1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910452379203321

Autore

Pichler Heike

Titolo

The structure of discourse-pragmatic variation [[electronic resource] /] / Heike Pichler, Newcastle University

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Amsterdam : Philadelphia, : John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2013

ISBN

1-299-39641-0

90-272-7218-2

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (298 p.)

Collana

Studies in language variation, , 1872-9592 ; ; v. 13

Disciplina

401/.41

Soggetti

Pragmatics

Discourse markers

Linguistic change

Electronic books.

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

The Structure of Discourse-Pragmatic Variation; Editorial page; Title page; LCC data; Table of contents; List of figures; List of tables; List of abbreviations and typographical conventions; Key to transcription conventions; Glossary of dialect words; Acknowledgements; Part I; 1. Introduction; 1.1 Variationist sociolinguistics and discourse-pragmatic features; 1.2 Discourse-pragmatic features: Definition of scope and terminology; 1.3 Reasons for the neglect of discourse-pragmatic features in variationist research

1.4 Arguments in favour of the quantitative analysis  of discourse-pragmatic features 1.5 Aims and focus of the book; 1.6 Organisation of the book; 2. Data, methodology and theoretical framework; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Data; 2.2.1 Corpus; 2.2.2 Speaker sample; 2.2.3 Summary; 2.3 Variationist sociolinguistics; 2.3.1 Premises of variationist sociolinguistics; 2.3.2 Discourse-pragmatic variables; 2.3.3 Quantitative methods; 2.3.4 Summary; 2.4 Grammaticalisation; 2.4.1 Mechanisms of change in grammaticalisation; 2.4.2 Grammaticalisation and discourse-pragmatic features

2.4.3 Grammaticalisation in synchronic data 2.4.4 Summary; 2.5 Conversation analysis (CA); 2.5.1 Choice of CA; 2.5.2 Key concepts of



CA; 2.5.3 Functional domains; 2.5.4 Quantifying multifunctionality; 2.5.5 Validating qualitative analyses; 2.5.6 Summary; 2.6 Conclusion; 3. The BwE verb negation system; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The evolution of verb negation and negative particles; 3.3 Negative auxiliaries in BwE; 3.3.1 Negative auxiliary variants in BwE; 3.3.2 Geographical distribution and categorisation of negative particle/negative auxiliary variants

3.4 Previous research on negator and negative auxiliary variation 3.4.1 Extra-linguistic distribution of variants; 3.4.2 Intra-linguistic distribution of variants; 3.5 Quantitative analysis of negative particle and negative auxiliary variation; 3.5.1 Distributional analysis; 3.5.2 Multivariate analysis; 3.5.3 Summary of results; 3.6 Conclusion; Part II; 4. The construction i don't know; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Previous research on i don't know; 4.2.2 Quantitative studies: Variation and change in the use of i don't know; 4.2.3 Aims and contribution of this chapter

4.3 The variable context and data coding 4.3.1 The variable and the envelope of variation; 4.3.2 The dependent variable: Variants of i don't know in BwE; 4.3.3 Independent variables: Data coding; 4.4 Qualitative analysis of i don't know; 4.4.1 Functions performed by unbound i don't know; 4.4.2 Functions performed by bound i don't know with phrasal or clausal complements; 4.4.3 Functions performed by i don't know with dependent wh-words; 4.4.4 Summary of functions; 4.5 Quantitative analysis of i don't know; 4.5.1 Distributional analysis; 4.5.2 Multivariate analysis; 4.5.3 Summary of results

4.6 Discussion

Sommario/riassunto

Everyday language use overflows with discourse-pragmatic features. Their frequency, form and function can vary greatly across social groups and change dramatically over time. And yet these features have not figured prominently in studies of language variation and change. The Structure of Discourse-Pragmatic Variation demonstrates the theoretical insights that can be gained into both the structure of synchronic language variation and the interactional mechanisms creating it by subjecting discourse-pragmatic features to systematic variationist analysis. Introducing an innovative methodology that



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910959903403321

Autore

Somit Albert

Titolo

The Failure of Democratic Nation Building: Ideology Meets Evolution / / by A. Somit, S. Peterson

Pubbl/distr/stampa

New York : , : Palgrave Macmillan US : , : Imprint : Palgrave Macmillan, , 2005

ISBN

9786611363871

9781281363879

1281363871

9781403978424

1403978425

Edizione

[1st ed. 2005.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (174 p.)

Altri autori (Persone)

PetersonSteven A

Disciplina

327.73/009/015

Soggetti

Economic development

International relations

Political science

Development Studies

International Relations

Political Science

Political Theory

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references (p. [137]-150) and indexes.

Nota di contenuto

Cover; Contents; List of Tables; Preface; Acknowledgments; 1 Introduction; 2 Authoritarian Government: The Default Option; 3 What is a Democracy?: Toward a Working Definition; 4 Democratic Nation Building: From Concept to Operational ""Checklist""; 5 Democracy: The Requisite ""Enabling Conditions""-No Small Order; 6 Will the Real Democracies Please Stand Up?; 7 American Nation Building, 1945-2005: Costs and Consequences; 8 The Fourth ""Whereas""; 9 ""Therefore Be It Resolved..."": Toward More Realistic Foreign and Domestic Policies; Notes; References; Name Index; Subject Index

Sommario/riassunto

Throughout history authoritarian governments have outnumbered democratic ones to an overwhelming degree. Even today, true



democracies are an exception. In this book, Somit and Peterson argue that the main reason for this pattern is that humans are social primates with an innate tendency for hierarchical and authoritarian social and political structures. Democracy requires very special 'enabling conditions' before it can be supported by a state, conditions that require decades to evolve. As a result, attempts to export democracy through nation-building to states without these enabling conditions are doomed to failure. The authors argue that money and energy devoted to nation-building around the globe by the U.S. would be better spent on problems facing the country domestically.