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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910346847103321 |
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Autore |
McGonigle Andrew (Volcanologist) |
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Titolo |
Volcanic Plumes.Impacts on the Atmosphere and Insights into Volcanic Processes |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2019 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (252 p.) |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Volcanoes release plumes of gas and ash to the atmosphere during episodes of passive and explosive behavior. These ejecta have important implications for the chemistry and composition of the troposphere and stratosphere, with the capacity to alter Earth's radiation budget and climate system over a range of temporal and spatial scales. Volcanogenic sulphur dioxide reacts to form sulphate aerosols, which increase global albedo, e.g., by reducing surface temperatures, in addition to perturbing the formation processes and optical properties of clouds. Released halogen species can also deplete stratospheric and tropospheric ozone. Volcanic degassing, furthermore, played a key role in the formation of Earth's atmosphere, and volcanic plumes can affect air quality, pose hazards to aviation and human health, as well as damage ecosystems. The chemical compositions and emission rates of volcanic plumes are also monitored via a range of direct-sampling and remote-sensing instrumentation, in order to gain insights into subterranean processes, in the respect of the magmatic bodies these volatiles exsolve from. Given the significant role these gases play in driving volcanic activity, e.g., via pressurisation, the study of volcanic plumes is proving to be an increasingly fruitful means of improving our understanding of volcanic systems, potentially in concert with observations from geophysics and contributions from fluid dynamical modelling of conduit dynamics. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910985895003321 |
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Autore |
Pernet Fabrice |
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Titolo |
Ocean Acidification : Understanding the Effects, Exploring the Solutions |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Versailles : , : Quae, , 2025 |
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©2025 |
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Edizione |
[1st ed.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (122 pages) |
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Collana |
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Altri autori (Persone) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Ocean acidification |
Seawater - Carbon dioxide content |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Contents -- Introduction. Why a book on ocean acidification? -- What is ocean acidification? -- Machines, fossil fuels and people -- Greenhouse effect and CO2 -- Some like it hot! -- The fate of anthropogenic CO2 -- How long have we been talking about ocean acidification? -- Just acidity! -- How is pH measured? -- How are other carbonate chemistry parameters measured? -- pH monitoring and the emergence of the term ocean acidification -- Scientific awareness -- Public awareness -- How is ocean acidity evolving? -- How far has pH fallen since the Industrial Revolution? -- What pH values are expected by 2100? -- Has the ocean ever been acidified? -- Does the current period have an equivalent in the geological past? -- Is ocean acidification a homogeneous phenomenon on the scale of the global ocean? -- How do pH and carbonate parameters vary in the ocean? -- How does pH vary over time? -- How has pH evolved in different regions of the ocean? -- How will pH evolve in different regions of the ocean? -- What are the biological impacts of acidification? -- Physiological impacts of CO2 enrichment -- Animal tolerance to CO2 enrichment -- Impacts of ocean acidification on calcifying organisms -- Larval stages, more sensitive than juveniles and adults -- Impacts on behaviour |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Carbon dioxide CO2 emissions, resulting from the combustion of fossil fuels by human activity, reinforce the greenhouse effect and cause |
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climate disruption. While public awareness of this global problem is growing, ocean acidification, described as "the other CO2 problem", is still considerably unknown.In this book, the authors answer ten key questions on the biogeochemical basis of acidification, on past, current and future trends, on the impact on marine organisms and humans, and finally on remediation measures.It draws its answers from fields as diverse as biogeochemistry, ecology, physiology, evolution, aquaculture and fisheries, economics and sociology. |
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