Morphometrics and ecological isolation in sympatric Spiranthes (Orchidaceae) in southwestern Ontario / P.M. Catling, J.R.Brown.

• Record Nr.: UNINA990001649900403321
• Autore: Catling, P.M.
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: s.l. : ..., 1983
• Descrizione fisica: p. 2747-2759 ; 25 cm
• Disciplina: 581.4; 584.15
• Locazione: FAGBC
• Collocazione: 60 OP. 119/22
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Estr. da: Canadian Journal of botany, 61(10),1983.

Biosynthesis of heterocycles : from isolation to gene cluster / / Patrizia Diana, Girolamo Cirrincione

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910140487903321
• Autore: Diana Patrizia
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: Hoboken, New Jersey : , : Wiley, , 2015; ©2015
• ISBN: 1-118-96062-9; 1-118-96055-6; 1-118-96042-4
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (783 p.)
• Disciplina: 547/.59
• Soggetti: Heterocyclic compounds - Synthesis; Biosynthesis
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: "A John Wiley & Sons, Inc., publication."
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index.
• Nota di contenuto: Cover; Contents; Preface; Acknowledgments; Chapter 1 Introduction; 1.1 Natural Products: Primary and Secondary Metabolites; 1.2 Common Reactions in Secondary Metabolites; 1.2.1 Alkylations; 1.2.2 Wagner-Meerwein Rearrangements; 1.2.3 Aldol and Claisen Reactions; 1.2.4 Schiff Base Formation and Mannich Reactions; 1.2.5 Transaminations; 1.2.6 Decarboxylations; 1.2.7 Oxidation and Reduction Reactions; 1.2.8 Dehalogenation/Halogenation Reactions; 1.2.9 Glycosylation Reactions; References; Chapter 2 Techniques for Biosynthesis; 2.1 Isotopic Labeling; 2.1.1 Stable Isotopes; 2.1.2 Radioactive Isotopes2.2 Gene Coding for Enzymes; 2.3 Combinatorial Biosynthesis; References; Chapter 3 Three-Membered Heterocyclic Rings and Their Fused Derivatives; 3.1 Aziridines and Azirines; 3.1.1 Azicemicins; 3.1.2 Miraziridine; 3.1.3 Maduropeptin; 3.1.4 Azinomycins; 3.1.5 Ficellomycin; 3.1.6 Mitomycins; 3.1.7 Azirinomycin and Related Azirines; 3.2 Oxiranes and Oxirenes; 3.2.1 Fosfomycin; 3.2.2 AK, HC, and AF toxins; 3.2.3 Cerulenin; 3.2.4 Polyhydroxyalkanoates; 3.2.5 Epoxyrollins; 3.2.6 Asperlactone, Aspyrone, Asperline; 3.2.7 Tajixanthone; 3.2.8 Cyclomarin; 3.2.9 Cyclopenin; 3.2.10 Ovalicin and Fumagillin3.2.11 Methylenomycin A; 3.2.12 Antibiotic LL-C10037; 3.2.13 Manumycins; 3.2.14 Scopolamine; 3.2.15 Iridoid Glucosides; 3.2.16 Cordiaquinone; 3.2.17 Cyclizidine and Indolizomycin; 3.2.18 Enediyne Antibiotics; 3.2.19 Macrolides; 3.2.20 Epothilones; 3.2.21 Pimaricin; 3.2.22 Hypothemycin; 3.2.23 Radicicol and Monocillin I; 3.2.24 Trichothecenes; 3.2.25 Sporolides A and B; References; Chapter 4 Four-Membered Heterocyclic Rings and Their Fused Derivatives; 4.1 Azetidine and Azetines; 4.1.1 Azetidine-2-carboxylic acid; 4.1.2 Polyoxins; 4.1.3 Mugineic Acids; 4.1.4 Tabtoxin and Tabtoxinine-β-lactam4.1.5 Nocardicins; 4.1.6 Thienamycin; 4.1.7 Clavulanic Acid and Clavams; 4.1.8 Penicillins and Cephalosporins; 4.2 Oxetanes; 4.2.1 Oxetanocins; 4.2.2 Salinosporamides; 4.2.3 Taxol; 4.3 Dithiethanes; 4.3.1 Tropodithietic acid and Thiotropocin; References; Chapter 5 Five-Membered Heterocyclic Rings and Their Fused Derivatives; 5.1 Pyrroles (Including Tetrapyrroles); 5.1.1 2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline; 5.1.2 Pyrrolnitrin; 5.1.3 Broussonetines; 5.1.4 Prodigiosin and Undecylprodigiosin; 5.1.5 Anatoxin-a and Homoanatoxin-a; 5.1.6 Nostopeptolides A; 5.1.7 Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids5.1.8 Toyocamycin and Sangivamycin; 5.1.9 Tetrapyrroles; 5.2 Indoles; 5.2.1 Indole-3-acetic acid and Glucobrassicin; 5.2.2 Camalexin; 5.2.3 Cyclomarazines; 5.2.4 Rebeccamycin and Staurosporine; 5.2.5 Paxilline; 5.3 Furans; 5.3.1 Furanomycin; 5.3.2 Xenofuranones A and B; 5.3.3 Acyl α- L-Rhamnopyranosides and Rhamnosyllactones; 5.3.4 Tuscolid and Tuscoron A and B; 5.3.5 Tetronomycin and Tetronasin; 5.3.6 Nonactin and Macrotetrolides; 5.3.7 Furanonaphthoquinone I; 5.4 Thiophenes; 5.5 Pyrazoles; 5.6 Imidazoles; 5.6.1 Histidine; 5.6.2 Amaranzole A; 5.6.3 Oroidin; 5.6.4 Nikkomycins
• Sommario/riassunto: This book describes biosynthetic methods to synthesize heterocycliccompounds, offering a guide for the development of new drugs basedon natural products. The authors explain the role of naturalproducts in chemistry and their formation along with importantanalytical methods and techniques for working withheterocycles. Covers methods and techniques: isotopic labelling,enzymes and mutants, and pathway identification Provides a thorough resource of informationspecifically on heterocyclic natural products and their practicalbiosynthetic relevance Explains the role of natural products in chemistry a

Credit correlation [[electronic resource] ] : life after copulas / / editors, Alexander Lipton, Andrew Rennie

• Record Nr.: UNINA9910784972103321
• Pubbl/distr/stampa: New Jersey, : World Scientific, c2008
• ISBN: 1-281-91882-2; 9786611918828; 981-270-950-9
• Descrizione fisica: 1 online resource (178 p.)
• Altri autori (Persone): LiptonAlexander; RennieAndrew <1968->
• Disciplina: 332.64/57
• Soggetti: Credit derivatives
• Lingua di pubblicazione: Inglese
• Formato: Materiale a stampa
• Livello bibliografico: Monografia
• Note generali: Reprinted from the International journal of theoretical and applied finance, v. 10, no. 4 (June 2007).
• Nota di bibliografia: Includes bibliographical references.
• Nota di contenuto: CONTENTS; Introduction; Levy Simple Structural Models M. Baxter; 1. Introduction; 2. Levy Processes; 3. Credit Models for Single Names; 3.1. Example: Term structure of a single credit; 3.2. Extensions; 4. Portfolio Credit Models; 5. Calibration and Model Comparison; 6. Parameter Risks and Hedging; 6.1. Case study: Auto crisis May 2005; 7. Implementation and Other Products; 7.1. Calculating the distribution function; 7.2. Performing the optimization; 7.3. Other products; 8. Summary and Conclusions; References; Cluster-Based Extension of the Generalized Poisson Loss Dynamics and Consistency with Single Names D. Brigo, A. Pallavicini and R. Torresetti 1. Introduction; 2. Modeling Framework and the CPS Approach; 3. Avoiding Repeated Defaults; 3.1. Default-counting adjustment: GPL model (Strategy 0); 3.2. Single-name adjusted approach (Strategy 1); 3.3. GPCL model: Cluster-adjusted approach (Strategy 2); 3.4. Comparing models in a simplified scenario; 4. The GPCL Model Calibration; 4.1. Calibration results; 5. Extensions: Spread and Recovery Dynamics; 6. Conclusions; Acknowledgements; References; Appendix A. Market Quotes Appendix B. Calibration Inputs and Outputs; Stochastic Intensity Modeling for Structured Credit Exotics A. Chapovsky, A. Rennie and P. Tavares; 1. Introduction; 2. Model Setup; ; 2.1. Motivation; 2.2. Single credit dynamics; 2.3. Multiple credit dynamics; 2.4. Factorization of intensity dynamics; 2.5. Note on credit correlation; 3. Model Parametrization and Calibration; 3.1. Jump-only process; 3.2. Jump-CIR process; 3.3. Non-linear jump-diffusion process; 3.4. Idiosyncratic intensity dynamics; 4. Application to Structured Credit Exotics; 4.1. Approximating model dynamics 4.2. Pricing of derivatives; 4.2.1. Vanilla tranches; 4.2.2. European option on tranche; 4.2.3. Leveraged tranche; 4.2.4. Tranche with counterparty risk; 5. Conclusions; Acknowledgments; References; Large Portfolio Credit Risk Modeling M. H. A. Davis and J. C. Esparragoza-Rodriguez; 1. Introduction; 2. Model Description; 2.1. Formal definition of the model; 3. Fluid and Diffusion Limits; 4. Convergence Results for the Rating Distribution Process; 4.1. The fiuid limit; 4.2. The diffusion limit; 4.3. The infinitesimal generator of the single-obligor process and the probability of default 5. Computational Aspects: Quadratures; 5.1. CDO pricing; 5.2. Changes of measure, the Poisson space and Quadrature formulas; 5.2.1. The canonical space of a Poisson process; 5.2.2. Gaussian quadratures; 5.3. Some comparisons; 6. Calibration; 6.1. A 3-state environment process; 6.1.1. Implementation; 7. Conclusions; References; Empirical Copulas for CDO Tranche Pricing Using Relative Entropy M. A. H. Dempster, E. A. Medova and S. W. Yang; 1. Introduction; 1.1. Correlated intensities in portfolio credit risk modeling
• Sommario/riassunto: The recent growth of credit derivatives has been explosive. The global credit derivatives market grew in notional value from 1 trillion to 20 trillion from 2000 to 2006. However, understanding the true nature of these instruments still poses both theoretical and practical challenges. For a long time now, the framework of Gaussian copulas parameterized by correlation, and more recently base correlation, has provided an adequate, if unintuitive, description of the market. However, the increased liquidity in credit indices and index tranches, as well as the proliferation of exotic instruments su