1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910246754203321

Autore

Wijffels Alain

Titolo

Le droit européen a-t-il une histoire ? En a-t-il besoin ? : Leçon inaugurale prononcée le jeudi 20 avril  2017 / / Alain Wijffels

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Paris, : Collège de France, 2017

ISBN

2-7226-0470-1

Altri autori (Persone)

SupiotAlain

WijffelsAlain

Soggetti

Law (General)

Europe

État de droit

droit

droit européen

droit comparé

histoire du droit

Lingua di pubblicazione

Francese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Sommario/riassunto

Depuis le xiie siècle, les ordres politiques en Europe se sont construits autour d’une notion d’État de droit qui s’est articulée différemment selon les époques et les systèmes juridiques. Au-delà des particularismes, l’histoire comparative du droit et le droit comparé permettent de dégager une culture juridique partagée. Au Moyen Âge, la tradition juridique des universités a servi à créer un instrument de « police et justice » tendant vers l’idéal du « bon gouvernement ». À toutes les époques, le droit a maintenu ce rôle irréductible garantissant que toute décision politique se mesure à un étalon de justice. Quelle que soit la construction européenne envisagée, la question de l’État de droit au service d’une politique efficace et juste est essentielle. L’idéal du droit européen et ce qui constitue son histoire reflètent cette recomposition sans cesse renouvelée.



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910674016403321

Autore

Francolini Iolanda

Titolo

Polymeric Systems as Antimicrobial or Antifouling Agents

Pubbl/distr/stampa

MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2020

ISBN

3-03928-457-6

Descrizione fisica

1 electronic resource (400 p.)

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Sommario/riassunto

The rapid increase in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, combined with a dwindling rate of discovery of novel antibiotic molecules, has created an alarming issue worldwide. Although the occurrence of resistance in microbes is a natural process, the overuse of antibiotics is known to increase the rate of resistance evolution. Under antibiotic treatment, susceptible bacteria inevitably die, while resistant microorganisms proliferate under reduced competition. Therefore, the out-of-control use of antibiotics eliminates drug-susceptible species that would naturally limit the expansion of resistant species. In addition, the ability of many microbial species to grow as a biofilm has further complicated the treatment of infections with conventional antibiotics. A number of corrective measures are currently being explored to reverse or slow antibiotic resistance evolution, Among which one of the most promising solutions is the development of polymer-based antimicrobial compounds. In this Special Issue, different polymer systems able to prevent or treat biofilm formation, including cationic polymers, antibacterial peptide-mimetic polymers, polymers or composites able to load and release bioactive molecules, and antifouling polymers able to repel microbes by physical or chemical mechanisms are reported. Their applications in the design and fabrication of medical devices, in food packaging, and as drug carriers is investigated.