The origins of AIDS / / Jacques Pepin [[electronic resource]]

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910458025703321
• Autore: Pepin Jacques <1958->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cambridge : , : Cambridge University Press, , 2011
• ISBN: 1-107-22753-4; 1-139-12489-7; 1-283-29862-7; 1-139-12342-4; 9786613298621; 1-139-00523-5; 1-139-12833-7; 1-139-11331-3; 1-139-11767-X; 1-139-11550-2
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (xiv, 293 pages) : digital, PDF file(s)
• Disciplina: 362.196/97920096
• Soggetti: HIV infections - Africa; HIV infections - Etiology; AIDS (Disease) - Africa; Emerging infectious diseases - Africa
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 05 Oct 2015).
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (p. 238-281) and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Machine generated contents note: Introduction; 1. Out of Africa; 2. The source; 3. The timing; 4. The cut hunter; 5. Societies in transition; 6. The oldest trade; 7. Injections and the transmission of viruses; 8. The legacies of colonial medicine I: French Equatorial Africa and Cameroun; 9. The legacies of colonial medicine II: the Belgian Congo; 10. The other human immunodeficiency viruses; 11. From the Congo to the Caribbean; 12. The blood trade; 13. The globalisation; 14. Assembling the puzzle; 15. Epilogue: lessons learned.
• Sommario/riassunto: It is now thirty years since the discovery of AIDS but its origins continue to puzzle doctors and scientists. Inspired by his own experiences working as an infectious diseases physician in Africa, Jacques Pepin ; looks back to the early twentieth-century events in Africa that triggered the emergence of HIV/AIDS and traces its subsequent development into the most dramatic and destructive epidemic of modern times. He shows how the disease was first transmitted from chimpanzees to man and then how urbanization, prostitution, and large-scale colonial medical campaigns intended to eradicate tropical diseases combined to disastrous effect to fuel the spread of the virus from its origins in Léopoldville to the rest of Africa, the Caribbean and ultimately worldwide. This is an essential new perspective on HIV/AIDS and on the lessons that must be learnt if we are to avoid provoking another pandemic in the future.

Recent advances in polyphenol research . Volume 3 [[electronic resource] /] / edited by Véronique Cheynier, Pascale Sarni-Manchado, Stéphane Quideau

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910141343303321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Chichester, West Sussex, : Wiley-Blackwell, 2012
• ISBN: 1-280-58737-7; 9786613617200; 1-118-29974-4; 1-118-29975-2; 1-118-29976-0
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (394 p.)
• Collana: Recent Advances in Polyphenol Research ; ; Volume 3
• Altri autori (Persone): CheynierVéronique; Sarni-ManchadoPascale; QuideauStéphane
• Disciplina: 547.632; 572.2; 572/.2
• Soggetti: Polyphenols; Botanical chemistry
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Contains chapters by guest speakers at the 25th- International Conference on Polyphenols.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Recent Advances in PolyphenolResearch; Contents; Contributors; Preface; 1 Plant Phenolics: A Biochemical and Physiological Perspective; 1.1 The general phenolic metabolism in plants; 1.2 Effect of non-freezing low temperature stress on phenolic metabolism in crop plants; 1.3 Plant phenolics as defence compounds; 1.3.1 Phenolic-mediated induced resistance of apples against fungal pathogens; 1.3.2 Contribution of vigna phenolics to plant protection against insects; 1.4 Diversion of carbon skeletons from primary to phenolic-related secondary metabolism; 1.4.1 Metabolic costs of adaptive responses to adverse environmental conditions1.4.2 Transduction pathway between nutrient depletion and enhanced polyphenol content; References; 2 Polyphenols: From Plant Adaptation to Useful Chemical Resources; 2.1 The emergence of phenolic metabolism and the adaptation of plants to a terrestrial environment; 2.2 The shikimate pathway: a complex and subtle interface between primary metabolism and phenolic metabolism; 2.2.1 Quinic acid, a specific component of higher plants; 2.2.2 The postchorismate branch of the shikimate pathway leading to phenylalanine: one or two metabolic routes in plants?2.2.2.1 Intracellular location of enzymes; 2.2.2.2 Complex and new regulatory mechanisms in the shikimate pathway; 2.3 Plant (poly)phenols: a diversified reservoir of useful chemicals; 2.3.1 The health-promoting properties of polyphenols; 2.3.2 A new time for lignocellulosics utilization through biotechnology; 2.3.2.1 Biomass pretreatment and enzymatic conversion of polysaccharides; 2.3.2.2 Lignins: degradation, bioconversion; 2.3.2.3 The fermentation step towards the production of bioalcohols2.3.2.4 Biorefinery pilot plants; 2.3.2.5 Quality and availability of the upstream resource; 2.3.2.6 Future prospects; 2.3.3 Chemical and catalytic valorization of polyphenols; 2.4 Concluding remarks; Acknowledgments; References; 3 Fifty Years of Polyphenol-Protein Complexes; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Precipitable complexes; 3.3 Soluble complexes; 3.4 Proline-rich proteins; 3.5 Mechanisms of binding; 3.6 Stoichiometry of binding; 3.7 Protein conformation; 3.8 Covalent tannin-protein complexes; 3.9 Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References4 Chemistry of Flavonoids in Color Development; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Synthetic studies on anthocyanins toward polyacylated pigments; 4.2.1 Previously reported syntheses of anthocyanins; 4.2.2 Synthesis of anthocyanin using biomimetic oxidation; 4.2.3 Transformation of flavonol derivatives to anthocyanins via a flavenol glycoside; 4.3 Synthesis of copigments for studying blue color development; 4.3.1 Copigmentation in metalloanthocyanins; 4.3.2 Synthesis of glycosylated flavones; 4.3.3 Chiral recognition in metalloanthocyanin formation; 4.3.4 Synthesis of acylquinic acid derivatives for studies on hydrangea coloration
• Sommario/riassunto: Plant polyphenols are secondary metabolites that constitute one of the most common and widespread groups of natural products. They express a large and diverse panel of biological activities including beneficial effects on both plants and humans. Many polyphenols, from their structurally simplest representatives to their oligo/polymeric versions (also referred to as vegetable tannins) are notably known as phytoestrogens, plant pigments, potent antioxidants, and protein interacting agents. Sponsored by Groupe Polyphénols, this publication, which is the third volume in this highly regarded R