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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910789041403321 |
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Autore |
Qvortrup Mads |
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Titolo |
Referendums and ethnic conflict / / Matt Qvortrup |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Philadelphia, Pennsylvania : , : University of Pennsylvania Press, , 2014 |
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©2014 |
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ISBN |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (198 pages) |
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Collana |
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National and Ethnic Conflict in the 21st Century |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Referendum |
Ethnic conflict - Political aspects |
Ethnic conflict - Government policy |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Front matter -- Contents -- Introduction -- Chapter 1. The History and Logic of Ethnonational Referendums, 1791–1945 -- Chapter 2. Difference-Managing Referendums -- Chapter 3. Secession and Partition -- Chapter 4. Ethnonational Referendums in Constitutional Law: A Case Study of Scotland -- Chapter 5. Right-Sizing Referendums -- Chapter 6. Difference-Eliminating Referendums: E Pluribus Unum? -- Chapter 7. EU Referendums: Nationalism and the Politics of Supranational Integration -- Chapter 8. Regulation of Ethnonational Referendums: A Comparative Overview -- Conclusion: Patterns and Tendencies in Ethnonational Referendums -- Appendix. Legislation and Litigation -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- Acknowledgments |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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Although referendums have been used for centuries to settle ethnonational conflicts, there has yet been no systematic study or generalized theory concerning their effectiveness. Referendums and Ethnic Conflict fills the gap with a comparative and empirical analysis of all the referendums held on ethnic and national issues from the French Revolution to the 2012 referendum on statehood for Puerto Rico. Drawing on political theory and descriptive case studies, Matt Qvortrup creates typologies of referendums that are held to endorse secession, redraw disputed borders, legitimize a policy of homogenization, or otherwise manage ethnic or national differences. He considers the |
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circumstances that compel politicians to resort to direct democracy, such as regime change, and the conditions that might exacerbate a violent response. Qvortrup offers a clear-eyed assessment of the problems raised when conflict resolution is sought through referendum as well as the conditions that are likely to lead to peaceful outcomes. This original political framework will provide a vital resource in the ongoing investigation into how democracy and nationalism may be reconciled. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910298993703321 |
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Titolo |
Brain-Computer Interface Research : A State-of-the-Art Summary 3 / / edited by Christoph Guger, Theresa Vaughan, Brendan Allison |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2014 |
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ISBN |
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Edizione |
[1st ed. 2014.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (137 p.) |
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Collana |
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SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering, , 2191-8120 |
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Disciplina |
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004 |
005.437 |
006.3 |
4019 |
610.153 |
610.28 |
612.8 |
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Soggetti |
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User interfaces (Computer systems) |
Human-computer interaction |
Neurosciences |
Medical physics |
Computational intelligence |
Biomedical engineering |
User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction |
Neuroscience |
Medical Physics |
Computational Intelligence |
Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Contents; Recent Advances in Brain-Computer Interface Research-The BCI Award 2013 ; 1 Introduction; 2 The BCI Award; 3 The 2013 Nominees; Give Me a Sign: Studies on the Decodability of Hand Gestures Using Activity of the Sensorimotor Cortex as a Potential Control Signal for Implanted Brain Computer Interfaces ; 1 fMRI; 2 ECoG; 3 Discussion; 4 Conclusion; References; An Ipsilateral, Contralesional BCI in Chronic Stroke Patients ; Abstract ; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Clinical Significance; 1.2 BCI After Stroke; 2 Motivation for Ipsilateral, Contralesional BCI |
3 Ipsilateral, Contralesional BCI After Stroke3.1 Study Overview; 4 Future Directions; 5 Conclusions; References; A Learning-Based Approach to Artificial Sensory Feedback ; Abstract ; 1 Normal Motor Function Needs Somatosensation; 2 Approaches for Artificial Somatosensation; 2.1 Non-invasive Approaches; 2.2 Invasive Approaches; 2.3 Biomimetic Encoding of Somatosensory Information; 3 Harnessing Neural Plasticity; 4 Candidate Neural Structures to Target; 5 Conclusion; References; An Accurate, Versatile, and Robust Brain Switch for Neurorehabilitation ; Abstract ; 1 Introduction |
2 System Overview3 MRCP and Movement Intention Detection; 3.1 MRCP and Voluntary Movements; 3.2 Signal Processing of MRCP for Detection of Movement Intentions; 4 MRCP Triggered Afferent Feedback and Plasticity Induction; 5 Conclusion Remarks and Long Term Perspectives; 5.1 Cortical Versus Peripheral Stimulation; 5.2 Cue-Based Versus Self-paced BCI Paradigm; 5.3 MRCP Versus Sensory-Motor Rhythm; 5.4 Long Term Perspectives; References; Ear-EEG: Continuous Brain Monitoring ; Abstract ; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Towards Wearable EEG; 2 Ear-EEG; 3 Ear-EEG: Towards Continuous Brain Monitoring |
4 Fatigue Estimation5 The Estimation of Hearing Threshold; 6 Conclusions; References; Passive Brain-Computer Interfaces for Robot-Assisted Rehabilitation ; Abstract ; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Robot-Assisted Rehabilitation; 1.2 Exercise Difficulty Adaptation; 1.3 Passive Brain-Computer Interfaces; 2 Hardware Selection and Setup; 2.1 EEG Hardware; 2.1.1 Electrode Locations; 2.1.2 Electrode Types; 2.2 fNIRS Hardware; 2.2.1 Probe Locations; 2.2.2 Probe Types; 2.3 Hybrid BCIs; 3 Signal Processing; 3.1 Artefact Removal; 3.2 Feature Extraction; 3.2.1 EEG Feature Extraction; 3.2.2 fNIRS Feature Extraction |
4 Psychophysiological Inference4.1 Categorical Inference; 4.2 Continuous Inference; 5 Preliminary Implementation; 5.1 Goal; 5.2 Study Protocol; 5.3 Measurements; 5.3.1 Questionnaire; 5.3.2 Physiology; 5.4 Feature Extraction; 5.4.1 EEG; 5.4.2 ANS Responses; 5.4.3 Eye Tracking; 5.5 Psychophysiological Inference; 5.6 Initial Results and Discussion; 5.6.1 EEG Data Quality; 5.6.2 Correlations Between Game Difficulty and NASA-TLX; 5.6.3 Accuracy of Psychophysiological Inference; 6 Conclusion and Outlook; References; A Concurrent Brain-Machine Interface for Enhanced Sequential Motor Function |
Abstract |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This book provides a cutting-edge overview of the latest developments in Brain-Computer-Interfaces (BCIs), reported by leading research groups. As the reader will discover, BCI research is moving ahead rapidly, with many new ideas, research initiatives, and improved technologies, e.g. BCIs that enable people to communicate just by |
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thinking – without any movement at all. Several different groups are helping severely disabled users communicate using BCIs, and BCI technology is also being extended to facilitate recovery from stroke, epilepsy, and other conditions. Each year, hundreds of the top BCI scientists, engineers, doctors, and other visionaries compete for the most prestigious honor in the BCI research community: the annual BCI Award. The 2013 BCI Award competition was by far the most competitive, with over 160 research groups vying for a nomination. The chapters of this book summarize the ten projects that were nominated, in particular the winning project, and analyses how these reflect general trends in BCI development. Each project summary includes an introduction, description of methods, results, and also includes newer work completed after the project was entered for the competition. The texts are presented in accessible style with numerous supporting pictures, graphs, and figures. |
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