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1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910702926203321 |
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Autore |
Kotlikoff Laurence J |
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Titolo |
Opting Out of Social Security and Adverse Selection / / Laurence J. Kotlikoff, Kent A. Smetters, Jan Walliser |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Cambridge, Mass, : National Bureau of Economic Research, 1998 |
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Washington, DC : , : Congressional Budget Office, , [1998] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource : illustrations (black and white); |
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Collana |
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NBER working paper series ; no. w6430 |
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Classificazione |
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Altri autori (Persone) |
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SmettersKent A |
WalliserJan |
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Soggetti |
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Social Security and Public Pensions |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Nota di bibliografia |
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Includes bibliographical references. |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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This paper compares two general methods of privatization social security: forced participation in the new privatized system vs. letting people choose between the new system or staying in social security (i.e., opting out). Simulations are performed using a large scale perfect-foresight OLG simulation model that incorporates both intra-generational and inter-generational heterogeneity. The decision of any agent to opt out is endogenous and depends on the opting out decisions of all other agents vis-...-vis factor prices. Various tax bases are considered in financing the transition path, as well as the perceived tax-benefit linkage due to the informational problems inherent in many social security systems. We consider two cases: full and no perception Both methods of privatizing social security lead to large long- run gains for all lifetime income classes despite the intra-generational progressivity of social security, but differ in their short run effects due to adverse selection associated with opting out. Adverse selection is a key reason why many economists oppose opting out and why many plans to privatize social security systems mandate participation. This paper, however, shows this wisdom to be wide of the mark. Opting out is better at protecting the welfare of the initial elderly, even though forced participation protects their real value of social security benefits |
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because opting out continues to collect payroll tax revenue from those who stay with social security. Opting out can mean quicker transition paths by reducing social security wealth faster than forced participation, because many will forfeit their accrued claims as the price of opting out. Yet opting out, along with a decrease in the payroll tax rate is better at shifting the burden to future workers who benefit from privatization. |
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2. |
Record Nr. |
UNISA996207332303316 |
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Titolo |
Matrix biology : journal of the International Society for Matrix Biology |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Stuttgart, : Gustav Fischer Verlag, ©1994- |
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Amsterdam, Netherlands : Elsevier |
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ISSN |
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Descrizione fisica |
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Soggetti |
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Collagen |
Connective tissues |
Connective tissues - Periodicals |
Extracellular matrix |
Extracellular Matrix |
Connective Tissue |
Collagène |
Tissu conjonctif - Périodiques |
Tissu conjonctif |
Substance fondamentale (Histologie) |
Periodicals. |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Periodico |
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Note generali |
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Refereed/Peer-reviewed |
Title from pdf image of article (ScienceDirect, viewed Oct. 22, 2004). |
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3. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910149388003321 |
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Autore |
Maskame Estelle |
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Titolo |
Did i mention i miss you? / / Estelle Maskame |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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ISBN |
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Edizione |
[1st ed.] |
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Descrizione fisica |
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Collana |
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Classificazione |
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YAF018080YAF052020YAF058040 |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Stepfamilies |
Love |
Summer |
Youth's writings |
California, Southern Fiction |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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From Estelle Maskame, author of the sensational Wattpad books, comes the final installment in the addicting DIMILY series that follows three unforgettable summers of secrets, heartbreak, and forbidden romance. This trilogy is perfect for readers of YA contemporary novels! One last chance for love. It's been a year since Eden last spoke to Tyler. She remains furious with him for his abrupt departure last summer but has done her best to move on with her life at college in Chicago — and she's finally over Tyler...isn't she? As school breaks up for the summer, she's heading back to Santa Monica, but she's not the only one who decides to come home... Despite their breakup, Tyler's determined to rekindle their perfect chemistry and what they once had. Having been left behind to deal with the aftermath of their bombshell revelation and a family torn apart, Eden's not sure she can forgive him. Now she must search her heart and decide if Tyler is worth the risk once and for all. Books in the Did I Mention I Love You series: Did I Mention I Love You? Did I Mention I Need You? Did I Mention I Miss You? Just Don't Mention It—The companion novel that tells Tyler's story! |
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