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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910454295703321 |
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Titolo |
No growth without equity? [[electronic resource] ] : inequality, interests, and competition in Mexico / / Santiago Levy and Michael Walton, editors |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Washington, DC, : World Bank |
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Basingstoke ; ; New York, : Palgrave Macmillan, c2009 |
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ISBN |
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0-8213-7769-8 |
1-282-01256-8 |
9786612012563 |
0-8213-7768-X |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (476 p.) |
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Collana |
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Equity and Development Series |
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Altri autori (Persone) |
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LevySantiago |
WaltonMichael |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Income distribution - Mexico |
Economic development - Mexico |
Electronic books. |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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"This book is based on papers originally presented at a conference held in Mexico City on November 27-28, 2006". |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Contents; Contributors; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; Equity, Competition, and Growth in Mexico: An Overview; Figures; Tables; Part I: Concepts and International Experience; Part II: Interactions between Equity, Institutions, and Growth in Mexico; Part III: Equity and Core Institutions in Mexico: Social Security, the Labor Market, and Banking; Part IV: How Unequal Structures Hurt Competition in Major Sectors; Index |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Equity and growth are central concerns for development. They are often treated as separate questions, both in economic and social analysis and development policy. This separation is neither good theory nor good practice. This book examines the relationship between equity and growth in Mexico. The central thesis is that Mexico's poor growth performance of the last twenty five years is intimately linked to inequity. Specific inequalities in power, wealth, and status have created |
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and sustained economic institutions and polices that both tend to perpetuate these inequalities and are sources of ine |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910544877903321 |
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Autore |
Hoole Paul |
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Titolo |
Lightning engineering : physics, computer-based test-bed, protection of ground and airborne systems / / Paul Hoole, Samuel Hoole |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2022] |
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©2022 |
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ISBN |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (314 pages) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Intro -- Preface -- An Outline of the Contents of the Book -- The Unique Contribution of this Book -- Contents -- 1 Introduction to Lightning and Lightning Protection -- 1.1 The Lightning Flash: General Characteristics and Damage Caused -- 1.2 The Leader Stroke -- 1.3 The Return Stroke -- 1.3.1 General Description -- 1.3.2 The Empirical Model -- 1.3.3 Lightning Return Stroke Models -- 1.4 Lightning Radiated Electromagnetic Pulses (LEMP) -- 1.4.1 Computation of Radiated Electromagnetic Pulses -- 1.4.2 Calculating Rate of Rise of Currents from Measured Electric Fields -- 1.5 Electromagnetic Waves -- 1.6 Lightning Protection: An Introduction -- 1.6.1 Lightning Effects -- 1.6.2 Effects of Lightning on Aircraft -- 1.6.3 Lightning Effects on Electric Power Systems Network -- 1.6.4 Substation Protection Systems -- 1.6.5 Rolling Sphere Method Applied in Substation Protections -- 1.6.6 Lightning Protection Methods for Buildings and Infrastructures -- 1.7 Lightning, Climate, Upper ionosphere, and Other Planets -- 1.7.1 Effect of Temperature on Lightning -- 1.7.2 Effect of Lightning on Troposphere -- 1.8 Summary -- Bibliography -- 2 Thunderstorms and Pre-lightning Electrostatics -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Formation of Thunderclouds -- 2.3 The Climatology |
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of Lightning -- 2.3.1 Cloud Electrification -- 2.3.2 Cloud Electric Charge Formation -- 2.4 Negative Lightning Discharge Process -- 2.4.1 The Negative Lightning -- 2.4.2 The Electric Discharge Process -- 2.5 Lightning-Aircraft Electrostatic Interactions -- 2.5.1 Two Types of Attachment Initiation -- 2.5.2 Aircraft-Triggered Lightning -- 2.5.3 Aircraft Intercepted Lightning -- 2.6 Probability of Lightning Strike to Aircraft -- 2.6.1 Factors Affecting Probability -- 2.6.2 Probability Dependence on Aircraft Size -- 2.6.3 Probability Dependence on Flight Profile. |
2.6.4 Probability Dependence on Geographic Area of Operations -- 2.7 Thundercloud Induced Electrostatic Charges -- 2.8 Pre-lightning Flash Electrostatics of Thunderstorms: Analysis -- 2.8.1 The Electrostatic Fields -- 2.8.2 Aircraft and Electric Dipole Placements -- 2.8.3 Determining the Electric Charges Induced on an Aircraft and the Electric Fields Generated Around an Aircraft Body -- 2.8.4 Analysis of the Airbus A380 Aircraft Results -- 2.8.5 Zoning -- 2.8.6 A F16 Military Aircraft Flying Between Two Charged Centers -- 2.9 Electrostatic Fields of Pre-lightning Thundercloud Environment -- 2.10 Electrostatic Computation and Evaluation: A Computer-Based Tool -- 2.11 Personal Lightning Safety -- Bibliography -- 3 Lightning Protection of Domestic, Commercial, and Transport Systems -- 3.1 General -- 3.2 Lightning Protection of Houses -- 3.2.1 An Overview -- 3.2.2 Choosing Service Entrance Surge Protectors (SPDs) -- 3.2.3 Surge Current Rating -- 3.2.4 Ground Potential Rise -- 3.2.5 Signal Protectors -- 3.2.6 Inter-System Bonding -- 3.2.7 Special Purpose Protectors -- 3.3 Boats -- 3.4 Photovoltaic (PV) Systems -- 3.5 Frequency Converter Protection -- 3.6 Networks and Interactive Services -- 3.7 Wind Turbines -- 3.8 Historic Buildings -- Bibliography -- 4 Practice of Lightning Protection: Risk Assessment, External Protection, Internal Protection, Surge Protection, Air Termination, Down Conductor, Earthing, and Shielding -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 General Principles of Lightning Protection -- 4.3 Risk Management -- 4.3.1 Introduction -- 4.3.2 Risk Assessment: Basics -- 4.3.3 Advanced Risk Assessment -- 4.4 Inspection of Lightning Protection System -- 4.5 Internal Lightning Protection -- 4.5.1 Surge Protection Measures -- 4.5.2 Lightning Protection Zones -- 4.5.3 SPM Management -- 4.6 Equipotential Bonding for Metal Installations -- 4.6.1 Prologue. |
4.6.2 Equipotential Bonding for Metal Installations at the Boundary of LPZ0A and LPZ1 -- 4.6.3 Equipotential Bonding for Metal Installations at Boundary of LPZ 1 and LPZ 2 -- 4.6.4 Protective Equipotential Bonding -- 4.6.5 Earth-Termination System for Equipotential Bonding -- 4.6.6 Protective Bonding Conductors -- 4.6.7 Equipotential Bonding Bars -- 4.6.8 Integrating Pipes in Equipotential Bonding System -- 4.6.9 Testing and Monitoring Equipotential Bonding System -- 4.6.10 Supplementary Protective Equipotential Bonding -- 4.6.11 Minimum Cross Section for Equipotential Bonding Conductors -- 4.6.12 Equipotential Bonding for Power Supply Systems -- 4.6.13 Equipotential Bonding for Power Supply Systems at the Boundary of LPZ0A and LPZ1 -- 4.6.14 Equipotential Bonding for Power Supply Systems at the Boundary of LPZ0A and LPZ2 -- 4.6.15 Equipotential Bonding for Power Supply Systems at the Boundary of LPZ1-LPZ2 -- 4.7 Equipotential Bonding for Information Technology (IT) Systems -- 4.7.1 Introduction -- 4.7.2 Equipotential Bonding for IT Systems at the Boundary of LPZ0A and LPZ1 -- 4.7.3 Equipotential Bonding for IT Systems at the Boundary of LPZ0A and LPZ2 -- 4.7.4 Equipotential Bonding for IT Systems at the Boundary of LPZ 1 and LPZ 2 and Higher -- 4.8 Protection of Antenna Systems -- 4.9 Protection of Optical Fiber Installations -- |
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4.10 Telecommunication Lines -- 4.11 Choosing Internal Lightning Protection System: Type of Surge Protection Devices (SPDs) -- 4.12 External Lightning Protection -- 4.13 Air-Termination Systems -- 4.13.1 Isolated and Non-isolated Air-Termination Systems -- 4.13.2 Air-Termination System for Buildings with Different Types of Roof -- 4.13.3 Air-Termination System for Building with Gable Roofs -- 4.13.4 Air-Termination System for Buildings with Flat Roofs -- 4.13.5 Air-Termination System for Buildings with Metal Roofs. |
4.13.6 Air-Termination System for Buildings with Thatched Roofs -- 4.13.7 Air-Termination System for Buildings with Inaccessible Roofs -- 4.13.8 Air-Termination System for Buildings with Green Roofs -- 4.13.9 Air-Termination System for Steeples and Churches -- 4.13.10 Air-Termination Rods Subjected to Wind Loads -- 4.13.11 Safety System and Lightning Protection -- 4.14 Down Conductors -- 4.14.1 Determination of the Number of Down Conductors -- 4.14.2 Down Conductors for a Non-isolated Lightning Protection System -- 4.15 Earth-Termination System -- 4.16 Manufacturer's Test of Lightning Protection Components -- 4.17 Shielding of electrical and electronic systems against LEMP -- 4.17.1 Magnetic Field Calculations for Shielding -- 4.17.2 Calculation of the Magnetic Field Strength in Case of A Direct Lightning Strike -- 4.17.3 To Determine the Magnetic Field in Case of Nearby Lightning Strike -- 4.17.4 Implementation of the Magnetic Shield Attenuation of Building/Room Shield -- 4.17.5 Cable Shielding -- References -- 5 Lightning Physics, Modeling, and Radiated Electromagnetic Fields -- 5.1 Introduction: The Need for Computer-Based Testbeds for Lightning Testing -- 5.2 Lightning Return Stroke -- 5.2.1 Electromagnetic Wave Nature of the Lightning Return Stroke -- 5.2.2 Lightning Return Stroke Models -- 5.3 Analysis of Experimental Data of Lightning Return Stroke -- 5.3.1 Background -- 5.3.2 Lightning Current and Electromagnetic Field Measurements -- 5.3.3 The Empirical Models: Lumped Circuit Model and the Curve Fitting Model -- 5.4 The Distributed Circuit, Transmission Line Model (DLCRM) -- 5.4.1 Background to the DLCRM -- 5.4.2 The Transmission Line Dispersion Relation -- 5.4.3 Numerical Solution of the Transmission Line Wave Equation -- 5.4.4 Return Stroke Velocity and the Transmission Line Model. |
5.5 Negative Cloud to Ground Earth Flash Return Stroke: Simulated by the DLCRM -- 5.5.1 Background -- 5.5.2 LRS Currents from DLCRM Simulation -- 5.5.3 Calculation of the Electric and Magnetic Fields Radiated from the Lightning Currents -- 5.5.4 Computed Electromagnetic Field Pulses LEMPs -- 5.5.5 LRS Electric and Magnetic Fields Calculated from Currents Obtained from DLCRM Simulation -- 5.5.6 Summary -- 5.6 A Case Study: Lightning Interaction with Aircraft -- 5.6.1 Aircraft and Lightning Protection -- 5.6.2 Computation of Lightning Currents and Voltage on An Aircraft -- References -- 6 Localization and Identification of Acoustic and Radio Wave Signals Using Signal Wavefronts with Artificial Intelligence: Applications in Lightning -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Methodology: Test Signals and Wavefronts -- 6.2.1 Methodology for Acoustic Signals -- 6.2.2 Methodology for Radio Wave Signals -- 6.3 Test Results -- 6.3.1 Test Results of Acoustic Signal Model -- 6.3.2 Test Results of Radio Wave Model -- 6.4 An Array Antenna for Direction and Identity of Lightning Radiated Signals -- 6.5 Application of the Perceptron ANN for UHF Lightning Flash Detection -- 6.6 Conclusion -- Bibliography -- 7 Lightning Electrodynamics: Electric Power Systems and Aircraft -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.1.1 Lightning and Electric Power Systems -- 7.1.2 Lightning and Aircraft -- 7.2 Circuit Elements Used in Back Flashover and Shielding Failure Performances -- 7.2.1 Preamble -- 7.2.2 Tower |
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Surge Impedance -- 7.2.3 Shield Wire Surge Impedance -- 7.2.4 Tower Ground Resistance -- 7.2.5 Conductor Circuit Elements -- 7.3 Lightning Fash Parameters -- 7.3.1 Ground Flash Density -- 7.3.2 Number of Lightning Strokes to the Line -- 7.4 Simulations of Lightning Flash to a Transmission Line -- 7.4.1 Back Flashover Analysis for 500 kV Transmission Line. |
7.4.2 Sub-microsecond Analysis of Conductor Back Flashover Current at Substation Tower. |
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