Biofuels from algae / / edited by Ashok Pandey [and three others]

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910453129403321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Burlington, Massachusetts : , : Elsevier, , 2014
• ISBN: 0-444-59582-1
• Edizione: [First edition.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (351 p.)
• Altri autori (Persone): PandeyAshok
• Disciplina: 662.88
• Soggetti: Algae products; Biomass energy; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Front Cover; Biofuels from Algae; Copyright; Contents; Contributors; Preface; Chapter 1: An Open Pond System for Microalgal Cultivation; 1.1. Introduction; 1.2. Biotechnology and Microalgae; 1.3. Open Pond Systems; 1.4. Main Microalgae Cultivated in Open Pond Systems; 1.4.1. Spirulina; 1.4.2. Chlorella; 1.4.3. Dunaliella; 1.5 Reactor Design; 1.6. Light Regime; 1.7. Hydrodynamics of the Reactor; 1.8. Fixation of Carbon Dioxide (CO2); 1.9. Temperature; 1.10. pH; 1.11. Sterility of Cultivation; 1.12. Biomass Harvest; 1.12.1. Sedimentation Using Gravity; 1.12.2. Flocculation; 1.12.3. Centrifugation1.12.4. Filtration; 1.12.5. Flotation; 1.12.6. Electrophoresis; 1.13. Drying of Biomass; 1.14. Other Microalgal Culture Systems; 1.14.1. Closed Photobioreactors; 1.14.2. Hybrid Photobioreactors; 1.15. Applications of Biomass; 1.15.1. Food; 1.15.2. Drugs; 1.15.3. Biopigments; 1.15.4. Biopolymers; 1.15.5. Biofuels; 1.15.6. Biofertilizers; 1.16. Conclusion; References; Chapter 2: Design of Photobioreactors for Algal Cultivation; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Factors Affecting Microalgae Growth and Biofuels Production; 2.2.1. Carbon Sources; 2.2.2. Nitrogen Source; 2.2.3. Light Supply2.2.4. Temperature; 2.2.5. pH; 2.2.6. Salinity; 2.3. Photobioreactor Design Principles; 2.4. Microalgae Cultivation in Closed and Open PBRs for Biofuel Production; 2.4.1. Open Systems; 2.4.1.1. Simple Ponds; 2.4.1.2. Raceway Ponds; 2.4.2. Closed Systems; 2.4.2.1. Vertical Column Photobioreactors; 2.4.2.2. Flat Plate Photobioreactors; ; 2.4.2.3. Horizontal Tubular Photobioreactors; 2.4.3. General Discussion of Microalgae Cultivation Systems; 2.5. Commercial Microalgae Cultivation Systems for Biofuel Production; 2.6. Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Metabolic Engineering and Molecular Biotechnology of Microalgae for Fuel Production3.1. Introduction; 3.2. Biodiesel; 3.3. Biohydrogen; 3.4. Other Strategies; 3.4.1. Optimization of Light Conversion Efficiency (LHCB); 3.4.2. Recycling and Recovery of Co-products; 3.5. Challenges and Perspectives; References; Chapter 4: Respirometric Balance and Carbon Fixation of Industrially Important Algae; 4.1. Introduction; 4.1.1. Microalgal Metabolism; 4.1.2. Photosynthesis; 4.1.3. Microalgae Culture Fundamentals; 4.2. Carbon Dioxide Fixation by Microalgae; 4.2.1. Carbon Dioxide ́s Role in Photobioreactors4.2.2. Methods of CO2 Fixation Quantification; 4.2.3. Carbon Fixation of Industrially Important Microalgae; 4.2.3.1. Chlorella vulgaris; 4.2.3.2. Botryococcus braunii; 4.2.3.3. Spirulina platensis; 4.2.3.4. Dunaliella sp.; 4.2.3.5. Haematococcus sp.; 4.3. Practical Aspects of Mass Cultivation for CO2 Fixation; 4.3.1. Cultivation Vessels; 4.3.2. Light Diffusion; 4.3.3. Mixing; 4.4. Carbon Market for Microalgal Technologies; References; Chapter 5: Algal Biomass Harvesting; 5.1. Introduction; 5.2. Stability and Separability of Microalgae; 5.3. Methods of Algae Harvesting
• Sommario/riassunto: This book provides in-depth information on basic and applied aspects of biofuels production from algae. It begins with an introduction to the topic, and follows with the basic scientific aspects of algal cultivation and its use for biofuels production, such as photo bioreactor engineering for microalgae production, open culture systems for biomass production and the economics of biomass production. It provides state-of-the-art information on synthetic biology approaches for algae suitable for biofuels production, followed by algal biomass harvesting, algal oils as fuels, biohydrogen product