1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910697275403321

Titolo

Vacuum holding fixture and method for fabricating piezolectric poylmer acoustic sensors [[electronic resource] /] / inventor, E. Thomas Hall, Jr

Pubbl/distr/stampa

[Washington, DC] : , : [National Aeronautics and Space Administration], , [1994]

Edizione

[[Redacted ed.]]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource : illustrations

Collana

NASA case ; ; no. LAR 14240-1

Altri autori (Persone)

HallE. Thomas

Soggetti

Adhesive bonding

Fixtures

Piezoelectricity

Polymeric films

Sound detecting and ranging

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Title from PDF title screen (NASA, viewed June 23, 2010).



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910409997803321

Autore

Pinkston John Alexander

Titolo

Evidence and Hypothesis in Clinical Medical Science / / by John Alexander Pinkston

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2020

ISBN

3-030-44270-5

Edizione

[1st ed. 2020.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (xiii, 152 pages)

Collana

Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science, , 0166-6991 ; ; 426

Disciplina

610.1

Soggetti

Medicine—Philosophy

Research—Moral and ethical aspects

Medical ethics

Cancer - Research

Philosophy of Medicine

Research Ethics

Theory of Medicine/Bioethics

Cancer Research

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Includes index.

Nota di contenuto

1. Introduction -- 2. Theories of Confirmation in which Hypotheses do not have Probabilities -- 3. Theories of Confirmation in which Hypotheses have Probabilities, and Inference to the Best Explanation -- 4. Confirmation of Hypotheses in Clinical Medical Science -- 5. A Weight of Evidence Account -- 6. The Weight of Evidence Account Defended -- 7. Justification for the Hierarchical Pyramid of Evidence-Based Medicine and a Defense of Randomization -- 8. Ethics and Evidence: Is Evidence from Randomized Controlled Trials Necessary to Firmly Establish a New Therapy? -- Index.

Sommario/riassunto

In this book, the author argues that no current philosophical theory of evidence in clinical medical science is adequate. None can accurately explain the way evidence is gathered and used to confirm hypotheses. To correct this, he proposes a new approach called the weight of evidence account. This innovative method supplies a satisfactory



explanation and rationale for the “hierarchical pyramid” of evidence–based medicine, with randomized clinical trials and their derivatives, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews of randomized clinical trials at the top and case reports, case series, expert opinion, and the like at the bottom. The author illustrates the development of various “levels” of evidence by considering the evolution of less invasive surgical treatments for early breast cancer. He shows that the weight of evidence account explains the notion of levels of evidence and other efforts to rank them. In addition, he presents a defense of randomization as a method to maximize accuracy in the conduct of clinical trials. The title also considers ethical issues surrounding experimentation with medical therapies in human subjects. It illustrates and discusses these issues in studies of respiratory therapies in neonates and treatment for certain cancers in adults. The author shows that in many cases sufficient evidence can be accrued to warrant generally accepted new therapies without the need for evidence derived from randomized clinical trials.