All-digital frequency synthesizer in deep-submicron CMOS [[electronic resource] /] / Robert Bogdan Staszewski, Poras T. Balasara

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910143413503321
• Autore: Staszewski Robert Bogdan <1965->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley-Interscience, c2006
• ISBN: 1-280-65439-2; 9786610654390; 0-470-04195-1; 0-470-04194-3
• Edizione: [1st edition]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (281 p.)
• Altri autori (Persone): BalsaraPoras T. <1961->
• Disciplina: 621.3815363; 621.3815486
• Soggetti: Frequency synthesizers - Design and construction; Wireless communication systems - Equipment and supplies - Design and construction; Metal oxide semiconductors, Complementary - Design and construction; Electronic books.
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references (p. 247-252) and index.
• Nota di contenuto: ALL-DIGITAL FREQUENCY SYNTHESIZER IN DEEP-SUBMICRON CMOS; CONTENTS; PREFACE; Acknowledgments; 1 INTRODUCTION; 1.1 Frequency Synthesis; 1.1.1 Noise in Oscillators; 1.1.2 Frequency Synthesis Techniques; 1.2 Frequency Synthesizer as an Integral Part of an RF Transceiver; 1.2.1 Transmitter; 1.2.2 Receiver; 1.2.3 Toward Direct Transmitter Modulation; 1.3 Frequency Synthesizers for Mobile Communications; 1.3.1 Integer-N PLL Architecture; 1.3.2 Fractional-N PLL Architecture; 1.3.3 Toward an All-Digital PLL Approach; 1.4 Implementation of an RF Synthesizer; 1.4.1 CMOS vs. Traditional RF Process Technologies1.4.2 Deep-Submicron CMOS; 1.4.3 Digitally Intensive Approach; 1.4.4 System Integration; 1.4.5 System Integration Challenges for Deep-Submicron CMOS; 2 DIGITALLY CONTROLLED OSCILLATOR; 2.1 Varactor in a Deep-Submicron CMOS Process; 2.2 Fully Digital Control of Oscillating ; Frequency; 2.3 LC Tank; 2.4 Oscillator Core; 2.5 Open-Loop Narrowband Digital-to-Frequency Conversion; 2.6 Example Implementation; 2.7 Time-Domain Mathematical Model of a DCO; 2.8 Summary; 3 NORMALIZED DCO; 3.1 Oscillator Transfer Function and Gain; 3.2 DCO Gain Estimation; 3.3 DCO Gain Normalization3.4 Principle of Synchronously Optimal DCO Tuning Word Retiming; 3.5 Time Dithering of DCO Tuning Input; 3.5.1 Oscillator Tune Time Dithering Principle; 3.5.2 Direct Time Dithering of Tuning Input; 3.5.3 Update Clock Dithering Scheme; 3.6 Implementation of PVT and Acquisition DCO Bits; 3.7 Implementation of Tracking DCO Bits; 3.7.1 High-Speed Dithering of Fractional Varactors; 3.7.2 Dynamic Element Matching of Varactors; 3.7.3 DCO Varactor Rearrangement; 3.8 Time-Domain Model; 3.9 Summary; 4 ALL-DIGITAL PHASE-LOCKED LOOP; 4.1 Phase-Domain Operation; 4.2 Reference Clock Retiming4.3 Phase Detection; 4.3.1 Difference Mode of ADPLL Operation; 4.3.2 Integer-Domain Operation; 4.4 Modulo Arithmetic of the Reference and Variable Phases; 4.4.1 Variable-Phase Accumulator (PV Block); 4.5 Time-to-Digital Converter; 4.5.1 Frequency Reference Edge Estimation; 4.6 Fractional Error Estimator; 4.6.1 Fractional-Division Ratio Compensation; 4.6.2 TDC Resolution Effect on Estimated Frequency Resolution; 4.6.3 Active Removal of Fractional Spurs Through TDC (Optional); 4.7 Frequency Reference Retiming by a DCO Clock; 4.7.1 Sense Amplifier-Based Flip-Flop; 4.7.2 General Idea of Clock Retiming4.7.3 Implementation; 4.7.4 Time-Deferred Calculation of the Variable Phase (Optional); 4.8 Loop Gain Factor; 4.8.1 Phase-Error Dynamic Range; 4.9 Phase-Domain ADPLL Architecture; 4.9.1 Close-in Spurs Due to Injection Pulling; 4.10 PLL Frequency Response; 4.10.1 Conversion Between the s- and z-Domains; 4.11 Noise and Error Sources; 4.11.1 TDC Resolution Effect on Phase Noise; 4.11.2 Phase Noise Due to DCO ΣΔ Dithering; 4.12 Type II ADPLL; 4.12.1 PLL Frequency Response of a Type II Loop; 4.13 Higher-Order ADPLL; 4.13.1 PLL Stability Analysis; 4.14 Nonlinear Differential Term of an ADPLL
• Sommario/riassunto: A new and innovative paradigm for RF frequency synthesis and wireless transmitter design Learn the techniques for designing and implementing an all-digital RF frequency synthesizer. In contrast to traditional RF techniques, this innovative book sets forth digitally intensive design techniques that lead the way to the development of low-cost, low-power, and highly integrated circuits for RF functions in deep submicron CMOS processes. Furthermore, the authors demonstrate how the architecture enables readers to integrate an RF front-end with the digital back-end onto a single silicon die

Electromagnetic simulation using the FDTD method / / Dennis M. Sullivan

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910830974103321
• Autore: Sullivan Dennis Michael <1949->
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hoboken [New Jersey] : , : Wiley, , c2013; [Piscataqay, New Jersey] : , : IEEE Xplore, , [2013]
• ISBN: 1-118-64670-3; 1-118-64663-0; 1-118-64668-1
• Edizione: [2nd ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (198 p.)
• Disciplina: 537.01
• Soggetti: Electromagnetism - Computer simulation; Finite differences; Time-domain analysis
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: One-Dimensional Simulation with the FDTD Method -- More on One-Dimensional Simulation -- Two-Dimensional Simulation -- Three-Dimensional Simulation -- Examples of Electromagnetic Simulation Using FDTD -- Quantum Simulation -- Appendix A: The Z Transform.
• Sommario/riassunto: A straightforward, easy-to-read introduction to the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) is one of the primary computational electrodynamics modeling techniques available. Since it is a time-domain method, FDTD solutions can cover a wide frequency range with a single simulation run and treat nonlinear material properties in a natural way. Written in a tutorial fashion, starting with the simplest programs and guiding the reader up from one-dimensional to the more complex, three-dimensional programs, this book provides a simple, yet comprehensive introduction to the most widely used method for electromagnetic simulation. This fully updated edition presents many new applications, including the FDTD method being used in the design and analysis of highly resonant radio frequency (RF) coils often used for MRI. Each chapter contains a concise explanation of an essential concept and instruction on its ; implementation into computer code. Projects that increase in complexity are included, ranging from simulations in free space to propagation in dispersive media. Additionally, the text offers downloadable MATLAB and C programming languages from the book support site. Simple to read and classroom-tested, Electromagnetic Simulation Using the FDTD Method is a useful reference for practicing engineers as well as undergraduate and graduate engineering students.