Fate of engineered nanomaterials in wastewater biosolids, land application, and incineration / / by Paul Westerhoff, Kiril Hristovski

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910812422003321
• Autore: Westerhoff Paul
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: London, England : , : IWA Publishing, , 2014; ©2014
• ISBN: 1-78040-549-9
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (104 p.)
• Collana: WERF Research Report Series
• Disciplina: 363.179
• Soggetti: Nanostructured materials - Environmental aspects; Sewage - Purification - Sequencing batch reactor process
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover; Copyright; Acknowledgments; Abstract and Benefits; Table of Contents; List of Tables; List of Figures; List of Acronyms; Executive Summary; Chapter 1.0: Introduction; 1.1 Background; 1.2 Goals and Research Questions; 1.3 Organization of Report; Chapter 2.0: Experimental Methods and Materials; 2.1 Laboratory Methods; 2.1.1 Batch NM Sorption Tests; 2.1.2 Sources and Size Discrimination of Titanium Dioxide NMs in Food and PCPs; 2.1.3 SBRs; 2.1.4 Biosolids Incineration Tests; 2.1.5 Effect of ENMs on Biological Carbon Conversion in an Arizona Soil Under Dark Conditions; 2.2 Field Sampling; 2.2.1 Analysis of Aqueous Samples by sp-ICP-MS2.2.2 Biosolids Processing Facilities; 2.2.3 Biosolid Management Facility (Texas); 2.3 Analytical Methods; 2.3.1 Chemical Analysis; 2.3.2 Electron Microscopy Analysis; Chapter 3.0: Absorption of ENM to Wastewater Biomass; 3.1 Batch Sorption Experiments; 3.2 Composition and Properties of Food-Grade Titanium Dioxide; 3.3 Titanium Content of Foods; 3.4 Titanium Content in PCPs; 3.5 Titanium Content of Paints and Adhesives; 3.6 Selection of Titanium Dioxide Models for Environmental Studies; 3.7 Sorption of E171/P25 - Titanium Dioxide to Biomass; 3.8 SummaryChapter 4.0: Occurrence of ENMs in Treated Effluents and Biosolids; 4.1 Detection of ENMs in Water by Single Particle ICP-MS; 4.2 Mass Flow of Titanium During Biosolids Treatment; 4.3 Metals in EPA ; Composite Biosolid Samples; 4.3.1 Sample Description; 4.3.2 Normalized Metal Concentrations in Biosolids; 4.3.3 Partitioning of Metals from Sewage into Biomass; 4.4 Occurrence of ENMs in Biosolids from the 2001 EPA NSSS; 4.4.1 Identification of Metallic Particles in Biosolids by SEM/EDX; 4.4.2 Occurrence of Nano Titanium Dioxide Particles in Biosolids by TEM/EDX; 4.4.3 Mixed Metal Precipitate by SEM-Element Mapping4.4.4 The Probability to Locate Metallic Particles in Biosolids by Electron Microscopy; 4.5 Change of ENMs in Biosolids Incineration; 4.6 Summary; Chapter 5.0: Occurrence and Impacts of ENMs in Biosolids Amended Soils; 5.1 Metal Accumulation Survey and Occurrence of Metallic ENMs in Biosolids Amended Soils; 5.1.1 The Accumulation of Selected Metals in Biosolids Amended Soils; 5.1.2 Metal Profiles in Different Depth of Soils; 5.1.3 Nanoparticle Related Metal Profiles in Biosolids Amended Soils (Austin, TX); 5.1.4 The Potential Highest Concentrations of ENMs in Soils5.1.5 The Presence of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Micro Particles in TX Soil; 5.2 Effects of ENMs on Basal Respiration in Soils; 5.3 Effects of ENMs on SIR in Soils; 5.4 Summary; Chapter 6.0: Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations; 6.1 Summary and Conclusions; 6.1.1 Absorption of ENM to Wastewater Biomass; 6.1.2 Occurrence of ENMs in Wastewater Effluent and Biosolids; 6.1.3 Occurrence and Impacts of ENMs in Biosolids Amended Soils; 6.2 Recommendation for Future Research; References