State and local issues and municipal networks : hearing before the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, United States Senate, One Hundred Ninth Congress, second session, February 14, 2006

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910694140903321
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (iii, 77 p.) : ill
• Soggetti: Broadband communication systems - United States - States; Wireless communication systems - United States - States; Wireless Internet - United States - States; Municipal services - United States - States
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia

Molecular structure : understanding steric and electronic effects from molecular mechanics / / Norman L. Allinger

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910140843103321
• Autore: Allinger Norman L
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hoboken, N.J., : Wiley, c2010
• ISBN: 9786612707650; 9781282707658; 1282707655; 9780470608852; 0470608854; 9780470608845; 0470608846
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (355 p.)
• Disciplina: 547/.13
• Soggetti: Molecular structure; Physical organic chemistry
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Description based upon print version of record.
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Introduction -- Experimental molecular structures -- Molecular structures by computational methods -- Molecular mechanics of alkanes -- Conjugated systems -- “Effects” in organic chemistry -- More “effects” : negative hyperconjugation -- Additional stereochemical effects in carbohydrates -- Lewis bonds -- Crystal structure calculations -- Heats of formation.
• Sommario/riassunto: A guide to analyzing the structures and properties of organic molecules Until recently, the study of organic molecules has traveled down two disparate intellectual paths-the experimental, or physical, method and the computational, or theoretical, method. Working somewhat independently of each other, these disciplines have guided research for decades, but they are now being combined efficiently into one unified strategy. Molecular Structure delivers the essential fundamentals on both the experimental and computational methods, then goes further to show how these approaches can join forces to produce more effective analysis of the structure and properties of organic compounds.

Orphans and incentives : developing technologies to address emerging infections : workshop report / / Forum on Emerging Infections, Division of Health Sciences Policy, Institute of Medicine ; Polly F. Harrison and Joshua Lederberg, editors

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910957208503321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Washington, D.C., : National Academy Press, 1997
• ISBN: 9786610187157; 9780309174411; 0309174414; 9781280187155; 1280187158; 9780309591331; 0309591333; 9780585021157; 0585021155
• Edizione: [1st ed.]
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (112 p.)
• Altri autori (Persone): HarrisonPolly F; LederbergJoshua
• Disciplina: 614.4/4
• Soggetti: Emerging infectious diseases; Communicable diseases; Vaccines
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: Orphans and Incentives: Developing Technologies to Address Emerging Infections -- Copyright -- Preface -- THE FORUM -- THE TOPIC -- THE REPORT AND ITS ORGANIZATION -- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- NOTES -- Contents -- Summary -- LESSONS -- Introduction -- BACKGROUND -- THE WORKSHOP -- Workshop Summary -- THE CHILDREN'S VACCINE INITIATIVE* -- A Brief History -- Defining and Implementing Cross-Sectoral Collaboration -- Defining, Creating, and Stabilizing the Market -- Situation Analysis -- Market Segmentation -- Centralized Procurement -- Tiered Pricing -- Intellectual Property and Its Protection ; -- Technology Transfer -- Individual Product Experiences -- A More Heat-Stable Polio Vaccine -- The Hepatitis B Vaccine -- OTHER MODELS* -- The Malaria Vaccine Development Board -- The International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) -- AN INDUSTRY PERSPECTIVE ON THE EMERGING INFECTIONS AGENDA* -- Industry's Response to HIV/AIDS -- The Emerging Infections Scenario and HIV/AIDS -- Barriers -- LEGAL AND REGULATORY ISSUES* -- Accelerated Approval and Development of Drugs for Serious and Life-Threatening Illnesses -- Clinical Studies -- Surrogate Endpoints -- Restricted Distribution and the Matter of Antimicrobial Resistance -- Product Labeling -- Product Availability -- International Harmonization of Technical Requirements to Register Pharmaceuticals -- Intellectual Property Rights Revisited -- Orphan Drug Legislation -- PUBLIC-SECTOR AGENDAS AND PRIORITIES* -- LESSONS LEARNED AND ISSUES FOR RESOLUTION -- Lessons from the Children's Vaccine Initiative -- Divergent Sectoral Mandates and Notions of Risk -- The Product Life Cycle and the Role of Market Analysis -- Authentic Collaboration -- The Pivotal Roles of Advocacy and Public Information -- Issues for Resolution -- Agendas and Priorities -- Funding -- Multi-Tiered Pricing -- Restricted Distribution -- Surrogate Endpoints.; Patent Extensions -- Technology Transfer and Local Production -- Orphan Drug Designation -- Other Topics -- A Final Observation -- NOTES -- APPENDIX A Emerging Infectious Diseases Research and Development Agendas: Principal Public-Sector In ... -- CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION (CDC) -- R&amp -- D Priorities -- Implementation -- Collaborations -- Budget Allocations -- Future Challenges/Concerns/Issues -- DEFENSE ADVANCED RESEARCH PROJECTS AGENCY (DARPA) -- R&amp -- D Priorities -- Implementation -- Collaborations -- Budget Allocations -- Future Challenges/Concerns/Issues -- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES (NIAID) -- R&amp -- D Priorities -- Implementation -- Collaborations -- Budget Allocations -- Future Challenges/Concerns/Issues -- UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE (DOS) -- R&amp -- D Priorities -- Implementation -- Collaborations -- Budget Allocations -- Future Challenges/Concerns/Issues -- DEPARTMENT OF VETERANS AFFAIRS (VA) -- R&amp -- D Priorities -- Implementation -- Collaborations -- Budget Allocations -- Future Challenges/Concerns/Issues -- WORLD BANK -- R&amp -- D Priorities -- Implementation -- Collaborations -- Budget Allocations -- Future Challenges/Concerns/Issues -- APPENDIX B Workshop Agenda -- APPENDIX C Public-/Private-Sector Collaboration in Pharmaceutical Research and Development: Inventor ... -- LEGISLATIVE AND REGULATORY MECHANISMS -- Bayh-Dole Act -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- Orphan Drug Act -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- National Vaccine Injury Compensation Program -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- Cooperative Research and Development Agreements -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- Small Business Innovation Research Program -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- Small Business Technology Transfer.; Background -- Outcomes -- References -- Intellectual Property Rights/Patent Protection -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- Product Liability Protection -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- NIH Legislative Proposal for Product Liability Exemption for Public Health Service IND and IDE Research -- Background -- Issues -- References -- Prescription Drug User Fee Act -- Background -- Outcomes -- References -- Drug Approval Process ; Alternatives: Treatment Investigational New Drugs -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- Drug Approval Process Alternatives: Parallel Tracking -- Background -- Outcomes/Issues -- References -- Drug Approval Process Alternatives: Off-Label Use/Supplemental New Drug Applications -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- FINANCIAL MECHANISMS -- Tiered Pricing/Bulk Procurement -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- Research and Development Tax Credit -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- Puerto Rico/Possessions Tax Credit (Sec. 30a/Sec. 936) -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- CAMPAIGN AND DISEASE-FOCUSED MECHANISMS -- Breast Cancer -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- Hiv/Aids -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- Juvenile Diabetes Foundation -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- ORGANIZATIONAL MECHANISMS -- International Vaccine Institute -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (IAVI) -- Background -- Outcomes -- Issues -- References -- Inter-Company Collaboration for Aids Drug Development -- Background -- Outcomes -- Regional System for Vaccines/Sistema Regional Para Vacunas -- Background -- Outcomes -- References.
• Sommario/riassunto: Infectious diseases remain a leading cause of prolonged illness, premature mortality, and soaring health costs. In the United States in 1995, infectious diseases were the third leading cause of death, right behind heart disease and cancer. Mortality is mounting over time, owing to HIV/AIDS, pneumonia, and septicemia, with drug resistance playing an ever-increasing role in each of these disease categories. This book, a report from a Forum on Emerging Infections workshop, focuses on product areas where returns from the market might be perceived as being too small or too complicated by other factors to compete in industrial portfolios with other demands for investment. Vaccines are quintessential examples of such products. The lessons learned fall into four areas, including what makes intersectoral collaboration a reality, the notion of a product life cycle, the implications of divergent sectoral mandates and concepts of risk, and the roles of advocacy and public education. The summary contains an examination of the Children's Vaccine Initiative and other models, an industry perspective on the emerging infections agenda, and legal and regulatory issues.