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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910438113003321 |
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Autore |
Li Tongcang |
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Titolo |
Fundamental Tests of Physics with Optically Trapped Microspheres / / by Tongcang Li |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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New York, NY : , : Springer New York : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2013 |
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ISBN |
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1-283-91005-5 |
1-4614-6031-X |
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Edizione |
[1st ed. 2013.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (134 p.) |
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Collana |
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Springer Theses, Recognizing Outstanding Ph.D. Research, , 2190-5053 |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Thermodynamics |
Quantum physics |
Nanoscale science |
Nanoscience |
Nanostructures |
Low temperature physics |
Low temperatures |
Statistical physics |
Dynamical systems |
Quantum Physics |
Nanoscale Science and Technology |
Low Temperature Physics |
Complex Systems |
Statistical Physics and Dynamical Systems |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Introduction -- Physical Principle of Optical Tweezers -- Optical Trapping of Glass Microspheres in Air and Vacuum -- Measuring the Instantaneous Velocity of a Brownian Particle in Air -- Towards Measurement of the Instantaneous Velocity of a Brownian Particle in Water -- Millikelvin Cooling of an Optically Trapped Microsphere in Vacuum -- Towards Quantum Ground-State Cooling -- Appendix. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Fundamental Tests of Physics with Optically Trapped Microspheres |
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details experiments on studying the Brownian motion of an optically trapped microsphere with ultrahigh resolution and the cooling of its motion towards the quantum ground state. Glass microspheres were trapped in water, air, and vacuum with optical tweezers; and a detection system that can monitor the position of a trapped microsphere with Angstrom spatial resolution and microsecond temporal resolution was developed to study the Brownian motion of a trapped microsphere in air over a wide range of pressures. The instantaneous velocity of a Brownian particle, in particular, was measured for the very first time, and the results provide direct verification of the Maxwell-Boltzmann velocity distribution and the energy equipartition theorem for a Brownian particle. For short time scales, the ballistic regime of Brownian motion is observed, in contrast to the usual diffusive regime. In vacuum, active feedback is used to cool the center-of-mass motion of an optically trapped microsphere from room temperature to a minimum temperature of about 1.5 mK. This is an important step toward studying the quantum behaviors of a macroscopic particle trapped in vacuum. |
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