4.6 The data to be analysed -- 4.7 Entering summarised categorical or frequency data by weighting -- 4.8 Pie diagram of category data -- 4.9 Adding labels to the pie diagram and removing the legend and label -- 4.10 Changing the colour of a pie diagram slice to a black and white pattern -- 4.11 Bar chart of category data -- 4.12 Histograms -- Summary of SPSS steps for charts -- 5 Describing variables numerically: Averages, variation and spread -- Overview -- 5.1 What are averages, variation and spread? -- 5.2 When to use averages, variation and spread -- 5.3 When not to use averages, variation and spread -- 5.4 Data requirements for averages, variation and spread -- 5.5 Problems in the use of averages, variation and spread -- 5.6 The data to be analysed -- 5.7 Entering the data -- 5.8 Mean, median, mode, standard deviation, variance and range -- 5.9 Interpreting the output -- 5.10 Other features -- REPORTING THE OUTPUT -- Summary of SPSS Statistics steps for descriptive statistics -- 6 Shapes of distributions of scores -- Overview -- 6.1 What are the different shapes of scores? -- 6.2 When to use histograms and frequency tables of scores -- 6.3 When not to use histograms and frequency tables of scores -- 6.4 Data requirements for using histograms and frequency tables of scores -- 6.5 Problems in using histograms and frequency tables of scores -- 6.6 The data to be analysed -- 6.7 Entering the data -- 6.8 Frequency tables -- 6.9 Interpreting the output -- REPORTING THE OUTPUT -- 6.10 Histograms -- 6.11 Interpreting the output -- REPORTING THE OUTPUT -- Summary of SPSS Statistics steps for frequency distributions -- 7 Standard deviation: The standard unit of measurement in statistics -- Overview -- 7.1 What is standard deviation? -- 7.2 When to use standard deviation -- 7.3 When not to use standard deviation. |