Physics of fluid flow and transport in unconventional reservoir rocks / / edited by Behzad Ghanbarian, Feng Liang, and Hui-Hai Liu

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910830019503321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hoboken, New Jersey : , : John Wiley & Sons, Inc., , [2023]; ©2023
• ISBN: 1-119-72991-2; 1-119-72784-7
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (380 pages)
• Disciplina: 622.338
• Soggetti: Hydrocarbon reservoirs - Analysis; Rocks - Permiability; Petroleum - Migration; Fluid dynamics
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Preface -- Introduction -- Chapter 1 Unconventional Reservoirs: Advances and Challenges -- 1.1 Background -- 1.2 Advances -- 1.2.1 Wettability -- 1.2.2 Permeability -- 1.3 Challenges -- 1.3.1 Multiscale Systems -- 1.3.2 Hydrocarbon Production -- 1.3.3 Recovery Factor -- 1.3.4 Unproductive Wells -- 1.4 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Part I Pore-Scale Characterizations -- Chapter 2 Pore-Scale Simulations and Digital Rock Physics -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Physics of Pore-Scale Fluid Flow in Unconventional Rocks -- 2.2.1 Physics of Gas Flow -- 2.2.1.1 Gas Slippage and Knudsen Layer Effect -- 2.2.1.2 Gas Adsorption/Desorption and Surface Diffusion -- 2.2.2 Physics of Water Flow -- 2.2.3 Physics of Condensation -- 2.3 Theory of Pore-Scale Simulation Methods -- 2.3.1 The Isothermal Single-Phase Lattice Boltzmann Method -- 2.3.1.1 Bhatnagar-Gross-Krook (BGK) Collision Operator -- 2.3.1.2 The Multi-Relaxation Time (MRT)-LB Scheme -- 2.3.1.3 The Regularization Procedure -- 2.3.2 Multi-phase Lattice Boltzmann Simulation Method -- 2.3.2.1 Color-Gradient Model -- 2.3.2.2 Shan-; Chen Model -- 2.3.3 Capture Fluid Slippage at the Solid Boundary -- 2.3.4 Capture the Knudsen Layer/Effective Viscosity -- 2.3.5 Capture the Adsorption/Desorption and Surface Diffusion Effects -- 2.3.5.1 Modeling of Adsorption in LBM -- 2.3.5.2 Modeling of Surface Diffusion Via LBM -- 2.4 Applications -- 2.4.1 Simulation of Gas Flow in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks -- 2.4.1.1 Gas Slippage -- 2.4.1.2 Gas Adsorption -- 2.4.1.3 Surface Diffusion of Adsorbed Gas -- 2.4.2 Simulation of Water Flow in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks -- 2.4.3 Simulation of Immiscible Two-Phase Flow -- 2.4.4 Simulation of Vapor Condensation -- 2.4.4.1 Model Validations.; 2.4.4.2 Vapor Condensation in Two Adjacent Nano-Pores -- 2.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 Digital Rock Modeling: A Review -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Single-Scale Modeling of Digital Rocks -- 3.2.1 Experimental Techniques -- 3.2.1.1 Imaging Technique of Serial Sectioning -- 3.2.1.2 Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy -- 3.2.1.3 X-Ray Computed Tomography Scanning -- 3.2.2 Computational Methods -- 3.2.2.1 Simulated Annealing -- 3.2.2.2 Markov Chain Monte Carlo -- 3.2.2.3 Sequential Indicator Simulation -- 3.2.2.4 Multiple-Point Statistics -- 3.2.2.5 Machine Learning -- 3.2.2.6 Process-Based Modeling -- 3.3 Multiscale Modeling of Digital Rocks -- 3.3.1 Multiscale Imaging Techniques -- 3.3.2 Computational Methods -- 3.3.2.1 Image Superposition -- 3.3.2.2 Pore-Network Integration -- 3.3.2.3 Image Resolution Enhancement -- 3.3.2.4 Object-Based Reconstruction -- 3.4 Conclusions and Future Perspectives -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 4 Scale Dependence of Permeability and Formation Factor: A Simple Scaling Law -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Theory -- 4.2.1 Funnel Defect Approach -- 4.2.2 Application to Porous Media -- 4.3 Pore-network Simulations -- 4.4 Results and Discussion -- 4.5 Limitations -- 4.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Part II Core-Scale Heterogeneity -- Chapter 5 Modeling Gas Permeability in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.1.1 Theoretical Models -- 5.1.2 Pore-Network Models -- 5.1.3 Gas Transport Mechanisms -- 5.1.4 Objectives -- 5.2 Effective-Medium Theory -- 5.3 Single-Phase Gas Permeability -- 5.3.1 Gas Permeability in a Cylindrical Tube -- 5.3.2 Pore Pressure-Dependent Gas Permeability in Tight Rocks -- 5.3.3 Comparison with Experiments -- 5.3.4 Comparison with Pore-Network Simulations -- 5.3.5 Comparaison with Lattice-Boltzmann Simulations.; 5.4 Gas Relative Permeability -- 5.4.1 Hydraulic Flow in a Cylindrical Pore -- 5.4.2 Molecular Flow in a Cylindrical Pore -- 5.4.3 Total Gas Flow in a Cylindrical Pore -- 5.4.4 Gas Relative Permeability in Tight Rocks -- 5.4.5 Comparison with Experiments -- 5.4.6 Comparison with Pore-Network Simulations -- 5.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgment -- References -- Chapter 6 NMR and Its Applications in Tight Unconventional Reservoir Rocks -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.2 Basic NMR Physics -- 6.2.1 Nuclear Spin -- 6.2.2 Nuclear Zeeman Splitting and NMR -- 6.2.3 Nuclear Magnetization -- 6.2.4 Bloch „Equations’and NMR Relaxation -- 6.2.5 Simple NMR Experiments: Free Induction Decay and CPMG Echoes -- 6.2.6 NMR Relaxation of a Pure Fluid in a Rock Pore -- 6.2.7 Measured NMR CPMG Echoes in a Formation Rock -- 6.2.8 Inversion -- 6.2.8.1 Regularized Linear Least Squares -- 6.2.8.2 Constrains of the Resulted NMR Spectrum in Inversion -- 6.2.9 Data from NMR Measurement -- 6.3 NMR Logging for Unconventional Source Rock Reservoirs -- 6.3.1 Brief Introduction of Unconventional Source Rocks -- 6.3.2 NMR Measurement of Source Rocks -- 6.3.2.1 NMR Log of a Source Rock Reservoir -- 6.3.3 Pore Size Distribution in a Shale Gas Reservoir -- 6.4 NMR Measurement of Long Whole Core -- 6.4.1 Issues of NMR Instrument for Long Sample ; -- 6.4.2 HSR-NMR of Long Core -- 6.4.3 Application Example -- 6.5 NMR Measurement on Drill Cuttings -- 6.5.1 Measurement Method -- 6.5.1.1 Preparation of Drill Cuttings -- 6.5.1.2 Measurements -- 6.5.2 Results -- 6.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7 Tight Rock Permeability Measurement in Laboratory: Some Recent Progress -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Commonly Used Laboratory Methods -- 7.2.1 Steady-State Flow Method -- 7.2.2 Pressure Pulse-Decay Method -- 7.2.3 Gas Research Institute Method.; 7.3 Simultaneous Measurement of Fracture and Matrix Permeabilities from Fractured Core Samples -- 7.3.1 Estimation of Fracture and Matrix Permeability from PPD Data for’Two’Flow’Regimes -- 7.3.2 Mathematical Model -- 7.3.3 Method Validation and Discussion -- 7.4 Direct Measurement of Permeability-Pore Pressure Function -- 7.4.1 Knudsen Diffusion, Slippage Flow, and Effective Gas Permeability -- 7.4.2 Methodology for Directly Measuring Permeability-Pore Pressure Function -- 7.4.3 Experiments -- 7.5 Summary and Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 8 Stress-Dependent Matrix Permeability in Unconventional Reservoir Rocks -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Sample Descriptions -- 8.3 Permeability Test Program -- 8.4 Permeability Behavior with Confining Stress Cycling -- 8.5 Matrix Permeability Behavior -- 8.6 Concluding Remarks -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 9 Assessment of Shale Wettability from Spontaneous Imbibition Experiments -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Spontaneous Imbibition Theory -- 9.3 Samples and Analytical Methods -- 9.3.1 SI Experiments -- 9.3.2 Barnett Shale from United States -- 9.3.3 Silurian Longmaxi Formation and Triassic Yanchang Formation Shales from China -- 9.3.4 Jurassic Ziliujing Formation Shale from China -- 9.4 Results and Discussion -- 9.4.1 Complicated Wettability of Barnett Shale Inferred Qualitatively from SI Experiments -- 9.4.1.1 Wettability of Barnett Shale -- 9.4.1.2 Properties of Barnett Samples and Their Correlation to Wettability -- 9.4.1.3 Low Pore Connectivity to Water of Barnett Samples -- 9.4.2 More Oil-Wet Longmaxi Formation Shale and More Water-Wet Yanchang Formation Shale -- 9.4.2.1 TOC and Mineralogy -- 9.4.2.2 Pore Structure Difference Between Longmaxi and Yanchang Samples -- 9.4.2.3 Water and Oil Imbibition Experiments.; 9.4.2.4 Wettability of Longmaxi and Yanchang Shale Samples Deduced from SI Experiments -- 9.4.3 Complicated Wettability of Ziliujing Formation Shale -- 9.4.3.1 TOC and Mineralogy -- 9.4.3.2 Pore Structure -- 9.4.3.3 Water and Oil Imbibition Experiments -- 9.4.3.4 Wettability of Ziliujing Formation Shale Indicated from SI Experiments and its Correlation to Shale Pore Structure and Composition -- 9.4.4 Shale Wettability Evolution Model -- 9.5 Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 10 Permeability Enhancement in Shale Induced by Desorption -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.1.1 Shale Mineralogical Characteristics -- 10.1.2 Flow Network -- 10.1.2.1 Bedding-Parallel Flow Network -- 10.1.2.2 Bedding-Perpendicular Flow Paths -- 10.2 Adsorption in Shales -- 10.2.1 Langmuir Theory -- 10.2.2 Competing Strains in Permeability Evolution -- 10.2.2.1 Poro-Sorptive Strain -- 10.2.2.2 Thermal-Sorptive Strain -- 10.3 Permeability Models for Sorptive Media -- 10.3.1 Strain Based Models -- 10.4 Competing Processes during Permeability Evolution -- 10.4.1 Resolving Competing Strains -- 10.4.2 Solving for Sorption-Induced Permeability Evolution -- 10.5 Desorption Processes Yielding Permeability Enhancement -- 10.5.1 Pressure Depletion -- 10.5.2 Lowering Partial Pressure -- 10.5.3 Sorptive Gas Injection -- 10.5.4 Desorption with Increased Temperature -- 10.6 Permeability Enhancement Due to Nitrogen ; Flooding -- 10.7 Discussion -- 10.8 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 11 Multiscale Experimental Study on Interactions Between Imbibed Stimulation Fluids and Tight Carbonate Source Rocks -- 11.1 Introduction -- 11.2 Fluid Uptake Pathways -- 11.2.1 Experimental Methods -- 11.2.1.1 Materials -- 11.2.1.1.1 Rock Sample -- 11.2.1.2 Experimental Procedure.; 11.2.1.2.1 3D Microscale Visualization of Thin-Section Rock Sample in As-Received State.

EDiR - The Essential Guide / / by Judith Babar, Oğuz Dicle, Hildo J. Lamb, Laura Oleaga, Fermín Sáez

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910349548703321
• Autore: Babar Judith
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2019
• ISBN: 9783030200664; 3030200663
• Edizione: [1st ed. 2019.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (XIV, 214 p. 181 illus., 36 illus. in color.)
• Disciplina: 616.0757076; 616.0757
• Soggetti: Radiology
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di contenuto: Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- 1. Abdominal Radiology -- 2. Breast Radiology -- 3. Cardiac Radiology -- 4. Chest Radiology -- 5. Genitourinary Radiology -- 6. Head and Neck Radiology -- 7. Interventional and Vascular Radiology -- 8. Musculoskeletal Radiology -- 9. Neuroradiology -- 10. Paediatric Radiology -- 10. Contrast Media and Radiopharmaceuticals -- 11. Imaging Physics -- 13. Safety and Management.
• Sommario/riassunto: This EDiR guide has a practical rather than a theoretical focus, and is intended as a reference tool for potential EDiR candidates who would like to gain a better understanding of the EDiR examination. A pool of experts has made every possible effort to create a single source that contains everything needed to successfully pass the EDiR examination. ; Times have changed, and there is certainly a new generation of radiologists who will find this cutting-edge tool a “must-have” to familiarize themselves with the examination quickly and easily. The book is divided into the following main sections: one chapter for each subspecialty; one chapter on Safety, Management and Imaging Procedures; another on Principles of Imaging Techniques and Processing; and lastly, one on Management. This structure follows the same pattern as the EDiR examination, which is based on the European Training Curriculum (ETC) for Radiology released by the European Society of Radiology (ESR). Each subspecialty is covered using the same basic structure: Multiple Response Questions (MRQs), Short Cases (SCs) and CORE Cases from one of the most recent EDiR examinations. Students will thus be able to see all the questions from a recent examination and learn from the answers and comments provided by our pool of experts. Clinical cases as electronic supplementary material complete the book, and links to EDiR preparation sessions are also included, allowing students to improve their knowledge of specific areas.