Documenting domestication [[electronic resource] ] : new genetic and archaeological paradigms / / edited by Melinda A. Zeder ... [et al.]

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910450220303321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Berkeley, Calif., : University of California Press, c2006
• ISBN: 1-282-35893-6; 1-4237-8965-2; 9786612358937; 0-520-93242-0; 1-60129-382-8
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (377 p.)
• Classificazione: WG 9300
• Altri autori (Persone): ZederMelinda A
• Disciplina: 631.5/233
• Soggetti: Plants, Cultivated - Genetics; Plant remains (Archaeology); Domestic animals - Genetics; Animal remains (Archaeology); Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Front matter -- Contents -- List Of Contributors -- List Of Tables -- List Of Figures -- 1. Documenting Domestication: Bringing Together Plants, Animals, Archaeology, And Genetics -- 2. Documenting Domesticated Plants In The Archaeological Record -- 3. Seed Size Increase As A Marker Of Domestication In Squash (Cucurbita Pepo) -- 4. A Morphological Approach To Documenting The Domestication Of Chenopodium In The Andes -- 5. Identifying Manioc (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) And Other Crops In Pre-Columbian Tropical America Through Starch Grain Analysis: A Case Study From Central Panama -- 6. Phytolith Evidence For The Early Presence Of Domesticated Banana (Musa) In Africa -- 7. Documenting The Presence Of Maize In Central And South America Through Phytolith Analysis Of Food Residues -- 8. Genetic Data And Plant Domestication -- 9. DNA Sequence Data And Inferences On Cassava's Origin Of Domestication -- 10. Relationship Between Chinese Chive (Allium Tuberosum) And Its Putative Progenitor ; A. Ramosum As Assessed By Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) -- 11. Using Multiple Types Of Molecular Markers To Understand Olive Phylogeography -- 12. Origins Of Polyploid Crops: The Example Of The Octoploid Tuber Crop Oxalis Tuberosa -- 13. Archaeological Approaches To Documenting Animal Domestication -- 14. A Critical Assessment Of Markers Of Initial Domestication In Goats (Capra Hircus) -- 15. The Domestication Of The Pig (Sus Scrofa): New Challenges And Approaches -- 16. The Domestication Of South American Camelids: A View From The South-Central Andes -- 17. Early Horse Domestication On The Eurasian Steppe -- 18. Documenting Domestication: Reading Animal Genetic Texts -- 19. Genetic Analysis Of Dog Domestication -- 20. Origins And Diffusion Of Domestic Goats Inferred From DNA Markers: Example Analyses Of mtDNA, Y Chromosome, And Microsatellites -- 21. Mitochondrial DNA Diversity In Modern Sheep: Implications For Domestication -- 22. Genetics And Origins Of Domestic Cattle -- 23. Genetic Analysis Of The Origins Of Domestic South American Camelids -- 24. Genetic Documentation Of Horse And Donkey Domestication -- Index
• Sommario/riassunto: Agriculture is the lever with which humans transformed the earth over the last 10,000 years and created new forms of plant and animal species that have forever altered the face of the planet. In the last decade, significant technological and methodological advances in both molecular biology and archaeology have revolutionized the study of plant and animal domestication and are reshaping our understanding of the transition from foraging to farming, one of the major turning points in human history. This groundbreaking volume for the first time brings together leading archaeologists and biologists working on the domestication of both plants and animals to consider a wide variety of archaeological and genetic approaches to tracing the origin and dispersal of domesticates. It provides a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in this quickly changing field as well as reviews of recent findings on specific crop and livestock species in the Americas, Eurasia, and Africa. Offering a unique global perspective, it explores common challenges and potential avenues for future progress in documenting domestication.

Asylum Matters : On the Front Line of Administrative Decision-Making / / by Laura Affolter

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910427730003321
• Autore: Affolter Laura
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Springer Nature, 2021; Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Palgrave Macmillan, , 2021
• ISBN: 3-030-61512-X
• Edizione: [1st ed. 2021.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (XVII, 203 p. 4 illus., 2 illus. in color.)
• Collana: Palgrave Socio-Legal Studies
• Disciplina: 341.48; 364; 342.494083
• Soggetti: Human rights; Criminology; Criminal justice, Administration of; Emigration and immigration; Human geography; Social justice; Human Rights and Crime; Criminal Justice; Migration; Human Geography; Human Rights; Social Justice, Equality and Human Rights
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di contenuto: Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Praise for Asylum Matters -- Contents -- Abbreviations -- List of Figures -- 1 Shaping Administrative Practice: The Institutional Habitus -- The Shaping of Discretion -- Assessing Credibility in Asylum Procedures: A Subjective Matter? -- The Institutional Habitus: A Brief Conceptual Introduction -- Outline of the Book -- References -- 2 Studying Everyday Practice(s) in the SEM -- Getting into the "Black Box" -- "Getting In"... Literally -- Doing ; Fieldwork -- Following People Around -- Method Triangulation -- The Researcher as a Learner -- My Interaction Partners in the SEM -- Thinking Through and with Practice Theory: Methodological Limits and Challenges -- References -- 3 Asylum Decision-Making in Switzerland -- Asylum Politics in Switzerland and Beyond -- Changing Law and the Proliferation of Legal Categories -- The SEM: A Specialised Asylum Administration Emerges -- The Decision-Making Procedure -- The Swiss Asylum Act -- References -- 4 Knowledge as Practice: Producing Decisional Certainty -- Ben's Case -- "Country Knowledge" -- Determining Applicants' "Country of Origin" -- Assessing Reasonable Likelihood -- Assessing Demeanour -- Producing Decisional Certainty: The Role of Professional-Practical Knowledge -- Producing On-File Facts: The Asylum Interview -- Writing Asylum Decisions: The Final Creation of Legal Facts -- Managing Uncertainty: The Importance of Credibility Determination -- Concluding Remarks -- References -- 5 Getting in Line with the Office -- Becoming a Member of the Office -- Who Are the Decision-Makers? -- Recruiting New Decision-Makers -- Communities of Interpretation -- Learning the Ropes of Asylum Decision-Making -- Learning What Questions to Ask -- Learning to Test Credibility -- Accountability -- Peer Pressure -- Accountability Towards Superiors and Beyond.; A Brief Summary: Acquiring an Institutional Habitus -- References -- 6 The Good Decision-Maker or Protecting the System -- Negotiating "the Right" Decision: A Field Anecdote -- Ethics of the Office: Decision-Makers as Protectors of the System -- Ethos of the Office: Professional Norms and Values -- The Efficient, Fast and Economical Decision-Maker -- The Neutral, Apolitical Decision-Maker -- The Objective, Sufficiently Distanced and Emotionally Detached Decision-Maker -- The Sufficiently but Not Overly Suspicious Decision-Maker -- Ethos Is Ethics: The Fair Decision-Maker -- Conclusion -- References -- 7 The Normalisation of Disbelief -- References -- Index.
• Sommario/riassunto: This open access book examines everyday practices in an asylum administration. Asylum decisions are often criticised as being ‘subjective’ or ‘arbitrary’. Asylum Matters turns this claim on its head. Through the ethnographic study of asylum decision-making in the Swiss Secretariat for Migration, the book shows how regularities in administrative practice and ‘socialised subjectivity’ are produced. It argues that asylum caseworkers acquire an institutional habitus through their socialisation on the job, making them ‘carriers’ of routine practices. The different chapters of the book deal with what it means to methodologically study administrative practice: with how asylum proceedings work in Switzerland and with the role different types of knowledge play in overcoming the uncertainties inherent in refugee status and credibility determination. It sheds light on organisational socialisation processes and on the professional norms and values at the heart of administrative work. By doing so, it shows how disbelief becomes normalised in the office. This book speaks to legal scholars, sociologists, anthropologists, human geographers and political scientists interested in bureaucracy, asylum law, migration studies and socio-legal studies, and to NGOs working in the field of asylum. Laura Affolter is a postdoctoral researcher in the Research Group Sociology of Law at the Hamburg Institute for Social Research, Germany, and Associate Researcher at the Institute for Social Anthropology in Bern, Switzerland. Her (co-authored) publications include Taking the ‘Just’ Decision (2019) and Keeping Numbers Low in the Name of Fairness (2020).