1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910220040403321

Autore

Arjen van Ooyen

Titolo

Anatomy and Plasticity in Large-Scale Brain Models

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Frontiers Media SA, 2017

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (173 p.)

Collana

Frontiers Research Topics

Soggetti

Neurosciences

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Sommario/riassunto

Supercomputing facilities are becoming increasingly available for simulating activity dynamics in large-scale neuronal networks. On today's most advanced supercomputers, networks with up to a billion of neurons can be readily simulated. However, building biologically realistic, full-scale brain models requires more than just a huge number of neurons. In addition to network size, the detailed local and global anatomy of neuronal connections is of crucial importance. Moreover, anatomical connectivity is not fixed, but can rewire throughout life (structural plasticity)-an aspect that is missing in most current network models, in which plasticity is confined to changes in synaptic strength (synaptic plasticity). The papers in this Ebook, which may broadly be divided into three themes, aim to bring together high-performance computing with recent experimental and computational research in neuroanatomy. In the first theme (fiber connectivity), new methods are described for measuring and data-basing microscopic and macroscopic connectivity. In the second theme (structural plasticity), novel models are introduced that incorporate morphological plasticity and rewiring of anatomical connections. In the third theme (large-scale simulations), simulations of large-scale neuronal networks are presented with an emphasis on anatomical detail and plasticity mechanisms. Together, the articles in this Ebook make the reader aware of the methods and models by which large-scale brain networks running on supercomputers can be extended to include anatomical



detail and plasticity.Supercomputing facilities are becoming increasingly available for simulating activity dynamics in large-scale neuronal networks. On today's most advanced supercomputers, networks with up to a billion of neurons can be readily simulated. However, building biologically realistic, full-scale brain models requires more than just a huge number of neurons. In addition to network size, the detailed local and global anatomy of neuronal connections is of crucial importance. Moreover, anatomical connectivity is not fixed, but can rewire throughout life (structural plasticity)-an aspect that is missing in most current network models, in which plasticity is confined to changes in synaptic strength (synaptic plasticity). The papers in this Ebook, which may broadly be divided into three themes, aim to bring together high-performance computing with recent experimental and computational research in neuroanatomy. In the first theme (fiber connectivity), new methods are described for measuring and data-basing microscopic and macroscopic connectivity. In the second theme (structural plasticity), novel models are introduced that incorporate morphological plasticity and rewiring of anatomical connections. In the third theme (large-scale simulations), simulations of large-scale neuronal networks are presented with an emphasis on anatomical detail and plasticity mechanisms. Together, the articles in this Ebook make the reader aware of the methods and models by which large-scale brain networks running on supercomputers can be extended to include anatomical detail and plasticity.



2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910136458703321

Autore

Schmid Heiko <p>Heiko Schmid, Zürich, Schweiz </p>

Titolo

Metaphysische Maschinen : Technoimaginative Entwicklungen und ihre Geschichte in Kunst und Kultur / Heiko Schmid

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Bielefeld, : transcript Verlag, 2016

ISBN

9783839436226

3839436222

Edizione

[1st ed.]

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (291 p.)

Collana

Edition Kulturwissenschaft

Classificazione

LH 61100

Disciplina

701.05

Soggetti

Maschine

Machine

Science Fiction

Kulturgeschichte

Cultural History

Contemporary Art

Zeitgenössische Kunst

Weltraumfahrt

Space Travel

Kunst

Art

Film

Technik

Technology

Art History

Kunstgeschichte

Medienkunst

Media Art

Kulturwissenschaft

Cultural Studies

Lingua di pubblicazione

Tedesco

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Machinery in early Western culture and art history, from popular astronomy to futuristic art movements to the genre of science fiction.

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references.



Nota di contenuto

Frontmatter    1 Inhalt    5 Danksagung    9 1. Einleitung    11 2. Trans-klassische Maschinen    15 3. Technoimaginäre Weltenräume    51 4. Raumfahrt    81 5. Futuristische Möglichkeitsräume    143 6. Kybernetische Welt-Raumarchitekten    187 7. Ausblick - Neuartige Maschinenimaginationen    223 8. Resümee    265 9. Literaturverzeichnis    271 10. Abbildungsverzeichnis    281 11. Filmverzeichnis    287 Backmatter    288

Sommario/riassunto

Heiko Schmid beschäftigt sich mit so unterschiedlichen und gleichzeitig faszinierenden Phänomenen wie der populären Astronomie, der Künstlerbewegung der Futuristen, dem Science-Fiction-Genre, den Entstehungszusammenhängen der Raketentechnologien und dem Theorem der vierten Dimension. All diese vielfältigen Themenfelder verbindet er hierbei mit einer Annäherung an das Konzept der Maschine. Das zentrale Anliegen der Studie ist es, den Maschinenbegriff kultur- und kunsthistorisch in einen komplexen Rahmen technoimaginativer Entwicklungen einzubetten.

»Heiko Schmid zeigt uns seine Sterne. Mit seiner Dissertation führt er unseren Blick, kulturhistorisch, philosophisch, populärwissenschaftlich und künstlerisch gelenkt, in den Kosmos.«

Besprochen in:MEDIENwissenschaft, 2-3 (2018), Wolfgang Schlott