Introduction to Synchrotron Radiation [[electronic resource] ] : Techniques and Applications

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910453593703321
• Autore: Willmott Philip
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hoboken, : Wiley, 2011
• ISBN: 1-119-97286-8
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (370 p.)
• Disciplina: 539.7/35
• Soggetti: Synchrotron radiation; X-ray optics; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di contenuto: An Introduction to Synchrotron Radiation; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgements; 1. Introduction; 1.1 A Potted History of X-rays; 1.2 Synchrotron Sources Over the Last 50 Years; References; 2. The Interaction of X-rays with Matter; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The Electromagnetic Spectrum; 2.3 Thomson Scattering; 2.4 Compton Scattering; 2.5 Atomic Scattering Factors; 2.5.1 Scattering From a Cloud of Free Electrons; 2.5.2 Correction Terms for the Atomic Scattering Factor; 2.6 The Refractive Index, Reflection and Absorption; 2.6.1 The Refractive Index; 2.6.2 Refraction and Reflection; 2.6.3 Absorption; 2.7 X-ray Fluorescence and Auger Emission2.7.1 X-ray Fluorescence; 2.7.2 Auger Emission; 2.7.3 Fluorescence or Auger?; 2.8 Concluding Remarks; References; 3. Synchrotron Physics; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Overview; 3.3 Radiation From Relativistic Electrons; 3.3.1 Magnetic Deflection Fields; 3.3.2 Radiated Power Loss in Synchrotrons; 3.4 Radio Frequency Power Supply and Bunching; 3.5 Photon Beam Properties; 3.5.1 Flux and Brilliance; 3.5.2 Emittance; 3.5.3 Coherence; 3.5.4 Polarization of Synchrotron Radiation; 3.6 Bending Magnets and Superbends; 3.7 Insertion Devices; 3.7.1 Wigglers; 3.7.2 Worked Example: The SLS Materials Science Beamline Wiggler3.7.3 Undulators; 3.8 Future Sources of Synchrotron Light; 3.8.1 The Energy Recovery Linac; 3.8.2 The Free-Electron Laser; 3.8.3 Tabletop Synchrotrons; 3.9 Concluding Remarks; References; 4. Beamlines; 4.1 ; Introduction; 4.2 Front End; 4.2.1 Beam-Position Monitors; 4.2.2 Primary Aperture and Front-End Slits; 4.2.3 Low-Energy Filters; 4.3 Primary Optics; 4.3.1 X-ray Mirrors; 4.3.2 Mirror Focal Lengths - The Coddington Equations; 4.3.3 Monochromators; 4.3.4 Focusing Geometry; 4.4 Microfocus and Nanofocus Optics; 4.4.1 Lens Types; 4.5 Beam Intensity Monitors4.6 Detectors; 4.6.1 Photographic Plates; 4.6.2 Scintillator Detectors; 4.6.3 The Point-Spread Function; 4.6.4 Crystal Analysers; 4.6.5 Image Plates and Charge-Coupled Devices; 4.6.6 Pixel and Microstrip Detectors; 4.6.7 Energy-Dispersive Detectors; 4.7 Time-Resolved Experiments; 4.7.1 Avalanche Photodiodes; 4.7.2 Streak Cameras; 4.8 Concluding Remarks; References; 5. Scattering Techniques; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Diffraction at Synchrotron Sources; 5.3 Description of Crystals; 5.3.1 Lattices and Bases; 5.3.2 Crystal Planes; 5.3.3 Labelling Crystallographic Planes and Axes5.4 Basic Tenets of X-ray Diffraction; 5.4.1 Introduction; 5.4.2 The Bragg Law and the Reciprocal Lattice; 5.4.3 The Influence of the Basis; 5.4.4 Kinematical and Dynamical Diffraction; 5.5 Diffraction and the Convolution Theorem; 5.5.1 The Convolution Theorem; 5.5.2 Understanding the Structure Factor; 5.6 The Phase Problem and Anomalous Diffraction; 5.6.1 Introduction; 5.6.2 The Patterson Map; 5.6.3 Friedel's Law and Bijvoet Mates; 5.6.4 Anomalous Diffraction; 5.6.5 Direct Methods; 5.7 Types of Crystalline Samples; 5.8 Single Crystal Diffraction
• Sommario/riassunto: Since the first use of synchrotron light to investigate the properties of materials half a century ago, it has become increasingly recognized as an invaluable research tool by a broad spectrum of scientists, ranging from physicists and chemists, through molecular biologists and environmental scientists, to geologists and archaeologists. This rising demand for access to synchrotron radiation has also expressed itself in a recent increase in the construction of facilities worldwide to accommodate this diverse and burgeoning user community. Modern synchrotron facilities are therefore one of the p