1.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910136282403321

Autore

Patrick Anselme

Titolo

Neuronal and psychological underpinnings of pathological gambling / / topic editors: Bryan F. Singer, Patrick Anselme, Mike J. F. Robinson and Paul Vezina

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Frontiers Media SA, 2014

[Lausanne, Switzerland] : , : Frontiers Media SA, , 2014

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (132 pages) : illustrations; digital file(s)

Collana

Frontiers Research Topics

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience

Soggetti

Dopamine - Pathophysiology

Dopamine - Physiological effect

Compulsive behavior - Pathophysiology

Compulsive gambling - Etiology

Neuropsychology

Animal Biochemistry

Human Anatomy & Physiology

Health & Biological Sciences

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Note generali

Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph

Nota di bibliografia

Includes bibliographical references.

Sommario/riassunto

Although pathological gambling is a prevalent disease, its neurobiological and psychological underpinnings are not well characterized. Various lines of research suggest aberrant dopaminergic function may lead to pathological gambling. For example, human imaging studies have revealed dopaminergic activation coinciding with the performance of gambling-related tasks. Furthermore, dopamine D2-type receptor deficiency facilitates gambling behaviors and dopamine receptor agonist treatments for Parkinson’s disease have been shown to increase patient vulnerability to gambling. Pathological gambling is often co-morbid with drug addictions, and exposure to drugs of abuse has been shown to enhance motivation to gamble. The



activation of midbrain dopamine neurons, as well as their terminal projection fields, is involved with the development and maintenance of various addictions. Importantly, recent articles have demonstrated that repeated exposure to conditions of gambling-like uncertain reinforcement lead to enhanced drive to seek reward, potentially through increasing the incentive motivational value of conditioned cues. Signaling molecules other than dopamine may also influence reward-seeking behaviors in pathological gamblers. For example, stress-related alterations in glucocorticoid signaling may effect decision making and influence gambling behavior. Together, these findings suggest common pathways exist that mediate gambling, drug dependence, stress, and movement disorders, and that cross-reactivity between these ailments may potentiate disease symptomology. The goal of this Research Topic is to further our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying the development of pathological gambling.

2.

Record Nr.

UNINA9910557427803321

Autore

Quartarone Eliana

Titolo

Recent Advances in Post-Lithium Ion Batteries

Pubbl/distr/stampa

Basel, Switzerland, : MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 2021

Descrizione fisica

1 online resource (116 p.)

Soggetti

Research & information: general

Technology: general issues

Lingua di pubblicazione

Inglese

Formato

Materiale a stampa

Livello bibliografico

Monografia

Sommario/riassunto

Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are efficient storage systems for portable electronic devices, electrical power grids, and electrified transportation due to their high-energy density and low maintenance requirements. After their launch into the market in 1990s, they immediately became



the dominant technology for portable systems. The development of LiBs for electric drive vehicles has been, in contrast, rather incremental. There are several critical issues, such as an energy density, system safety, cost, and environmental impact of the battery production processes, that remain challenges in the automotive field. In order to strengthen the LiB's competitiveness and affordability in vehicle technology, the necessity of game-changer batteries is urgent. Recently, a novel approach going beyond Li batteries has become rapidly established. Several new chemistries have been proposed, leading to better performances in terms of energy density, long-life storage capability, safety, and sustainability. However, several challenges, such as a thorough understanding of mechanisms, cell design, long-term durability, and safety issues, have not yet been fully addressed. This book collects some recent developments and emerging trends in the field of "post-lithium" batteries, covering both fundamental and applied aspects of next-generation batteries