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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910455691803321 |
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Autore |
Winterbone D. E |
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Titolo |
Advanced thermodynamics for engineers [[electronic resource] /] / Desmond E. Winterbone |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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New York, : J. Wiley & Sons |
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London, : Arnold, c1997 |
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ISBN |
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1-281-04879-8 |
9786611048792 |
0-08-052336-6 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (399 p.) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Thermodynamics |
Heat engineering |
Electronic books. |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references (p. [363]-367) and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Front Cover; Advanced Thermodynamics for Engineers; Copyright Page; Contents; Preface; Structure; Symbols; Chapter 1. State of Equilibrium; 1.1 Equilibrium of a thermodynamic system; 1.2 Helmholtz energy (Helmholtz function); 1.3 Gibbs energy (Gibbs function); 1.4 The use and significance of the Helmholtz and Gibbs energies; 1.5 Concluding remarks; Problems; Chapter 2. Availability and Exergy; 2.1 Displacement work; 2.2 Availability; 2.3 Examples; 2.4 Available and non-available energy; 2.5 Irreversibility; 2.6 Graphical representation of available energy and irreversibility |
2.7 Availability balance for a closed system2.8 Availability balance for an open system; 2.9 Exergy; 2.10 The variation of flow exergy for a perfect gas; 2.11 Concluding remarks; Problems; Chapter 3. Pinch Technology; 3.1 A heat transfer network without a pinch problem; 3.2 A heat transfer network with a pinch point; 3.3 Concluding remarks; Problems; Chapter 4. Rational Efficiency of a Powerplant; 4.1 The influence of fuel properties on thermal efficiency; 4.2 Rational efficiency; 4.3 Rankine cycle; 4.4 Examples; 4.5 Concluding remarks; Problems |
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Chapter 5. Efficiency of Heat Engines at Maximum Power5.1 Efficiency of an internally reversible heat engine when producing maximum power output; 5.2 Efficiency of combined cycle internally reversible heat engines when producing maximum power output; 5.3 Concluding remarks; Problems; Chapter 6. General Thermodynamic Relationships (single component systems, or systems of constant composition); 6.1 The Maxwell relationships; 6.2 Uses of the thermodynamic relationships; 6.3 Tds relationships; 6.4 Relationships between specific heat capacities; 6.5 The Clausius-Clapeyron equation |
6.6 Concluding remarksProblems; Chapter 7. Equations of State; 7.1 Ideal gas law; 7.2 Van der Waals' equation of state; 7.3 Law of corresponding states; 7.4 Isotherms or isobars in the two-phase region; 7.5 Concluding remarks; Problems; Chapter 8. Liquefaction of Gases; 8.1 Liquefaction by cooling - method (i); 8.2 Liquefaction by expansion - method (ii); 8.3 The Joule-Thomson effect; 8.4 Linde liquefaction plant; 8.5 Inversion point on p-v-T surface for water; 8.6 Concluding remarks; Problems; Chapter 9. Thermodynamic Properties of Ideal Gases and Ideal Gas Mixtures of Constant Composition |
9.1 Molecular weights9.2 State equation for ideal gases; 9.3 Tables of u(T) and h(T) against T; 9.4 Mixtures of ideal gases; 9.5 Entropy of mixtures; 9.6 Concluding remarks; Problems; Chapter 10. Thermodynamics of Combustion; 10.1 Simple chemistry; 10.2 Combustion of simple hydrocarbon fuels; 10.3 Heats of formation and heats of reaction; 10.4 Application of the energy equation to the combustion process - a macroscopic approach; 10.5 Combustion processes; 10.6 Examples; 10.7 Concluding remarks; Problems; Chapter 11. Chemistry of Combustion; 11.1 Bond energies and heats of formation |
11.2 Energy of formation |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Although the basic theories of thermodynamics are adequately covered by a number of existing texts, there is little literature that addresses more advanced topics. In this comprehensive work the author redresses this balance, drawing on his twenty-five years of experience of teaching thermodynamics at undergraduate and postgraduate level, to produce a definitive text to cover thoroughly, advanced syllabuses.The book introduces the basic concepts which apply over the whole range of new technologies, considering: a new approach to cycles, enabling their irreversibility to be taken into a |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910830927403321 |
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Autore |
Dege Nicholas |
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Titolo |
Technology of Bottled Water [[electronic resource]] |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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ISBN |
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1-283-40806-6 |
9786613408068 |
1-4443-9331-6 |
1-4443-9333-2 |
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Edizione |
[3rd ed.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (468 p.) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Bottled water |
Bottling |
Chemical & Materials Engineering |
Engineering & Applied Sciences |
Chemical Engineering |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Technology of Bottled Water; Contents; Preface; Contributors; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Background; 1.2 The third edition; 2 Market Development of Bottled Waters; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The historical background; 2.3 Market segmentation; 2.4 Global giants and local leaders; 2.5 Global review; 2.6 USA; 2.7 West Europe into the new millennium; 2.8 China; 2.9 Bottled water and the environment; 2.10 Flavoured and functional waters; 2.11 Trends for the future; References; Further reading; 3 Categories of Bottled Water; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Europe; 3.2.1 Natural mineral waters (NMWs) |
3.2.2 Spring water (SW)3.2.3 Other bottled waters in Europe; 3.2.4 Implementation of the Directives in Europe; 3.3 North America; 3.3.1 United States; 3.3.2 Canada; 3.4 Codex Alimentarius; 3.4.1 Codex and Natural Mineral Waters; 3.4.2 Codex and non-Natural Mineral Waters; 3.5 Russia; 3.5.1 Bottled mineral water; 3.5.2 Bottled drinking water; 3.6 Latin America; 3.6.1 Argentina; 3.6.2 Brazil; 3.6.3 Mexico; 3.7 |
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Australia and New Zealand; 3.8 Asia; 3.9 South Africa; 3.9.1 Natural waters; 3.9.2 Waters defined by origin; 3.9.3 Prepared waters; 3.10 Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References |
4 Hydrogeology of Bottled Waters4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Understanding underground water - Hydrogeology; 4.2.1 Underground water - a key part of the water cycle; 4.2.2 Recharge to underground water; 4.2.3 Groundwater occurrence; 4.2.4 Water levels and groundwater flow; 4.2.5 Storage of water in aquifers; 4.2.6 Wells, springs and boreholes; 4.2.7 Flow to wells and boreholes; 4.3 Groundwater quality; 4.3.1 Hydrochemistry - the history of a groundwater; 4.3.2 Terms, definitions and concepts; 4.3.3 Hardness and alkalinity; 4.3.4 Evolution of groundwaters; 4.3.5 Human influences on groundwater |
4.3.6 Hydrochemical classification of bottled waters4.4 Groundwater source development; 4.4.1 Stages of development; 4.4.2 Resource evaluation; 4.4.3 Source definition; 4.4.4 Source construction; 4.4.5 Variation of aquifer properties with depth; 4.5 Management of groundwater sources; 4.5.1 Record keeping; 4.5.2 Monitoring, maintenance and rehabilitation; 4.5.3 Sampling and water quality analysis; 4.5.4 Monitoring borehole yield; 4.5.5 Changes in water quality; 4.5.6 Control of resource exploitation; 4.6 Protecting groundwater quality; 4.6.1 Changing policies and perspectives |
4.6.2 Source protection zones4.6.3 Hazard identification and mapping; 4.6.4 Groundwater vulnerability and natural attenuation; 4.6.5 Wellhead protection; 4.6.6 Risk assessment and catchment management; References; 5 Water Treatments; 5.1 Why and when water must be treated; 5.1.1 Compliance with local regulations; 5.1.2 Quality reasons; 5.1.3 Marketing reasons; 5.2 Water treatment objectives; 5.2.1 Removal of undissolved elements; 5.2.2 Removal/inactivation of undesirable biological elements; 5.2.3 Removal of undesirable and/or unstable chemical elements; 5.2.4 Addition of 'valuable' elements |
5.3 Water treatment processes |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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The fully revised third edition of this unique and comprehensive overview of the science and technology of the bottled waters industry contains brand new chapters which address these new developments. As well as an updated introductory chapter reviewing the market, the degree to which the global legislative and regulatory picture has changed is examined, and new and increasingly-used quality standards are assessed. The book provides a definitive source of reference for all those involved in bottled water production: beverage technologists, packaging technologists, analytical chemists, microbio |
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