1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910467926503321

Autore

Stroup Sarah S (Sarah Snip), <1978->

Titolo

The authority trap : strategic choices of international NGOs / / Sarah S. Stroup and Wendy H. Wong

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Ithaca : , : Cornell University Press, , 2017

ISBN

1-5017-1241-1

1-5017-0977-1

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (pages cm)

Disciplina

352.3/421106

Soggetti

Non-governmental organizations - Political aspects

Organizational behavior - Political aspects

Organizational effectiveness - Political aspects

Authority

Reputation - Political aspects

Electronic books.

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

Authority and audiences -- The exceptional nature of INGO authority -- Targeting states -- INGOs and corporations -- With friends like these : INGOs as audience -- Audience-based authority in politics.

Sommario/riassunto

Not all international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) are created equal, Some have emerged as "leading INGOs" that command deference from various powerful audiences and are well-positioned to influence the practices of states, corporations, and other INGOs. Yet Sarah S. Stroup and Wendy H. Wong make a strong case for the tenuous nature of this position: in order to retain their authority, INGOs such as Greenpeace, Oxfam, and Amnesty International refrain from expressing radical opinions that severely damage their long-term reputation. Stroup and Wong contend such INGOs must constantly adjust their behavior to maintain a delicate equilibrium that preserves their status.Activists, scholars, and students seeking to understand how international organizations garner and conserve power-and how this affects their ability to fulfill their stated missions-will find much of value in The Authority Trap. The authors use case studies that



illuminate how INGOs are received by three main audiences: NGO peers, state policymakers, and corporations. In the end, the authors argue, the more authority an INGO has, the more constrained is its ability to affect the conduct of world politics.

2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910411652903321

Autore

Higgins Thomas E. <1948->

Titolo

Toxic chemicals : risk prevention through use reduction / / Thomas E. Higgins and Jayanti A. Sachdev, Stephen A. Engleman

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Boca Raton, FL : , : CRC Press, , [2011]

©2011

ISBN

1-000-21867-8

0-429-10623-8

1-283-00469-0

9786613004697

1-4398-3916-6

Edizione

[1st ed.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (344 p.)

Classificazione

LAW034000SCI026000TEC020000

Disciplina

363.17/91

363.73847

363.1791

Soggetti

Chemical industry - Waste minimization

Hazardous wastes - Management - Government policy

Chemicals - Accidents - Prevention

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Description based upon print version of record.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Nota di contenuto

Front cover; Contents; Foreword; Acknowledgments; About the Authors; Acronyms and Abbreviations; Chapter 1. Introduction; Chapter 2. Toxic Chemical Composition Reporting; Chapter 3. Toxic Chemical Release Reporting; Chapter 4. TRI Programs in Other Countries; Chapter 5. TRI Program Impacts on Reducing Toxic Chemical Releases; Chapter 6. Quantifying Toxicity; Chapter 7. Quantifying Mobility; Chapter 8. Quantifying Persistence; Chapter 9. Quantifying Bioconcentration; Chapter 10. Developing Effective Toxicity Factors; Chapter 11. Focusing



on Impact Chemicals

Chapter 12. Use versus Release ReportingChapter 13. Pollution Prevention Planning; Chapter 14. Technical Assistance; Chapter 15. Market-Based Approaches to Environmental Protection; Chapter 16. A Program to Reduce Toxic Chemical Use; Chapter 17. Costs and Benefits; Appendix A: Chemicals List with CAS Numbers; Appendix B: CAS Numbers with Chemical Names; Back cover

Sommario/riassunto

Catastrophic events such as the Bhopal, India tragedy and rising incidences of cancer in areas neighboring industrial facilities have heightened concern over the use of toxic chemicals in manufacturing and industry. Based on the author's research conducted through their development of a program in Sao Paulo, Brazil, the book explores the history of toxic chemical release reporting programs, presents data on the actual toxicity of chemicals currently in use, discusses variables that contribute to the relative toxicity of a substance, compares alternate emphases in existing programs for reducing environmental threats, and provides a specific and health-based program to reduce or eliminate the use of toxic chemicals--