Atomic absorption spectrometry / / Bernhard Welz, Michael Sperling

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910144143203321
• Autore: Welz Bernhard
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Weinheim, [Germany] : , : Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, , 1999; ©1999
• ISBN: 1-282-01019-0; 9786612010194; 3-527-61169-X; 3-527-61168-1
• Edizione: [Third, completely revised edition.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (965 p.)
• Disciplina: 543.0858
• Soggetti: Atomic absorption spectroscopy; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Atomic Absorption Spectrometry; Contents; 8.2.3.13 Selenium; 1 The Historical Development of Atomic Absorption; 1.1 The Early History; 1.2 Sir Alan Walsh and the Period 1952-1962; 1.3 The Development of Spectral Radiation Sources; 1.4 Single-beam, Double-beam, Single-channel, Multi-channel; 1.5 The Non-specific Attenuation of Radiation; 1.6 Burners and Flames; 1.7 Electrothermal Atomization; 1.7.1 Boris L'vov and the Graphlie Cuvette; 1.7.2 Walter SIavin and the STPF Concept; 1.7.3 The Two-step Atomizer; 1.7.4 Graphite Tubes and Other Atomizers; 1.8 Chemical Vapor Generation; 1.8.1 The Cold Vapor Technique1.8.2 The Hydride-Generation Technique; 1.8.3 Further Techniques of Chemical Vapor Generation; 1.9 Analysis of Solid Samples; 2 Physical Principles; 2.1 Atomic Structure and Spectra; 2.1.1 Atomic Structure; 2.1.2 Atomic Spectra; 2.1.3 Selection of the Spectral Lines; 2.2 Thermal Equilibrium; 2.3 Line Width and Line Profile; 2.3.1 Natural Line Width; 2.3.2 Doppler Broadening; 2.3.3 Collisional Broadening; 2.3.4 Self-absorption and Self-reversal; 2.3.5 Convolution of the Various Broadening Mechanisms; 2.4 Hyperfine Structure; 2.5 Measuring the Absorption; 2.5.1 The Absorption Coefficient2.5.2 The Beer-Lambert Law; 2.5.3 ; Deviations from the Linearity of the Calibration Function; 2.6 The Zeeman Effect; 3 Spectrometers; 3.1 Radiation Sources; 3.1.1 Line Sources; 3.1.2 Continuum Sources; 3.2 The Radiation Train; 3.3 Dispersion and Separation of the Radiation; 3.3.1 Spectral Slitwidth; 3.3.2 Reciprocal Linear Dispersion; 3.4 The Measurement and Correction of Background Attenuation; 3.4.1 Background Correction with Continuum Sources; 3.4.2 Background correction Utilizing the Zeeman Effect; 3.4.3 Background Correction with High Current Pulsing; 3.5 The Detection of Radiation3.6 The Modulation of Radiation; 3.7 Simultaneous Spectrometers; 3.8 Data Acquisition and Output; 3.8.1 Measured Quantities; 3.8.2 Signal Handling; 3.8.3 Baseline Offset Correction; 3.8.4 Integrated Absorbance; 4 Atomizers and Atomizer Units; 4.1 Flame Atomization; 4.1.1 Spectroscopic Flames; 4.1.2 Nebulizer-Burner Systems; 4.1.2.1 Burner Heads; 4.1.2.2 Nebulizers and Spray Chambers; 4.1.3 Special Introduction Techniques for the Measurement solution; 4.1.3.1 The Injection Technique; 4.1.3.2 The Use of Pumps; 4.1.3.3 Flow Injection; 4.1.3.4 Hydraulic High Pressure Nebulization4.2 Electrothermal Atomization; 4.2.1 Graphite Structure and Reactivity; 4.2.2 Graphite Atomizers; 4.2.2.1 Dimensions of Graphite Tubes; 4.2.2.2 Profiled Tubes; 4.2.2.3 Platforms; 4.2.2.4 Probes; 4.2.2.5 Temporally and Spatially Isothermal Atomizers; 4.2.3 Heating Rate and Temperature Program; 4.2.4 Protective Gas and Purge Gas; 4.2.5 Metal Atomizers; 4.2.6 Atomizer Units for GF AAS; 4.2.7 Analysis of Solid Samples; 4.2.7.1 Direct Analysis of Solid Samples; 4.2.7.2 Aids for Direct Solids Analysis; 4.2.7.3 Analysis of Suspensions; 4.2.8 Simultaneous Multielement Determinations
• Sommario/riassunto: The thoroughly revised new edition of this best-seller, presents the wide use of AAS in numerous fields of application. The comparison between the different AAS techniques enables the reader to find the best solution for his analytical problem.Authors Bernhard Welz and Michael Sperling have succeeded in finding a balance between theoretical fundamentals and practical applications. The new chapter 'physical fundamentals' describes the basic principles of AAS. The development of AAS is now described in a separate chapter. Further new chapters are devoted to the latest developments in

Faith-Based Violence and Deobandi Militancy in Pakistan / / edited by Jawad Syed, Edwina Pio, Tahir Kamran, Abbas Zaidi

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910383845003321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: London : , : Palgrave Macmillan UK : , : Imprint : Palgrave Macmillan, , 2016
• ISBN: 9781349949663; 1349949663
• Edizione: [1st ed. 2016.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (XXI, 546 p.)
• Disciplina: 303.625
• Soggetti: Terrorism; Political violence; Asia - Politics and government; Peace; Terrorism and Political Violence; Asian Politics; Peace and Conflict Studies
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Introduction -- 1 Contextualising the ascendancy of the Deobandis in Pakistan -- 2 Historical Roots of Deobandi Version of Jihadism: Implications for Violence in Pakistan -- 3 History of militancy in Islam: From Khawarij to Takfiri Deobandism -- 4 Ideological sources of transnational Islamist terrorism -- 5 Discourses of hate in Deobandi curricula, fatwas and books -- 6 Blasphemy, Takfeer, Jihad and Khilafat -- 7 Deobandi roots of extremist violence in Pakistan -- 8 Role of Deobandi extremism in global Salafi Wahabi terrorism -- 9 Could Pakistan have remained pluralistic? -- 10 Media analysis -- 11 Violence against Sunni Sufis and Barelvis -- 12 Violence against Shias; Shia genocide -- 13 Violence against Christians, Hindus, Sikhs, Jews and other communities -- 14 Violence against Ahmadis -- 15 Deobandi militancy in Bangladesh -- 16 Fighting The Takfiris: Pan Islamic Mobilization. Against Militant Anti-Shia Rhetoric inthe USA -- 17 ; Fanning the Flames: Deobandi Influence within British Islamism -- 18 Intersectionality -- 19 Counter-terrorism and Reform.
• Sommario/riassunto: 'The contributions to this valuable collection provide useful insight into the background of "faith-based militancy and terrorism in Pakistan and across the globe," distinguishing crucially the Deobandi dimension of radical Islam that has been fostered by Saudi Arabia, with US support in Pakistan particularly in the 1980s during the harsh and brutal Zia-ul-Haq regime. These developments pose a severe threat to Islamic society and beyond, and merit careful attention by those who hope to understand today's complex and dangerous world.' -Professor Noam Chomsky, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA 'This is a most timely volume which provides historical depth and nuance to the understanding of Islamic militancy and violence in Pakistan. Such an awareness is often lacking in contemporary analyses. The empirical data provided in a series of incisive and insightful chapters enables an informed account to emerge of the causes and consequences of the growing influence of Deobandi Islam within the country and its transnational linkages. The volume enables the reader to grasp the complex factors which reduce the space for pluralism, despite inherited traditions of tolerance. The book is a must read for everyone seeking to understand contemporary Pakistan and to assess its future trajectory.' -Professor Ian Talbot, University of Southampton, UK 'There has long been a need for a study tracing the development of Deobandi school of thought in the South Asian subcontinent in both the colonial and the post-colonial eras. 'Faith-Based Violence and Deobandi Militancy in Pakistan' will fill this lacuna through an inter-disciplinary and historically informed study of Deobandi thinking and organization.' -Professor Ayesha Jalal, Tufts University, USA 'This book is a landmark in scholarship on Islam, Pakistan and militancy. It will provide necessary insights into the genesis of violence in the name of religion and sect which scholars, ordinary readers and decision-makers can use to understand why Pakistan's name is often in the headlines for the wrong reasons.' -Professor Tariq Rahman, Beaconhouse National University, Lahore, Pakistan This book documents and highlights the Deobandi dimension of extremism and its implications for faith-based violence and terrorism. This dimension of radical Islam remains largely ignored or misunderstood in mainstream media and academic scholarship. The book addresses this gap. It also covers the Deobandi diaspora in the West and other countries and the role of its radical elements in transnational incidents of violence and terrorism. The specific identification of the radical Deobandi and Salafi identity of militants is useful to isolate them from the majority of peaceful Sunni and Shia Muslims. Such identification provides direction to governmental resources so they focus on those outfits, mosques, madrassas, charities, media and social medial channels that areassociated with these ideologies. This book comes along at a time when there is a dire need for alternative and contextual discourses on terrorism. Jawad Syed, PhD, is Professor of Organisational Behaviour and Diversity Management at the University of Huddersfield, UK. He is the founder and co-director of the Global Centre for Equality and Human Rights (GCEHR), UK. He is also a programme chair of the Gender, Race and Diversity in Organisations SIG of the European Academy of Management. Edwina Pio (PhD, BEd, MNZAC) is Professor of Diversity at the Business & Law School, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand, and is Visiting Professor at Boston College, USA. She is co-director of the Global Centre for Equality and Human Rights (GCEHR), UK. Tahir Kamran, PhD, is Professor and Head of the Department of History at Government College University Lahore, Pakistan, where he ; founded the biannual journal The Historian. From 2013-2015, he was IqbalFellow at the University of Cambridge, UK, as Professor in the Centre of South Asian Studies. Abbas Zaidi is Tutor in Media Studies at the School of the Arts & Media, University of New South Wales, Australia. He has worked as a journalist and teacher in Pakistan, Brunei Darussalam, and Australia.