| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910136419703321 |
|
|
Titolo |
Practical methods for biocatalysis and biotransformations . 3 / / edited by John Whittall, Manchester Interdisciplinary Biocentre (MIB), The University of Manchester, UK, Peter W. Sutton, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development Limited, UK, Wolfgang Kroutil, Department of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Austria |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pubbl/distr/stampa |
|
|
Chichester, West Sussex : , : John Wiley & Sons, Limited, , 2016 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ISBN |
|
1-5231-1471-1 |
1-118-69629-8 |
1-118-69628-X |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Edizione |
[3.] |
|
|
|
|
|
Descrizione fisica |
|
1 online resource (319 p.) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Disciplina |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Soggetti |
|
Enzymes - Biotechnology |
Biocatalysis |
Biotransformation (Metabolism) |
Organic compounds - Synthesis |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lingua di pubblicazione |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
|
|
|
|
|
Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
|
|
|
|
|
Note generali |
|
Description based upon print version of record. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nota di bibliografia |
|
Includes bibliographical references and index. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nota di contenuto |
|
Practical Methods for Biocatalysis and Biotransformations 3; Contents; List of Contributors; Abbreviations; Chapter 1: Considerations for the Application of Process Technologies in Laboratory- and Pilot-Scale Biocatalysis for Chemical Synthesis; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Process Intensification and Proposed Scale-Up Concept; 1.3 Enabling Technologies; 1.3.1 Biocatalyst Immobilization; 1.3.1.1 General Considerations for Implementation; 1.3.1.2 Carrier-Bound Supported Enzymes; 1.3.1.2.1 Adsorption; Considerations for Implementation; 1.3.1.2.2 Covalent Binding; Considerations for Implementation |
1.3.1.2.3 Ionic BindingConsiderations for Implementation; 1.3.1.3 Carrier-Free Immobilization; 1.3.1.3.1 Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates (CLEAsTM); Considerations for Implementation; 1.3.2 Reactor Options; 1.3.2.1 Ideal Reactors; 1.3.2.2 Modes of Operation; 1.3.2.3 Well-Mixed Reactor Hydrodynamics; 1.3.2.3.1 Stirred Tanks; |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Considerations for Implementation; 1.3.2.3.2 Batch Stirred-Tank Reactors (BSTRs); Considerations for Implementation; 1.3.2.3.3 Continuous Stirred-Tank Reactors (CSTRs); Considerations for Implementation; 1.3.2.3.4 Alternative Well-Mixed Reactors |
Continuous Fluidized-Bed Reactors (CFBRs)Considerations for Implementation; Continuous Packed-Bed Reactors (CPBRs); Considerations for Implementation; Continuous Expanded-Bed Reactors (CEBRs); Considerations for Implementation; 1.3.2.3.5 Membrane Bioreactors (MBRs); Considerations for Implementation; 1.4 Enhancing Technologies; 1.4.1 In Situ Product Removal (ISPR); 1.4.1.1 Considerations for Implementation; 1.4.1.2 ISPR by Adsorption on Resins; 1.4.1.2.1 Considerations for Implementation; 1.4.1.3 ISPR Using Expanded-Bed Adsorption (EBA); 1.4.1.3.1 Considerations for Implementation |
1.4.1.4 ISPR by Crystallization1.4.1.4.1 Considerations for Implementation; 1.4.2 Substrate Feeding Strategies; 1.4.2.1 Fed-Batch Operation; 1.4.2.1.1 Considerations for Implementation; 1.4.3 Non-Conventional Media; 1.4.3.1 Single Non-Conventional Liquid Phase Systems; 1.4.3.1.1 Considerations for Implementation; 1.4.3.2 Aqueous-Organic Two-Liquid Phase Systems; 1.4.3.2.1 Considerations for Implementation; 1.4.3.3 Aqueous-Ionic Liquid Two-Liquid Phase Systems; 1.4.3.3.1 Considerations for Implementation; 1.4.4 Oxygen Supply Strategies; 1.4.4.1 Surface Aeration |
1.4.4.1.1 Considerations for Implementation1.4.4.2 Sparged Aeration; 1.4.4.2.1 Considerations for Implementation; 1.4.4.3 Bubble-Column Reactors; 1.4.4.3.1 Considerations for Implementation; 1.5 Conclusion; References; Chapter 2: Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Progress in Biocatalysis for Synthetic Organic Chemistry; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 CYP Development; 2.3 Recent Developments; 2.4 Conclusion; References; Chapter 3: Use of Hydrolases and Related Enzymes for Synthesis; 3.1 Continuous-Flow Reactor-Based Enzymatic Synthesis of Phosphorylated Compounds on a Large Scale; 3.1.1 Materials and Equipment |
3.1.2 Immobilization of Acid Phosphatase on Immobeads |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2. |
Record Nr. |
UNINA9910788245303321 |
|
|
Autore |
Kose Ayhan |
|
|
Titolo |
Global Business Cycles : : Convergence or Decoupling? / / Ayhan Kose, Eswar Prasad, Christopher Otrok |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pubbl/distr/stampa |
|
|
Washington, D.C. : , : International Monetary Fund, , 2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
ISBN |
|
1-4623-3965-4 |
1-4527-8339-X |
1-4518-7001-9 |
9786612840944 |
1-282-84094-0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Descrizione fisica |
|
1 online resource (51 p.) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Collana |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Altri autori (Persone) |
|
PrasadEswar |
OtrokChristopher |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Soggetti |
|
Business cycles - Econometric models |
Globalization |
Econometrics |
Finance: General |
Macroeconomics |
Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles: General (includes Measurement and Data) |
Macroeconomics: Consumption |
Saving |
Wealth |
Globalization: General |
General Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) |
Classification Methods |
Cluster Analysis |
Principal Components |
Factor Models |
Economic growth |
Finance |
Econometrics & economic statistics |
Business cycles |
Consumption |
Emerging and frontier financial markets |
Factor models |
Economics |
Financial services industry |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Econometric models |
United States |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Lingua di pubblicazione |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Formato |
Materiale a stampa |
|
|
|
|
|
Livello bibliografico |
Monografia |
|
|
|
|
|
Note generali |
|
Description based upon print version of record. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nota di contenuto |
|
Contents; I. Introduction; II. Methodology and Data; A. A Dynamic Factor Model; B. Advantages of Dynamic Factor Models; C. Variance Decompositions; D. Data; III. Dynamic Factors and Episodes of Business Cycles; A. Evolution of the Global and Group-Specific Factors; B. Country Factors and Domestic Economic Activity; IV. Sources of Business Cycle Fluctuations: 1960-2005; A. Common Cycles: Global and Country-Specific Factors; B. National Cycles: Country and Idiosyncratic Factors; C. Summary; V. Globalization and the Evolution of International Business Cycles; A. Convergence or Decoupling? |
B. Consumption ComovementC. Dynamics of Investment; D. Summary; VI. Sensitivity Experiments; A. Results for Sub-groups of Countries; B. Changes in the Importance of Global and Group Factors; C. Implications of Crises; D. Alternative Breakpoints; VII. Conclusion; References; Appendices; I. A Bayesian Approach to Estimating Dynamic Factor Models; II. Testing for Structural Breaks; III. List of Countries; Tables; 1. Variance Decompositions-All Groups; 2. Variance Decompositions-Industrial Country Subsamples; 3. Variance Decompositions-All Groups |
4. Variance Decompositions-Industrial Country Subsamples5. Variance Decompositions-Emerging Economy Subsamples; 6. Variance Decompositions-Other Developing Economy Subsamples; Figures; 1. Global and Group-Specific Factors; 2. Output Growth and Estimated Factors for Selected Countries; 3. Average Variance Explained by the Global and Group Factors; 4. Average Variance Explained by Global and Group Factors; 5. Average Variance Explained by Global Factor; 6. Average Variance Explained by Group Specific Factors; 7. Average Variance Explained by Global and Group-Specific Factors-All Countries |
8. Output Variance Explained by Global Factor9. Output Variance Explained by Group Factor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sommario/riassunto |
|
This paper analyzes the evolution of the degree of global cyclical interdependence over the period 1960-2005. We categorize the 106 countries in our sample into three groups-industrial countries, emerging markets, and other developing economies. Using a dynamic factor model, we then decompose macroeconomic fluctuations in key macroeconomic aggregates-output, consumption, and investment-into different factors. These are: (i) a global factor, which picks up fluctuations that are common across all variables and countries; (ii) three group-specific factors, which capture fluctuations that are common to all variables and all countries within each group of countries; (iii) country factors, which are common across all aggregates in a given country; and (iv) idiosyncratic factors specific to each time series. Our main result is that, during the period of globalization (1985-2005), there has been some convergence of business cycle fluctuations among the group of industrial economies and among the group of emerging market economies. Surprisingly, there has been a concomitant decline in the relative importance of the global factor. In other words, there is evidence of business cycle convergence within |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
each of these two groups of countries but divergence (or decoupling) between them. |
|
|
|
|
|
| |