1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910510405003321

Autore

Aubert Isabelle

Titolo

La valeur du désaccord / / Loïc Nicolas, Jérôme Ravat, Albin Wagener

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Paris, : Éditions de la Sorbonne, 2021

ISBN

9791035107048

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (452 p.)

Collana

Philosophie

Altri autori (Persone)

BallangéAliénor

DebonoMarc

DesmonsOphélie

de RobillardDidier

DouetYohann

GarricNathalie

GauthierGilles

GoldbergMichel

HuverEmmanuelle

LétourneauAlain

MariscalVincent

NicolasLoïc

NocentiBrice

PicavetEmmanuel

PierozakIsabelle

RavatJérôme

RichardAlexis

RomanSébastien

RondeauDany

SakiMohamed

SommererErwan

SouchardMaryse

WagenerAlbin

WallenhorstNathanaël

Soggetti

Philosophy

démocratie

désaccord

liberté d’expression

Lingua di pubblicazione

Francese



Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Sommario/riassunto

Aussi familier soit-il, le désaccord déconcerte et déroute. Qu’on s’en délecte ou qu’on le fuit, objet secret de désir ou de crainte, le désaccord reste une énigme. Le concept, sans cesse, se dérobe et résiste. Il échappe aux tentatives de le réduire à une définition trop étroite, sans souplesse ni texture. À contre-courant des idées reçues, à rebours de la doxa philosophique, le présent ouvrage travaille à révéler l’unité structurelle et la valeur profonde du désaccord. Dès lors, les vingt-trois contributions réunies ici en dévoilent le sens et la grandeur, par contraste avec ce qu’il n’est pas. Dans la diversité des approches, elles incitent à une conversion du regard et permettent de percevoir le désaccord comme une occasion, une chance et une richesse. Elles aident à en cerner la variété des fonctions, logiques et usages. Une variété qui, tout compte fait, raconte l’histoire de la démocratie – sa complexité et les doutes permanents qui l’habitent. Distincts et pourtant complémentaires, tous ces points de vue éclairent un même enjeu, d’une actualité brûlante : la liberté et les défis posés par sa pratique. En effet, que serait la liberté sans la possibilité même du désaccord, sans les occasions multiples, et parfois contradictoires, de le faire valoir, de le revendiquer, de l’assumer ? Une coquille vide et un terrain sur lequel rien ne pousse ! Arpenter le chemin démocratique du désaccord, n’est-ce pas, dès lors, redonner à la liberté son courage et sa vitalité ?



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910346873903321

Autore

Handajani Marisa

Titolo

Degradation of whey in an anaerobic fixed bed (AnFB) reactor

Pubbl/distr/stampa

KIT Scientific Publishing, 2004

Descrizione fisica

1 electronic resource (XIII, 135 p. p.)

Collana

Karlsruher Berichte zur Ingenieurbiologie

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Sommario/riassunto

An Anaerobic Fixed Bed (AnFB) reactor was run as an upflow anaerobic reactor with an arrangement of supporting material for growth of a biofilm. The supporting material was made from Liapor-clay-polyethylene sinter lamellas (Herding Co., Amberg).The AnFB reactor was used for treating high concentrations of whey-containing wastewater. Optimal operating conditions for whey treatment at a concentration of COD in the influent of around 50 g whey·l-1 were found for a hydraulic retention time (HRT) in the range of 4-8 days or an organic loading rate (OLR) less than 10 kg COD·m-3·d-1. This is a higher load than normally applied in praxis reactors.Accumulation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) happened when the AnFB was supplied with surplus whey solution at a high OLR or when it was oxygenated. VFAs were accumulated faster when the HRT was changed from 12 days to 6 days compared to a change of HRT from 6 days to 4 days. However, at a HRT of 6 days, the accumulated VFAs were completely degraded after an adaptation period of about 5 days, whereas the accumulated VFAs at a HRT of 4 days remained constant upon time and could not be degraded during further incubation.The conversion process (acetogenesis and methanogenesis) of VFAs was influenced by the pH in the reactor. Acetate and n-Butyrate were converted faster at neutral or slightly alkaline pH, while propionate was degraded faster at slightly acidic pH-value. The population in the AnFB contained hydrogen-utilizing methanogenic bacteria, formate-utilizing methanogenic



bacteria, methanol-utilizing methanogenic bacteria, acetoclastic methanogenic bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria as the final-stage organism of whey degradation. Acetogenic and methanogenic bacteria grew slower and were present at much lower numbers than acidogenic bacteria. This made the acid degradation rate less than the acid production rate. The minimal HRT in the whey reactor was thus dependent on acid degradation rates. Acetate-utilizing methanogens seemed to be unable to grow as single cells. They preferred to grow in a particulate or attached manner on a support material. The biofilm on the support materials provided a lower redox potential and an anaerobic environment that was obligately needed by these bacteria. The addition of a reducing agent was necessary to keep the few culturing acetoclastic methanogens in suspended cultures active.H2/CO2 was the best methanogenic substrate for the bacteria in the effluent suspension of whey reactor, followed by formate and methanol. The least degradable substrate in suspension cultures was acetate. The optimal H2 gas concentration for methanogens was provided at 2.25 bar.Ferric ions addition or the addition of a mix of minerals improved acetate degradation and methane production rates more than two-folds. The redox potential + reducing agent was low enough for methanogenesis. An AnFB-reactor would be a suitable means for stabilizing wastewater from dairy processing. Liapor-clay-polyethylene sinter lamellas in a regularly arrangement could be the substratum for biofilm formation. A minimum HRT of 4-6 days should be planned or a maximum OLR rate 10 kg COD·m-3·d-1 not exceeded.