Supercritical carbon dioxide in polymer reaction engineering [[electronic resource] /] / edited by Maartje F. Kemmere and Thierry Meyer

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910144005503321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Weinheim, : Wiley-VCH, c2005
• ISBN: 1-280-85413-8; 9786610854134; 3-527-60672-6; 3-527-60705-6
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (361 p.)
• Altri autori (Persone): KemmereMaartje F; MeyerThierry <1961->
• Disciplina: 660.284248
• Soggetti: Liquid carbon dioxide; Polymerization; Supercritical fluid extraction; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Supercritical Carbon Dioxide; Foreword; Preface; Contents; List of Contributors; 1 Supercritical Carbon Dioxide for Sustainable Polymer Processes; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Strategic Organic Solvent Replacement; 1.3 Physical and Chemical Properties of Supercritical CO(2); 1.4 Interactions of Carbon Dioxide with Polymers and Monomers; 1.5 Concluding Remarks and Outlook; Notation; References; 2 Phase Behavior of Polymer Systems in High-Pressure Carbon Dioxide; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 General Phase Behavior in Polymer/Solvent Systems; 2.3 Polymer Solubility in CO(2); 2.4 Thermodynamic Modeling; 2.5 ConclusionsNotation; References; 3 Transport Properties of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Hydrodynamics and Mixing; 3.2.1 Laser-Doppler Velocimetry and Computational Fluid Dynamics; 3.2.2 Flow Characteristics; 3.3 Heat Transfer; 3.3.1 Specific for Near-Critical Fluids: the Piston Effect; 3.3.2 Reaction Calorimetry; 3.3.3 Heat Transfer in Stirred Vessel with SCFs; 3.4 Conclusions; ; Notation; References; 4 Kinetics of Free-Radical Polymerization in Homogeneous Phase of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Experimental; 4.3 Initiation; 4.4 Propagation; 4.4.1 Propagation Rate Coefficients4.4.2 Reactivity Ratios; 4.5 Termination; 4.6 Chain Transfer; 4.7 Conclusions; Notation; References; 5 Monitoring Reactions in Supercritical Media; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 On-line Analytical Methods Used in SCF; 5.2.1 Spectroscopic Methods; 5.2.1.1 FTIR; 5.2.1.2 Raman Spectroscopy; 5.2.1.3 UV/Vis; 5.2.1.4 NMR; 5.2.2 Reflectometry; 5.2.3 Acoustic Methods; 5.3 Calorimetric Methods; 5.3.1 Power Compensation Calorimetry; 5.3.2 Heat Flow Calorimetry; 5.3.2.1 Heat Balance Equations [27]; 5.3.2.2 Determination of Physico-Chemical Parameters; 5.3.2.3 Calorimeter Validation by Heat Generation Simulation5.4 MMA Polymerization as an Example; 5.4.1 Calorimetric Results; 5.4.2 The Coupling of Calorimetry and On-Line Analysis; 5.5 Conclusions; Notation; References; 6 Heterogeneous Polymerization in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Literature Review; 6.3 Modeling of the Process; 6.4 Case Study I: MMA Dispersion Polymerization; 6.5 Case Study II: VDF Precipitation Polymerization; 6.6 Concluding Remarks and Outlook; Notation; References; 7 Inverse Emulsion Polymerization in Carbon Dioxide; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Inverse Emulsion Polymerization in CO(2): Design Constraints7.3 Surfactant Design for Inverse Emulsion Polymerization; 7.3.1 Designing CO(2)-philic Compounds: What Can We Learn from Fluoropolymer Behavior?; 7.3.2 Non-Fluorous CO(2)-Philes: the Role of Oxygen; 7.4 Inverse Emulsion Polymerization in CO(2): Results; 7.5 Future Challenges; References; 8 Catalytic Polymerization of Olefins in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide; 8.1 Introduction; 8.2 Phase Behavior of Polyolefin-Monomer-CO(2) Systems; 8.2.1 Cloud-Point Measurements on the PEP-Ethylene-CO(2) System; 8.2.2 SAFT Modeling of the PEP-Ethylene-CO(2) System
• Sommario/riassunto: Recently, supercritical fluids have emerged as more sustainable alternatives for the organic solvents often used in polymer processes. This is the first book emphasizing the potential of supercritical carbon dioxide for polymer processes from an engineering point of view. It develops a state-of-the-art overview on polymer fundamentals, polymerization reactions and polymer processing in supercritical carbon dioxide. The book covers topics in a multidisciplinary approach starting from polymer chemistry and thermodynamics, going through monitoring, polymerization processes and ending with polymer