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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910139612403321 |
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Titolo |
Aberration-corrected analytical transmission electron microscopy [[electronic resource] /] / edited by Rik Brydson ; published in association with the Royal Microscopical Society ; series editor, Susan Brooks |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley, 2011 |
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ISBN |
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1-119-97990-0 |
1-283-20457-6 |
9786613204578 |
1-119-97884-X |
1-119-97885-8 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (306 p.) |
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Collana |
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RMS - Royal Microscopical Society |
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Classificazione |
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Altri autori (Persone) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Transmission electron microscopy |
Aberration |
Achromatism |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Aberration-Corrected Analytical Transmission Electron Microscopy; Contents; List of Contributors; Preface; 1 General Introduction to Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM); 1.1 What TEM Offers; 1.2 Electron Scattering; 1.2.1 Elastic Scattering; 1.2.2 Inelastic Scattering; 1.3 Signals which could be Collected; 1.4 Image Computing; 1.4.1 Image Processing; 1.4.2 Image Simulation; 1.5 Requirements of a Specimen; 1.6 STEM Versus CTEM; 1.7 Two Dimensional and Three Dimensional Information; 2 Introduction to Electron Optics; 2.1 Revision of Microscopy with Visible Light and Electrons |
2.2 Fresnel and Fraunhofer Diffraction2.3 Image Resolution; 2.4 Electron Lenses; 2.4.1 Electron Trajectories; 2.4.2 Aberrations; 2.5 Electron Sources; 2.6 Probe Forming Optics and Apertures; 2.7 SEM, TEM and STEM; 3 Development of STEM; 3.1 Introduction: Structural |
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and Analytical Information in Electron Microscopy; 3.2 The Crewe Revolution: How STEM Solves the Information Problem; 3.3 Electron Optical Simplicity of STEM; 3.4 The Signal Freedom of STEM; 3.4.1 Bright-Field Detector (Phase Contrast, Diffraction Contrast); 3.4.2 ADF, HAADF; 3.4.3 Nanodiffraction; 3.4.4 EELS; 3.4.5 EDX |
3.4.6 Other Techniques3.5 Beam Damage and Beam Writing; 3.6 Correction of Spherical Aberration; 3.7 What does the Future Hold?; 4 Lens Aberrations: Diagnosis and Correction; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Geometric Lens Aberrations and Their Classification; 4.3 Spherical Aberration-Correctors; 4.3.1 Quadrupole-Octupole Corrector; 4.3.2 Hexapole Corrector; 4.3.3 Parasitic Aberrations; 4.4 Getting Around Chromatic Aberrations; 4.5 Diagnosing Lens Aberrations; 4.5.1 Image-based Methods; 4.5.2 Ronchigram-based Methods; 4.5.3 Precision Needed; 4.6 Fifth Order Aberration-Correction; 4.7 Conclusions |
5 Theory and Simulations of STEM Imaging5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Z-Contrast Imaging of Single Atoms; 5.3 STEM Imaging Of Crystalline Materials; 5.3.1 Bright-field Imaging and Phase Contrast; 5.3.2 Annular Dark-field Imaging; 5.4 Incoherent Imaging with Dynamical Scattering; 5.5 Thermal Diffuse Scattering; 5.5.1 Approximations for Phonon Scattering; 5.6 Methods of Simulation for ADF Imaging; 5.6.1 Absorptive Potentials; 5.6.2 Frozen Phonon Approach; 5.7 Conclusions; 6 Details of STEM; 6.1 Signal to Noise Ratio and Some of its Implications |
6.2 The Relationships Between Probe Size, Probe Current and Probe Angle6.2.1 The Geometric Model Revisited; 6.2.2 The Minimum Probe Size, the Optimum Angle and the Probe Current; 6.2.3 The Probe Current; 6.2.4 A Simple Approximation to Wave Optical Probe Size; 6.2.5 The Effect of Chromatic Aberration; 6.2.6 Choosing aopt in Practice; 6.2.7 The Effect of Making a Small Error in the Choice of aopt; 6.2.8 The Effect of a On the Diffraction Pattern; 6.2.9 Probe Spreading and Depth of Field; 6.3 The Condenser System; 6.4 The Scanning System; 6.4.1 Principles of the Scanning System |
6.4.2 Implementation of the Scanning System |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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"The book is concerned with the theory, background, and practical use of transmission electron microscopes with lens correctors that can correct the effects of spherical aberration. The book also covers a comparison with aberration correction in the TEM and applications of analytical aberration corrected STEM in materials science and biology. This book is essential for microscopists involved in nanoscale and materials microanalysis especially those using scanning transmission electron microscopy, and related analytical techniques such as electron diffraction x-ray spectrometry (EDXS) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS)"-- |
"The book will be concerned with the theory, background and practical use of transmission electron microscopes with lens correctors which can correct for the effects of spherical aberration"-- |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910255238403321 |
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Autore |
Vanderplank Robert |
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Titolo |
Captioned Media in Foreign Language Learning and Teaching : Subtitles for the Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing as Tools for Language Learning / / by Robert Vanderplank |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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London : , : Palgrave Macmillan UK : , : Imprint : Palgrave Macmillan, , 2016 |
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ISBN |
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Edizione |
[1st ed. 2016.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (XIII, 269 p. 7 illus., 3 illus. in color.) |
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Collana |
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New Language Learning and Teaching Environments, , 2946-2940 |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Sociolinguistics |
Language and languages - Study and teaching |
Applied linguistics |
Germanic languages |
Educational technology |
Language Education |
Language Teaching and Learning |
Applied Linguistics |
Germanic Languages |
Digital Education and Educational Technology |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references and index. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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1. Introduction -- 2. Some essential themes in building the case for captions in language learning -- 3. The value of closed captions and teletext subtitles for language learning -- 4. The State of the Art I: Selected research on listening comprehension and vocabulary acquisition -- 5. The State of the Art II: Selected research on other issues in watching captioned TV, films and video -- 6. Focus on genres: The practical uses and limitations of different types of programmes -- 7. The EURECAP Project -- 8. The developing environment for language learning: a new audience and the revised model of language learning with captions -- 9. Conclusion. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This book brings together current thinking on informal language learning and the findings of over 30 years of research on captions |
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(same language subtitles for the deaf and hard-of-hearing) to present a new model of language learning from captioned viewing and a future roadmap for research and practice in this field. Language learners may have normal hearing but they are ‘hard-of-listening’ and find it difficult to follow the rapid or unclear speech in many films and TV programmes. Vanderplank considers whether watching with captions not only enables learners to understand and enjoy foreign language television and films but also helps them to improve their foreign language skills. Captioned Media in Foreign Language Learning and Teaching will be of interest to students and researchers involved in second language acquisition teaching and research, as well as practising language teachers and teacher trainers. Robert Vanderplank is Director of Oxford University Language Centre and a Fellow of Kellogg College, Oxford, where he is also Director of the Kellogg College Centre for the Study of Lifelong Language Learning and maintains the LARA database on language attrition research (www.lara.ox.ac.uk). His research interests and publications include television and language learning, listening comprehension, learner strategies, language testing and assessment, language maintenance and attrition, and learner autonomy. |
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