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Record Nr. |
UNINA9910146054103321 |
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Autore |
Cotarca L (Livius) |
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Titolo |
Phosgenations [[electronic resource] ] : a handbook / / L. Cotarca, H. Eckert |
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Pubbl/distr/stampa |
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Weinheim, : Wiley-VCH, c2004 |
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ISBN |
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1-280-52018-3 |
9786610520183 |
3-527-60503-7 |
3-527-60262-3 |
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Descrizione fisica |
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1 online resource (670 p.) |
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Altri autori (Persone) |
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Disciplina |
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Soggetti |
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Phosgene |
Carbonyl compounds |
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Lingua di pubblicazione |
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Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
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Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
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Note generali |
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Description based upon print version of record. |
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Nota di contenuto |
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Phosgenations - A Handbook; Contents; Preface; 1 Contradictions; References; 2 Phosgenation Reagents; 2.1 Phosgene; 2.1.1 Conventional Manufacturing Processes; 2.1.2 Manufacturing Processes "On Demand of Consumer"; 2.2 Phosgene "Oligomers"; 2.2.1 Diphosgene; 2.2.2 Triphosgene; 2.2.2.1 Triphosgene as a Phosgene Equivalent or Phosgene Source; 2.2.2.2 Stability: Thermally and Chemically Induced Decomposition; 2.2.2.3 Preparation; 2.3 Other Phosgene Equivalents and Substitutes; 2.3.1 Oxalyl Chloride; 2.3.2 1,1-Carbonyldiimidazole; 2.3.3 Dimethyl Carbonate (DMC); 2.4 References |
3 Evaluation of Phosgenation Reagents3.1 Definition; 3.2 Reactivity; 3.3 Physical Properties; 3.4 Physiological Data; 3.5 References; 4 Phosgenation Reactions; 4.1 Classification of Phosgenation Reactions; 4.2 Chloroformylation (Chlorocarbonylation); 4.2.1 Chloroformates (Chlorocarbonylation of Alcohols); 4.2.2 Carbamoyl Chlorides (Chlorocarbonylation of Amines); 4.2.2.1 Reactions with Primary Amines; 4.2.2.2 Reactions with Secondary Amines; 4.2.2.3 Reactions with Tertiary Amines; 4.2.2.4 Reactions with Amides; 4.3 Carbonylation; 4.3.1 Isocyanates; 4.3.1.1 Introduction |
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4.3.1.2 Aromatic Isocyanates4.3.1.3 Alkyl and Alkenyl Isocyanates; 4.3.1.4 Heterocyclic Isocyanates; 4.3.1.5 Isocyanates of Amino Acids; 4.3.1.6 Acyl Isocyanates; 4.3.1.7 Silane Isocyanates; 4.3.2 Carbamates; 4.3.2.1 Phosgene and Haloformates as Reagents; 4.3.2.2 Carbamates Prepared with Isocyanates or Carbamoyl Chlorides; 4.3.2.3 Carbamates Prepared with N,N ́-Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI); 4.3.2.4 Carbamates by Aminolysis of Carbonate or Dithiocarbonate Esters; 4.3.2.5 Enol Carbamates; 4.3.2.6 Carbamates from Isocyanides; 4.3.2.7 Potassium Carbonate as a Carbonylating Reagent |
4.3.2.8 Carbamates Prepared with Acryloyl Azide4.3.2.9 Carbon Monoxide; 4.3.2.10 Carbon Dioxide; 4.3.2.11 Sodium Nitrite/HCl; 4.3.3 Carbonates; 4.3.3.1 Chloroformates; 4.3.3.2 Phosgene; 4.3.3.3 Diphosgene; 4.3.3.4 Triphosgene; 4.3.3.5 Carbonyldiimidazole (CDI); 4.3.3.6 Acyl Carbonates; 4.3.3.7 Carbonates (Interchanges); 4.3.3.8 Carbon Oxides, CO, CO(2), and MCO(3); 4.3.3.9 Ureas; 4.3.3.10 Enzyme Catalysis; 4.3.4 Ureas; 4.3.4.1 Phosgene and Symmetrical Phosgene Equivalents; 4.3.4.2 Unsymmetrical Phosgene Equivalents; 4.3.4.3 Carbon Monoxide; 4.3.4.4 Carbon Dioxide; 4.3.4.5 Organic Carbonates |
4.3.4.6 Aminolysis of S-Methylthiocarbamates Prepared from Carbonimidodithioates4.3.4.7 Diiodosilane Method; 4.3.4.8 N-Alkylation of Simple Ureas; 4.3.4.9 The Reductive Amination of Aldehydes with Monoalkylureas; 4.3.4.10 Catalytic [Ru(PPh(3))(3)] Aminolysis of Formamides; 4.3.4.11 HY Zeolite HSZ-360 Catalyzed Aminolysis of Acetoacetanilides; 4.3.5 Reactions with Binucleophiles; 4.3.5.1 N,O- and N,S-Binucleophiles. Formation of Oxazolidin-2-ones and Thiazolidin-2-ones; 4.3.5.2 N,N-Binucleophiles. Formation of 2-Oxoimidazolidines; 4.3.5.3 O,O-Binucleophiles. Formation of Cyclic Carbonates |
4.3.5.4 N,COOH Binucleophiles. Formation of N-Carboxyanhydrides of α-Amino Acids |
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Sommario/riassunto |
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In this manual, the authors compare the range of applications for phosgene with that of the alternative compounds, dealing in detail with the possible uses of diphosgene, triphosgene, carbon dioxide, organic carbonates, oxalylchloride and many other alternative materials used in synthesis. However, they clearly point out those cases where phosgene continues to have the advantage. The result is a mine of information for synthetic chemists working in industry and academia faced with the question of where the toxic phosgene can be replaced by an unproblematic compound - including the safety phosg |
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