governing Equations; 4.2 Illustration on T-s and P-v diagrams; 4.3 Thermal Choking and Its Consequences; 4.4 Calculation Procedure; Exercises; Chapter 5: Flow with Friction - Fanno Flow; 5.1 Governing Equations; 5.2 Illustration on T-s diagram; 5.3 Friction Choking and Its Consequences; 5.4 Calculation Procedure; Exercises; Chapter 6: Quasi One Dimensional Flows6.1 Governing Equations; 6.1.1 ; Impulse Function and Thrust; 6.2 Area Velocity Relation; 6.3 Geometric Choking; 6.4 Area Mach number Relation for Choked Flow; 6.5 Mass Flow Rate for Choked Flow; 6.6 Flow Through A Convergent Nozzle; 6.7 Flow Through A Convergent Divergent Nozzle; 6.8 Interaction between Nozzle Flow and Fanno, Rayleigh Flows; Exercises; Chapter 7: Oblique Shock Waves; 7.1 Governing Equations; 7.2 θ-β-M curve; 7.3 Illustration of the Weak Oblique Shock Solution on a T-s diagram; 7.4 Detached Shocks; 7.5 Reflected Shocks; 7.5.1 Reflection from a WallExercises; Chapter 8: Prandtl Meyer Flow; 8.1 Propagation of Sound Waves and the Mach Wave; 8.2 Prandtl Meyer Flow Around Concave and Convex Corners; 8.3 Prandtl Meyer Solution; 8.4 Reflection of Oblique Shock From a Constant Pressure Boundary; Exercises; Chapter 9: Flow of Steam through Nozzles; 9.1 T-s diagram of liquid water-water vapor mixture; 9.2 Isentropic expansion of steam; 9.3 Flow of steam through nozzles; 9.3.1 Choking in steam nozzles; 9.4 Supersaturation and the condensation shock; Exercises; Suggested Reading; Table A. Isentropic table for γ = 1.4; Table B. Normal shock properties for γ = 1.4Table C. Rayleigh flow properties for γ = 1.4; Table D. Fanno flow properties for γ = 1.4; Table E. Oblique shock wave angle β in degrees for γ = 1.4; Table F. Mach angle and Prandtl Meyer angle for γ = 1.4; Table G. Thermodynamic properties of steam, temperature table; Table H. Thermodynamic properties of steam, pressure table; Table I. Thermodynamic properties of superheated steam; Index
• Sommario/riassunto: Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics, Second Edition isa comprehensively updated new edition and now includes a chapter on the gas dynamics of steam. It covers the fundamental concepts and governing equations of different flows, and includes end of chapter exercises based on the practical applications. A number of useful tables on the thermodynamic properties of steam are also included.Fundamentals of Gas Dynamics, Second Edition begins with an introduction to compressible and incompressible flows before covering the fundamentals of one dimensional flows and normal shock waves. Flows with heat additi

Neural Circuitry of Behavioral Flexibility: Dopamine and Related Systems

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910136797203321
• Autore: Matthew R. Roesch
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Frontiers Media SA, 2016
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (165 p.)
• Collana: Frontiers Research Topics
• Soggetti: Neurosciences
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Sommario/riassunto: Decades of research have identified a role for dopamine neurotransmission in prefrontal cortical function and flexible cognition. Abnormal dopamine neurotransmission underlies many cases of cognitive dysfunction. New techniques using optogenetics have allowed for ever more precise functional segregation of areas within the prefrontal cortex, which underlie separate cognitive functions. Learning theory predictions have provided a very useful framework for interpreting the neural activity of dopamine neurons, yet even dopamine neurons present a range of responses, from salience to prediction error signaling. The functions of areas like the Lateral Habenula have been recently described, and its role, presumed to be substantial, is largely unknown. Many other neural systems interact with the dopamine system, like cortical GABAergic interneurons, making it critical to understand those systems and their interactions with dopamine in order to fully appreciate dopamine's role in flexible behavior. Advances in human clinical research, like exome sequencing, are driving experimental hypotheses which will lead to fruitful new research directions, but how do (or should?) these clinical findings inform basic research? Following new information from these techniques, we may begin to develop a fresh understanding of human disease states which will inform novel treatment possibilities. However, we need an operational framework with which to interpret these new findings. Therefore, the purpose of this Research Topic is to integrate ; what we know of dopamine, the prefrontal cortex and flexible behavior into a clear framework, which will illuminate clear, testable directions for future research.