Modelling and control of ozonation and biodegradation in environmental engineering : dynamic neural networks approach / / Tatyana Poznyak, Isaac Chairez, Alex Poznyak

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910583467803321
• Autore: Poznyak Tatyana
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Amsterdam, Netherlands : , : Elsevier, , 2019
• ISBN: 0-12-812848-8; 0-12-812847-X
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (548 pages) : illustrations
• Disciplina: 363.735
• Soggetti: Pollution - Technological innovations; Ozonization
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di contenuto: Front Cover -- Ozonation and Biodegradation in Environmental Engineering -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of gures -- List of tables -- Preface -- Notation and symbols -- Mathematical notations and symbols -- Part 1 Environmental Engineering and Dynamic Neural Networks -- 1 Ozonation as main method for organic contaminants degradation in three different phases: liquid, solid, and gaseous -- 1.1 Ozonation of organic contaminants in liquid phase -- 1.1.1 Basic reaction principles in liquid phase ozonation -- 1.1.2 Ozonation procedure in liquid phase -- 1.2 Ozonation of organic contaminants in the solid phase -- 1.2.1 Basic reaction principles in solid phase ozonation -- 1.2.2 Ozonation procedure in solid phase -- 1.3 Ozonation of volatile organic contaminants in the gaseous phase -- 1.4 Technological aspects of ozonation -- 1.4.1 Ozone sensors -- 1.4.2 Ozonation reactions -- 1.4.3 Ozone generators -- 1.5 Control of corona-discharge generator -- 1.5.1 State-space model -- 1.5.2 Numerical simulations -- 1.6 Conclusions -- 2 Modeling of ozonation -- 2.1 Chemical basis of ozonation modeling in the liquid phase -- 2.2 Mathematical model of ozonation in liquid phase -- 2.2.1 Estimation of the saturation constant ksat -- 2.2.2 Evaluation of the mathematical model by the simulation of ozonation of unsaturated hydrocarbon pollutants -- 2.3 Ozonation model of several contaminants in liquid ; phase -- 2.3.1 Model description -- 2.3.2 Abstract format of the model -- 2.3.3 Numerical illustration of the ozonation model -- 2.4 Application of a simple ozonation model to organic contaminants degradation in water -- 2.4.1 Studied compounds -- 2.4.2 Experimental conditions of ozonation -- 2.4.3 Analytical methods -- 2.4.4 Effect of the pH on the ozone decomposition in a liquid phase -- 2.4.5 Degradation by ozone of Ph, 4-CPh, and 2,4-DCPh, and their mixtures.; 2.5 Mathematical model taking into account the pH effect -- 2.5.1 Modi ed mathematical model including the pH effect -- 2.5.2 Numerical illustration of the ozonation model with pH effect -- 2.5.3 pH effect without the presence of contaminants -- 2.5.4 Modeling of the pH effect in the presence of contaminants -- 2.6 Effect of intermediate and nal products on the ozonation reaction -- 2.7 Estimation of reaction constants -- 2.7.1 Estimation of the reaction rate constants in the case of the direct mechanism -- 2.7.2 Estimation of the reaction rate constants considering the pH effect -- 2.7.3 Differential form for constants estimates -- 2.8 Conclusions -- 3 Background on dynamic neural networks -- 3.1 Classes of arti cial neural networks -- 3.1.1 Arti cial neural networks -- 3.1.2 Feedforward neural network -- 3.1.3 Recurrent neural network -- 3.1.4 Learning ability and reinforcement learning -- 3.1.5 Why DNNs are much more preferable compared to FFNNs when the modeling of some dynamic process is required -- 3.1.6 Some limitations of ANNs -- 3.2 Neural observer as a universal software sensor -- 3.2.1 Plant and the observer structures -- 3.2.2 Main assumptions -- 3.2.3 Quasi-linear format of the model -- 3.2.4 Universal neuro-observer structure -- 3.2.5 Learning law for weights adaptation -- 3.3 How to estimate the quality of applied DNNs -- 3.3.1 Attractive ellipsoid method -- 3.3.2 How can we characterize an attractive ellipsoid? -- 3.3.3 Numerical quality estimation of state observation process using DNN -- 3.3.4 The best parameters nding using MATLAB toolboxes -- 3.4 Adaptive controllers based on DNN estimates -- 3.5 Conclusions -- 4 Neural observer application for conventional ozonation in water -- 4.1 State estimation methods -- 4.1.1 State estimation: a brief survey -- 4.2 Software sensors based on DNNO.; 4.3 DNNO with discontinuous and time derivative terms -- 4.3.1 Training of DNNO -- 4.4 Application of DNNO to reconstruct the contaminant dynamics in ozonation -- 4.5 Estimation of the simulated ozonation variables using DNNO -- 4.5.1 Estimation of the reaction rate constants of phenols -- 4.6 Reconstruction of phenols behavior as well as their intermediates and nal products using DNNO -- 4.6.1 Ozonation procedure -- 4.6.2 Fundamentals of the phenols behavior reconstruction -- 4.6.2.1 Reconstruction of phenol and its byproducts pro les in ozonation -- 4.6.2.2 Reconstruction of 4-chlorophenol and its byproducts -- 4.6.2.3 Reconstruction of 2,4-dichlorophenol and byproducts -- 4.7 Limits of the proposed reconstruction method -- 4.8 Conclusions -- Part 2 Ozonation as a Principal Treatment Method for Organic Contaminants Elimination in Liquid Phase -- 5 Catalytic ozonation -- 5.1 Catalytic ozonation in the water treatment aimed at removing recalcitrant contaminants -- 5.2 Ozone decomposition in water in the presence of AC -- 5.3 Catalytic ozonation with activated carbon for the PAHs decomposition in water in the presence of methanol -- 5.3.1 Effect of the pH and AC on the decomposition of the PAHs in the presence of methanol -- 5.3.1.1 Anthracene decomposition -- 5.3.1.2 Fluorene decomposition -- 5.3.1.3 Phenanthrene decomposition -- 5.3.2 Estimation of the reaction rate constants -- 5.4 Catalytic ozonation with the metal oxides -- 5.4.1 ; Catalytic ozonation (NiO) of the benzoic and phthalic acids -- 5.4.1.1 Simple kinetic model -- 5.4.1.2 Degradation and mineralization of the benzoic acid and the phthalic acid by the conventional and catalytic ozonation -- 5.4.1.3 Effect of the catalyst concentration -- 5.4.1.4 Effect of the hydroxyl radical scavenger -- 5.4.1.5 XPS of the fresh and ozonated NiO.; 5.4.2 Combination of conventional and catalytic ozonation -- 5.4.2.1 XPS study of the NiO surphase after ozonation of phenol, 4-phenolsulfonic and 2-naphthalenesulfonic acids -- 5.5 Catalytic ozonation of the naproxen with NiO in the presence of ethanol -- 5.5.1 Experimental -- 5.5.1.1 Materials -- 5.5.2 Adsorption studies -- 5.5.3 Analytical methods -- 5.5.4 Mathematical model of naproxen ozonation -- 5.5.5 Results and discussion -- 5.5.5.1 Naproxen adsorption -- 5.5.5.2 UV-Vis analysis -- 5.5.5.3 Naproxen decomposition -- 5.5.5.4 Intermediates obtained in ozonation of the naproxen -- 5.5.5.5 XPS spectrum of the catalyst -- 5.6 The nominal model of catalytic ozonation -- 5.6.1 Estimation of reaction rate constants based on the nominal mathematical model -- 5.6.1.1 Kinetics of the naproxen decomposition and the intermediates formation-decomposition -- 5.7 Numerical evaluation of the DNN observer -- 5.8 Conclusions -- 6 Photocatalytic ozonation -- 6.1 Effect of UV-ALEDs on terephthalic acid decomposition by photocatalytic ozonation with VxOy/ZnO and VxOy/TiO2 -- 6.1.1 Catalyst preparation -- 6.1.2 Photolysis and photocatalysis -- 6.1.3 Conventional, catalytic, and photocatalytic ozonations -- 6.1.4 Analytic methods -- 6.1.5 Catalyst characterization -- 6.2 Results and discussion -- 6.2.1 VxOy/TiO2 and VxOy/ZnO characterization -- 6.2.1.1 Diffuse re ectance UV-Vis spectroscopy -- 6.2.2 X-ray diffraction -- 6.2.3 Surface area -- 6.2.4 Surface electron microscopy -- 6.2.5 X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) -- 6.2.5.1 Ozone decomposition -- 6.2.5.2 Photolysis and photocatalysis -- 6.2.5.3 Decomposition of the terephthalic acid by the conventional, catalytic and photocatalytic ozonation -- 6.2.5.3.1 Conventional ozonation -- 6.2.5.3.2 Catalytic ozonation -- 6.2.5.3.3 Photocatalytic ozonation -- 6.2.5.3.4 Oxalic acid characterization.; 6.2.6 Simple kinetics -- 6.3 Mathematical model of the photocatalytic ozonation -- 6.3.1 Parameter estimation -- 6.4 Numerical evaluation of the DNNO with discontinuous learning law -- 6.5 Conclusions -- 7 Combination of physical-chemical methods and ozonation -- 7.1 Combination of chemical sedimentation and ozonation for the lignin elimination -- 7.1.1 Main contaminants formed in pulp and paper industry -- 7.1.2 Materials and methods -- 7.1.2.1 Chemical precipitation of lignin by sulfuric acid -- 7.1.2.2 Ozonation procedure -- 7.1.2.3 Samples analysis -- 7.1.3 Results and discussion -- 7.1.3.1 Effect of sulfuric acid dose on the lignin precipitation ef ciency -- 7.1.3.2 Comparison of the sludge structure -- 7.1.3.3 Ozonation of residual water at different pH values after the precipitation stage -- 7.1.4 Identi cation of the products formed in ozonation -- 7.1.5 Estimation of lignin decoloration constants -- 7.2 Coagulation and ozonation of land ll leachate -- 7.2.1 Land ll leachate contamination -- 7.2.2 Materials and methods -- 7.2.2.1 Description of the site and the characterization of the waste -- 7.2.2.2 Coagulation -- 7.2.2.3 Analytical methods -- 7.2.2.4 Ozonation kinetics -- 7.2.3 Results and discussion -- 7.2.3.1 HPLC analysis -- 7.2.3.2 Partial identi cation of same organics with GC/FID and GC/MS -- 7.2.4 Decomposition of different groups of organics after the coagulation -- 7.2.5 Estimation of the reaction rate constants -- 7.3 Flocculation-coagulation with biopolymer and ozonation -- 7.3.1 Contamination of municipal waste ; waters -- 7.3.2 Materials and methods -- 7.3.2.1 Characterization of the MWW -- 7.3.2.2 Experimental methodology of the MWW samples treatment -- 7.3.2.3 Determination of sludge volume and Z-potential -- 7.3.2.4 Coliforms quanti cation method -- 7.3.2.5 HE quanti cation -- 7.3.2.6 UV-spectrophotometry.; 7.3.3 Results and discussions.

Rempetike anthologia / Tasos Schoreles

• Record Nr.: UNIORUON00274762
• Autore: SCHORELES, Tasos
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Athena, : Plethron, 1977
• Descrizione fisica: 2 v. : tav. ; 21 cm.
• Soggetti: MUSICA GRECA - Studi
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Greco Moderno
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia

Complex Numbers from A to ... Z / / by Titu Andreescu, Dorin Andrica

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910299993303321
• Autore: Andreescu Titu
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Boston, MA : , : Birkhäuser Boston : , : Imprint : Birkhäuser, , 2014
• ISBN: 9780817684150; 0817684158
• Edizione: [2nd ed. 2014.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (XVII, 391 p. 83 illus.) : online resource
• Disciplina: 512.788
• Soggetti: Number theory; Geometry, Algebraic; Geometry; Number Theory; Algebraic Geometry
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Preface -- Complex Numbers in Algebraic Form -- Complex Numbers in Trigonometric Form -- Complex Numbers and Geometry -- More on Complex Numbers and Geometry -- Olympiad-Caliber Problems -- Answers, Hints and Solutions to Proposed Problems -- Glossary -- References -- Index of Authors.
• Sommario/riassunto: It is impossible to imagine modern mathematics without complex numbers. The second edition of Complex Numbers from A to … Z introduces the reader to this fascinating subject that, from the time of L. Euler, has become one of the most utilized ideas in mathematics. The exposition concentrates on key concepts and then elementary results concerning these numbers. The reader learns how complex numbers can be used to solve algebraic equations and to understand the geometric interpretation of complex numbers and the operations involving them. The theoretical parts of the book are augmented with rich exercises and problems at various levels of difficulty. Many new problems and solutions have been added in this second edition. A special feature of the book is the last chapter, a selection of outstanding Olympiad and other important mathematical contest problems solved by employing the methods already presented. The ; book reflects the unique experience of the authors. It distills a vast mathematical literature, most of which is unknown to the western public, and captures the essence of an abundant problem culture. The target audience includes undergraduates, high school students and their teachers, mathematical contestants (such as those training for Olympiads or the W. L. Putnam Mathematical Competition) and their coaches, as well as anyone interested in essential mathematics.