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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910458041403321 |
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Titolo |
Energy capitals : local impact, global influence / / edited by Joseph A. Pratt, Martin V. Melosi, and Kathleen A. Brosnan |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania : , : University of Pittsburgh Press, , 2014 |
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©2014 |
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ISBN |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (289 pages) |
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Collana |
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History of the Urban Environment |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Fossil fuels |
Power resources - Environmental aspects |
Electronic books. |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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"Fossil fuels propelled industries and nations into the modern age and continue to powerfully influence economies and politics today. As Energy Capitals demonstrates, the discovery and exploitation of fossil fuels has proven to be a mixed blessing in many of the cities and regions where it has occurred. With case studies from the United States, Canada, Mexico, Norway, Africa, and Australia, this volume views a range of older and more recent energy capitals, contrasts their evolutions, and explores why some capitals were able to influence global trends in energy production and distribution while others failed to control even their own destinies"-- |
"Fossil fuels propelled industries and nations into the modern age and continue to powerfully influence economies and politics today. As Energy Capitals demonstrates, the discovery and exploitation of fossil fuels has proven to be a mixed blessing in many of the cities and regions where it has occurred. With case studies from the United States, Canada, Mexico, Norway, Africa, and Australia, this volume views a range of older and more recent energy capitals, contrasts their evolutions, and explores why some capitals were able to influence global trends in energy production and distribution while others failed |
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to control even their own destinies. Chapters show how local and national politics, social structures, technological advantages, education systems, capital, infrastructure, labor force, supply and demand, and other factors have affected the ability of a region to develop and control its own fossil fuel reserves. The contributors also view the environmental impact of energy industries and demonstrate how, in the depletion of reserves or a shift to new energy sources, regions have or have not been able to recover economically. The cities of Tampico, Mexico, and Port Gentil, Gabon, have seen their oil deposits exploited by international companies with little or nothing to show in return and at a high cost environmentally. At the opposite extreme, Houston, Texas, has witnessed great economic gain from its oil, natural gas, and petrochemical industries. Its growth, however, has been tempered by the immense strain on infrastructure and the human transformation of the natural environment. In another scenario, Perth, Australia, Calgary, Alberta, and Stavanger, Norway have benefitted as the closest established cities with administrative and financial assets for energy production that was developed hundreds of miles away. Whether coal, oil, or natural gas, the essays offer important lessons learned over time and future considerations for the best ways to capture the benefits of energy development while limiting the cost to local populations and environments. "-- |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNISA996503467803316 |
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Titolo |
Combinatorial Image Analysis : 21st International Workshop, IWCIA 2022, Messina, Italy, July 13-15, 2022, Proceedings / / Reneta P. Barneva, Valentin E. Brimkov, and Giorgio Nordo (editors) |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2023] |
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©2023 |
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ISBN |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (338 pages) |
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Collana |
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Lecture Notes in Computer Science Series ; ; Volume 13348 |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Combinatorial analysis |
Image analysis |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Intro -- Preface -- Organization -- Contents -- Invited Paper -- Non-traditional 2D Grids in Combinatorial Imaging - Advances and Challenges -- 1 Introduction - Why (Not) the Traditional Square Grid? -- 2 Regular, Semi-regular Grids and Their Duals -- 3 Coordinate Systems -- 3.1 Discrete Tomography -- 4 Digital Distances -- 5 Transformations -- 5.1 Mathematical Morphology -- 5.2 Thinning and Abstract Cell Complexes -- 6 Final Comment -- References -- Digital Geometry and Topology -- Rectangularization of Digital Objects and Its Relation with Straight Skeletons -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Definitions -- 3 Rules for Partitioning into Rectangles -- 4 Rectangular Partitioning Procedure -- 4.1 Algorithm -- 4.2 Demonstration -- 4.3 Time Complexity Analysis -- 5 Experimental Results -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- On the Number of 0-Tandems in Simple nD Digital 0-Connected Curves -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries -- 2.1 The Cubic Grid -- 2.2 Tandems and Gaps in Digital Objects -- 2.3 Digital Curves -- 3 Related Work -- 3.1 2D Objects -- 3.2 Digital Curves -- 4 0-Tandems in nD Digital Curves -- 5 0-Tandems in 3D Digital Curves -- References -- On Density Extrema for Digital Discs -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Existing Work -- 1.2 Our Contribution -- 2 Maximum Density -- 2.1 Integer Center and Integer Radius -- 2.2 Integer Center and Real Radius -- 2.3 Unrestricted Center and Radius -- 3 Minimum Density -- |
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3.1 Integer Center and Integer Radius -- 3.2 Integer Center and Real Radius -- 4 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Sufficient Conditions for Topology-Preserving Parallel Reductions on the BCC Grid -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Basic Notions and Results -- 3 Configuration-Based Conditions -- 4 Point-Based Conditions -- 5 Generating Topology-Preserving Parallel Reductions -- 6 Conclusions -- References. |
On the Construction of Planar Embedding for a Class of Orthogonal Polyhedra -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Definitions and Preliminaries -- 3 Characterization of an Orthogonal Polyhedron -- 4 Planar Graph Drawing -- 5 Algorithm -- 5.1 Reconstruction -- 5.2 Time Complexity -- 6 Discussion -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Extractive Text Summarization Using Topological Features -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background -- 2.1 Simplicial Complex -- 2.2 Persistent Homology -- 2.3 Minimum Dominating Set -- 2.4 Cosine Similarity -- 3 Proposed Methodology -- 3.1 Proposed Method (I) -- 3.2 Proposed Method (II) -- 4 Experimental Results -- 4.1 Proposed Methodology (I) and TextRank -- 4.2 Proposed Methodology (II) and TextRank -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Largest Area Parallelogram Inside a Digital Object in a Triangular Grid -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Definitions and Preliminaries -- 2.1 Deriving the Inner Triangular Cover (ITC) -- 3 Procedure to Compute LAPT -- 3.1 Finding LAPT Within Sub-polygon -- 3.2 Reduction Rules -- 4 Algorithm -- 4.1 Complexity Analysis -- 5 Experimental Results -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- Picture Languages -- Weighted Three Directions OTA and Weighted Hexapolic Picture Automata -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Pictures and Hexagonal Pictures -- 2.1 Two-Dimensional Hexagonal Pictures and Languages -- 3 Weighted Automata over Hexagonal Pictures -- 3.1 Series on Pictures -- 3.2 Series on Hexagonal Pictures -- 4 W3OTA-Recognizable Series are WHPA-Recognizable -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- A Myhill-Nerode Theorem for Finite State Matrix Automata and Finite Matrix Languages -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Learning Aspects -- 1.2 Formal Language Aspects -- 2 Finite Matrix Language (FML) -- 2.1 FML - Examples -- 3 Deterministic Finite State Matrix Automata (DFSMA) -- 3.1 DFSMA - Examples -- 4 Properties of Finite Matrix Languages -- 5 Myhill - Nerode Equivalence. |
6 Conclusion and Future Work -- References -- Algebraic Properties of Parikh q-Matrices on Two-Dimensional Words -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries -- 2.1 Subwords -- 2.2 Parikh Matrix -- 2.3 Parikh q-Matrix -- 2.4 Two Dimensional Words -- 2.5 Parikh q-Matrices of a Picture Array -- 3 Extending Parikh q-Matrix of Picture Arrays -- 4 Alternate Parikh q-Matrix of Picture Array -- 5 Parikh q-Matrix Commutator of Arrays -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Adjunct Partial Array Token Petri Net Structure -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries -- 3 Adjunct Partial Array Token Petri Net Structure -- 4 Comparative Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- 2D Oxide Picture Languages and Their Properties -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries -- 3 Two-Dimensional Oxide Pictures and Languages -- 3.1 Coordinates and Size of Oxide Pictures -- 3.2 Types of Oxide Pictures -- 3.3 Triangular Oxide Pictures and Languages -- 4 Results -- 4.1 Boolean Operations -- 4.2 Unary Operations -- 4.3 Binary Operations -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Lyndon Partial Words and Arrays with Applications -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Basic Notations and Terminology -- 3 Lyndon Partial Words -- 3.1 Tree Representation of a Lyndon Partial Word -- 4 - Morphism -- 5 Two-Dimensional Lyndon Partial Words -- 6 Discussions -- References -- Theory and Applications -- Tomography Reconstruction Based on Null Space Search -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Tomography Reconstruction Problem -- 3 Tomography Reconstruction |
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Method Based on Null Space Search -- 4 Experimental Evaluation -- 5 Conclusions -- References -- Instance Segmentation with BoundaryNet -- 1 Introduction -- 2 BoundaryNet -- 2.1 Labelling -- 2.2 Segments Extraction -- 2.3 Network Architecture -- 3 Methods -- 4 Results -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Curvature-Based Denoising of Vector-Valued Images -- 1 Introduction. |
2 Curvature-Based Denoising of Scalar-Valued Images -- 2.1 Level Line Tree -- 2.2 Level Line Shortening -- 2.3 Reconstruction -- 3 Curvature-Based Denoising of Vector-Valued Images -- 3.1 Pseudo-level Lines -- 3.2 First Step: Construction of the Pseudo-level Line Tree -- 3.3 Second Step: Smoothing -- 3.4 Third Step: Reconstruction -- 4 Experimental Demonstration -- 4.1 Curvature Maps and Visualisation -- 4.2 Image Smoothing Experiments -- 5 Summary and Outlook -- References -- Face Characterization Using Convex Surface Decomposition -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Definitions and Preliminaries -- 3 Face Characterization Method -- 4 Algorithm -- 5 Complexity -- 5.1 Time Complexity -- 5.2 Space Complexity -- 6 Results -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Characterization and Reconstruction of Hypergraphic Pattern Sequences -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Definitions and Previous Results -- 3 Definition and Properties of the Pattern Sequences -- 4 Two Reconstruction Algorithms for Pattern Sequences -- 5 Conclusion and Open Problems -- References -- The Generalized Microscopic Image Reconstruction Problem for Hypergraphs -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminaries and Previous Results -- 3 The MSP Problem on Classes of Hypergraphs -- 3.1 3-Hypergraphs Whose 2-Intersection Graph is a Line -- 3.2 3-Hypergraphs Whose 2-Intersection Graph is a Tree -- 4 Conclusion and Future Perspectives -- References -- Author Index. |
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